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Biomedical subjects

M Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to M Ishida.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Purification of carcinoembryonic antigen by affinity chromatography with anti-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.

Purification of radiolabeled carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) preparations by affinity chromatography with anti-AG bound to Sepharose was attempted, since an immunological similarity between AG (alpha 1-acid glycoprotein) and a portion of CEA had been noted. When 125I-CEA was purified in this manner, the fraction which did not bind to the column showed decreased reactivity with either anti-AG or anti-CEA. The retained fraction showed enhanced reactivity with both anti-AG and anti-CEA. The yield of purified CEA increased when the CEA preparation was allowed to react with the anti-AG column overnight. Purification of CEA from tumor tissue was performed by affinity chromatography. A perchloric acid (PCA) extract from cancer tissue was mixed with antiserum against CEA to give an immune complex, and a CEA-reactive fraction obtained by PCA extraction. The CEA-reactive fraction was eluted from a Sephadex G-200 column, and final purification was by anti-AG chromatography. When purified CEA was applied to a Sephadex G-200 column with carrier protein after labeling with 125I, the eluted radioactivity was found only in the 180,000 dalton fraction. Almost all the radioactivity was precipitated from the labeled protein by either anti-AG or anti-CEA. Purification of CEA is possible by affinity chromatography with anti-AG bound to Sepharose.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Isolation of ortho- and paramyxoviruses from migrating feral ducks in Hokkaido. Brief Report.

A total of 18 hemagglutinating agents were isolated from 14 of 278 migrating feral ducks In Hokkaido during the surveillance studies conducted from 1978 to 1981. Seven of the 18 isolates belonged to paramyxovirus and the rest to influenza A virus. Five isolates of paramyxovirus reacted specifically with antiserum to duck/HK/199/77 and 7 isolates of influenza A virus possessed the antigenic configuration of H10N3. Three of the isolates possessed an hemagglutinin that has no antigenic relation to any of the 26 known strains of avian, swine, equine and human influenza A viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Serum calcium regulating hormones in the perinatal period.

To clarify perinatal vitamin D metabolism, we measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and human calcitonin (CT) in paired maternal, cord, and infant serum. Cord serum 25OHD was significantly lower than the maternal level, and cord serum 24,25(OH)2D was also significantly below the maternal concentrations. Maternal, cord, and infant serum 1,25(OH)2D, on the other hand, was significantly higher than the normal adult level. The serum PTH was low, but the CT concentration was high in the cord. Cord serum Ca and P levels were significantly higher than maternal. The reason for the elevated circulating 1,25(OH)2D level in the perinatal period is uncertain, and we speculate that the possible factors are gonadal steroids, placental lactogen, prolactin, and CT. In addition, serum 24,25(OH)2D and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations are under some control by the fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Biochemical characterization of 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors in chick embryonal duodenal cytosol.

This study presents measurements of serum vitamin D metabolites, calcium and phosphorus as well as measurements of the equilibrium dissociation constant for duodenal 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor in 15-, 18-, 19-, and 20-day chick embryos in comparison to that in 1- and 118-day-old chicks and to vitamin D-deficient chicks. The present results showed that: (a) serum 1,25(OH)2D and 24,25(OH)2D levels rise from 15 and 18 to days 19 and 20 of embryonic development while serum phosphate levels are stable; (b) serum calcium levels rise at hatching to adult levels; (c) the duodenal 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor is detectable in 15-day-old embryo and has a Kd similar to that of 118-day-old vitamin D-replete chicks; and (d) the activity of 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor in chick duodenal cytosol is maximal at hatching.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Glutamate inhibitors in the crayfish neuromuscular junction.

1. The effects of chlorisondamine and TI-233 on the crayfish neuromuscular junction were investigated in order to compare the action of glutamate with that of the excitatory transmitter. 2. The glutamate-induced synaptic current was inhibited by both of these two drugs. Excitatory junctional potentials were significantly reduced by chlorisondamine, whereas they were increased by TI-233. 3. It is suggested that chlorisondamine and TI-233 are powerful non-competitive antagonists for glutamate. 4. A quantum analysis of extracellular EJPs demonstrated that chlorisondamine did not possess presynaptic action in the crayfish neuromuscular junction. Chlorisondamine shortened the decay phase of extracellular EJPs, and the decay was frequently fitted by a double exponential in relatively low concentrations. 5. Semilogarithmic plots of the decay phase of the glutamate current evoked by a short glutamate pulse were nearly linear, but they shifted from linearity to some extent in the presence of chlorisondamine, showing prolongation of the glutamate current tails. 6. When TI-233 was added to the bathing solution at a concentration of 0.1 mM, the quantum content of extracellular EJPs was increased by about two times, but the average unit size was not changed. 7. There was no change in the rise time and the decay phase of the glutamate potential in the presence of TI-233. 8. Pharmacological difference between glutamate responses and EJPs was revealed in the presence of chlorisondamine and TI-233. Unless this difference can be explicated with a reasonable explanation on the glutamate transmitter hypothesis, it is difficult to confirm that glutamic acid is an excitatory transmitter at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The possible origin H1N1 (Hsw1N1) virus in the swine population of Japan and antigenic analysis of the isolates.

