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Biomedical subjects

M Katz

Publications and source records attributed to M Katz.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Initial evaluation of an ambulatory system for home monitoring and transmission of uterine activity data.

A system capable of ambulatory home monitoring of uterine activity and data transmission was evaluated in a group of pregnant patients. The evaluation focused on three questions: 1) Is the information as reliable as that obtained by the current stationary monitors; 2) Does the information obtained by the tested system relate to that obtained by direct intrauterine pressure measurements; and 3) Is the system simple enough to be used by the unsupervised gravida at home? The results indicate that the tested system can provide reliable information about uterine activity in ambulatory patients. A good correlation between the intensity of contractions and the recording of uterine activity by this system could be demonstrated, particularly in the presence of mild to moderate contractions. The tested monitor proved to be simple to use even in the untrained gravida. Additional studies to determine the role of ambulatory home monitoring of uterine activity in patients with cervical cerclage, placenta previa, and preterm labor will need to be performed to establish its role in current obstetric practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Relationship of upbringing to later behavior disturbance of mildly mentally retarded young people.

Factors were examined that might explain the higher rate of behavior disturbance found in a population of mildly mentally retarded young adults compared with nonretarded peers. Results showed that neurological impairment, found in one-third of the retarded subjects, was not a factor. Three results supported the explanation that instability of upbringing was responsible for the difference in behavior disturbance: a significant relationship was found between upbringing and behavior disturbance for both retarded and nonretarded subjects; conditions of upbringing were significantly more unstable among the retarded than nonretarded subjects; and when upbringing was held constant for both sets of subjects, no differences were found in behavior disturbance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Primary osteoma cutis.

Primary osteoma cutis in a 24-year-old white woman presented as a small hard tumor beneath the skin of the left breast. Histologic examination of the lesion showed typical osteoma cutis. This was likely to be a case of primary osteoma cutis since the history and results of physical examination and laboratory tests failed to reveal other abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of verapamil on uremic myocardial disease in the rat.

It has been shown that calcium content of myocardium is increased in uremia and calcium overload has been implicated in the genesis of uremic myocardial disease. To determine whether verapamil (V) may prevent the development of myocardial lesions in uremic rats, the left ventricular myocardium has been examined with an electron microscope (EM) in 4 groups of Wistar male rats: 1) subtotally nephrectomized (SNX, n = 10); 2) SNX treated by V, 1.5 mg/kgx2/day (SNX-V, n = 8); 3) sham-operated (Sh, n = 5); 4) Sh treated by V (Sh-V, n = 5). EM examinations were performed after 13 weeks of uremia and V treatment. Serum urea and creatinine were similar in SNX and SNX-V rats and were higher in SNX and SNX-V than in Sh and Sh-V rats. The mitochondria of the myocardium in SNX rats showed damage of varying degree, starting from disrupted cristae to very dense mitochondrial structure with barely visible cristae. Myofibrils appeared disorganised with marked clear intermyofibrillar spaces. The myocardial ultrastructure of Sh, Sh-V and SNX-V rats was normal. It may be concluded that V seems to prevent the development of myocardial damage in the uremic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Mammary blood flow regulation in the nursing rabbit.

Cardiac output and mammary blood flow distribution prior to and after suckling were studied in 10 nursing rabbits by means of radionuclide-labeled microspheres. Suckling was followed by a 5.8% rise in cardiac output and a 20.4% rise in mammary blood flow. Determinations of intraglandular blood flow distribution have shown that there was a 43% increase in blood flow to the glands suckled from as compared to a 22.7% rise to the contralateral untouched glands and a 4.9% rise in the remainder of untouched glands. The conclusion is that a local mechanism may be involved in the regulation of mammary blood flow in the nursing rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of adrenergic receptors does not explain regional differences in blood flow in the pregnant rabbit uterus.

The increase in uterine blood flow during pregnancy is maximal at the placental implantation site, but the mechanisms of this increase are poorly understood. Adrenergic receptor activation may influence blood flow both directly and indirectly. We therefore asked whether distribution of myometrial adrenergic receptors within the rabbit uterus could explain the increased blood flow to smooth muscle under the placenta. alpha-Adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptor concentrations and affinities were measured in myometrium from under the placenta and compared to myometrium between placentas and distant from the placentas. There were no differences in receptor concentrations or affinities in different parts of the uterus. We therefore conclude that the distribution of adrenergic receptors in the pregnant rabbit uterus cannot explain the preferential blood flow to myometrium at the placental implantation site.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonography in preterm labor.

A prospective study was conducted with ultrasonography in a group of 48 patients who presented with significant premature uterine activity. The study attempted to characterize the ultrasonographic signs exhibited by the cervix and lower uterine segment in conjunction with preterm labor. These signs, their frequency of occurrence, and possible clinical significance are described.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1984

Immunodominant protein epitopes. I. Induction of suppression to hen egg white lysozyme is obliterated by removal of the first three N-terminal amino acids.

The lack of response to hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) by C57BL (H-2b) mice has been demonstrated previously to be related to the induction of suppressor T (Ts) cells which recognize the amino terminal region of HEL. In this report, the nature of the protein determinant required for Ts cell induction is more precisely detailed using des-1,2,3-HEL (AP-HEL) prepared with an aminopeptidase purified from Aeromonas proteolytica . Remarkably, the removal of just these three amino acids obliterates the ability of HEL to induce Ts cells specific for HEL. Additionally, in contrast to HEL, AP-HEL is able to prime for an in vitro T cell proliferative response to either AP-HEL or HEL. Thus, removal of a very limited region of a protein antigen can drastically alter its immunogenic properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Corn oil and its minor constituents as inhibitors of DMBA-induced chromosomal breaks in vivo.

Inhibitory effects of corn oil and its constituents have been studied against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced chromosomal breaks in B6C3F1 female mice using the in vivo bone-marrow micronucleus assay. We tested propyl gallate, alpha-tocopherol and beta-sitosterol as constituents of corn oil. In addition, sunflower oil was tested also to check whether corn oil differs from any other vegetable oil. Corn oil, propyl gallate, beta-sitosterol or sunflower oil were injected i.p. to mice for 2 days at 24-h intervals, prior to injecting DMBA i.p. alpha-Tocopherol was mixed in powdered food and the mice were fed on it for 4 days before receiving DMBA. Bone-marrow samples were collected at various 24-h intervals. About 50-70% reduction in number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE)/500 PCEs were observed in all the treatments wherever corn oil was used. Significant inhibitory effects were noted in treatments with alpha-tocopherol and beta-sitosterol. Sunflower oil also showed an inhibitory effect, similar to that with corn oil.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1984

Inhibitory effects of alpha- and beta-naphthoflavones on DMBA-induced anomalies in germ cells assessed by sperm abnormality assay.

Frequencies of abnormal sperms in B6C3F1 male mice were analyzed after injection with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), alpha-naphthoflavone (alpha-NF or 7,8-benzoflavone), beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF or 5,6-benzoflavone) and combinations of either alpha-NF and DMBA or beta-NF and DMBA. Either alpha-NF or beta-NF was injected 48 and 24 h before injecting mice twice with DMBA for 2 days at 24-h intervals. Prior injection of mice with alpha-NF and beta-NF was based on the assumption that enhanced activity of monooxygenase enzymes (P-450) in the mouse system so as to modify the metabolism of DMBA towards increased detoxification. Both flavones showed inhibitory effects in the genotoxic action of DMBA to the extent of 83% reduction by alpha-NF and 60% by beta-NF in the number of abnormal sperms as compared with those found in germ cells due to DMBA alone. compared with those found in germ cells due to DMBA alone.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1984

Lymphography and percutaneous fine needle node aspiration biopsy in the staging of bladder carcinoma.

We studied 56 patients with infiltrating bladder tumor by pedal lymphography and percutaneous fine needle node aspiration biopsy on an outpatient basis. Of 54 evaluable patients 35 (65 per cent) had a positive lymphangiogram. Adequate material for biopsy was obtained in 81 per cent of the patients. Of 15 patients with normal lymphography none had a positive aspiration, whereas 11 (32 per cent) of those with a positive lymphangiogram had a positive biopsy. The high rate of positive lymphography with negative biopsy is attributed to inflammatory changes due to previous transurethral resection of the tumor. Radical cystectomy was done in 38 patients. There were 28 negative aspirations that correlated with 21 negative lymphadenectomies and 4 positive aspirations that correlated with 4 positive lymphadenectomies. There was no mortality and morbidity was mild. Lymphography with fine needle percutaneous node aspiration biopsy has a role in the preoperative staging of bladder carcinoma.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1984

Career paths through mental retardation services: an epidemiological perspective.

Children born during a five year period, resident in a British city, and administratively defined as mentally retarded were followed up at age 22. Age specific prevalence rates ranged from 2.5/1000 at age 5 to 14.7/1000 at age 11. The various mental retardation services for children and adults are described and the frequencies with which different paths through services were followed are given. Almost three-quarters of those who had been at a school for educable, mentally retarded children received no services in the young adult period. The distributions of various associated disabilities among those receiving different services after leaving school are given. These illustrate the multiple problems presented by those who continue to require services in adulthood. The epidemiologic data presented provide a basis for estimating service needs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Reading performance and eye-movements through Varilux 2 and ST-25 lenses.

Reading rate, reading comprehension, and photoelectrically recorded eye movements while reading through Varilux 2 and ST-25 lenses were compared for seven subjects who were predominantly myopic, who ranged from 25 to 60 years of age, and who wore adds of 1.00 to 2.25 D. Tests were done at near (40 cm) and intermediate (57 cm) distances before and after a month of adaptation to the lenses using paragraphs that subtended less than 14 deg. A three-way analysis of variance indicated no significant differences in performance between the two types of lenses.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1984

The prevalence of mild mental retardation in the adult years.

Most mildly retarded children do not receive mental retardation services after leaving school. Those who do, however, represent a sizable proportion of adults receiving services. Nevertheless, their needs may be overlooked, since most adult programmes are designed to serve more severely retarded individuals. In this paper prevalence rates for mild mental retardation in the early adult years are given for one community, and the ways in which rates vary using different definitional criteria are demonstrated. Problems related to estimating the adult service needs of mildly retarded individuals are examined in relation to suggestions offered by Baroff (1982).

Adolescent↗