Virus isolation and serological studies on swine sera collected during 1973 to 1978 showed that H1N1 (Hsw1N1) influenza viruses first appeared in the swine population of Japan about May 1977. With the exception of one strain, both haemagglutinin and neuraminidase subunits of all the H1N1 viruses isolated from swine in Japan and from pigs imported from North America were antigenically indistinguishable from those of A/NJ/8/76 virus, suggesting the introduction of swine influenza virus into Japan with imported pigs from North America as breeding stock. Antigenic analysis of a recombinant virus by neuraminidase-inhibition tests with specific antisera to the isolated neuraminidases of A/Victoria/3/75 and A/Aichi/2/68 revealed that the neuraminidase antigen of the recombinant virus, A/swine/Kanagawa/2/78 (H1N2), was closely related to those of A/Tokyo/6/73 (H3N2) and A/Kumamoto/22/76 (H3N2) viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Normal serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Serum calcium, phosphorus, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] were measured in 6 women and 2 men with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, 22 normal subjects, 5 patients with chronic renal failure, and 5 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Serum 1,25-(OH)2D levels were significantly higher in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and lower in patients with chronic renal failure than in normal subjects. In patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, the serum calcitonin levels were elevated, but the parathyroid hormone and 1,25-(OH)2D levels were within normal ranges. The serum 25OHD levels were not significantly different in any group. It is concluded that chronic elevation of serum calcitonin has no effect on the serum 1,25-(OH)2D level.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2↗
PubMed1982

An assay for antibodies to thyroid plasma membrane using the isotope-labeled protein A.

An assay for detection of serum IgG binding to thyroid membrane using 125I-Protein A was examined. The test serum is incubated with purified thyroid membranes, and the IgG bound to the membrane is detected by its interaction with 125I-Protein A. Most of the bound IgG is not bound to the TSH receptor, because TSH does not induce any appreciable decrease in the binding of the IgG to thyroid membranes. Increased serum IgG binding to thyroid membrane is found in most patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but not in patients with thyroid cancer or simple goiter. Many sera with positive binding activity showed positive microsomal antibody. Serum IgG binding to thyroid membrane in Graves' disease correlates neither with LATS activity nor thyroglobulin antibody. This finding suggests that TSH receptor is not involved in the reaction. The assay method is useful for measuring the binding immunoglobulin for thyroid membrane that is frequently increased in autoimmune thyroid disease, and the present data provide further support to the concept that thyroid autoimmune disorders are associated with antibodies to thyroid cell surface components.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of serum thyroxine binding prealbumin in various thyroidal states by radioimmunoassay.

Serum thyroxine binding prealbumin (TBPA) levels in various thyroidal states were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). This technique is highly sensitive, accurate and reproducible. The normal mean (+/- 2SD) level of serum TBPA is 26.9 +/- 8.0 mg/dl (29.4 +/- 5.2 in men and 24.9 +/- 7.6 mg/dl in women). Serum TBPA levels in pregnant women were significantly lower than in normal females (P less than 0.05). Serum TBPA levels in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism were 12.9 +/- 4.0 mg/dl (mean +/- SD) and in patients with untreated hypothyroidism were 25.2 +/- 4.7 mg/dl (mean +/- SD). The mean TBPA concentrations in untreated hyperthyroidism were significantly lower than that for normal population (P less than 0.01), but untreated hypothyroidism was almost within normal range. The changes in TBPA levels in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were similar to those in TBG levels. In untreated hyper- and hypothyroidism, restoration to euthyroidism by treatment was uniformly accompanied by a normalization of serum TBPA and TBG levels. A negative correlation between serum thyroid hormone binding protein (TBG and TBPA) and free thyroxine was observed in patients with hyperthyroidism. The coefficient of correlation between TBPA and free thyroxine was -0.80 (P less than 0.01) and between TBG and free thyroxine -0.58 (P less than 0.01). From these experiments it appears that not only TBG but also TBPA may play an important role in the regulation of the free thyroxine concentration in response to various thyroidal states.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Regulation of amino acid intake in the rat: self-selection of methionine and lysine.

A study was undertaken to measure the ability of rats to regulate amino acid intake by means of a self-selection method. Weaning rats were simultaneously offered a choice between a 10% casein diet or a 10% amino acid mixture diet lacking methionine or lysine and a 10% casein diet containing different levels of methionine or lysine over 2 weeks. Weight gain and food consumption of rats allowed a choice between the two diets were much greater than those of animals fed on the fixed diets with high levels of methionine or lysine added, and the self-selecting rats had the ability to take in amounts of methionine or lysine appropriate to meet the requirement. Methionine intakes of self-selecting rats were kept to a relatively narrow range (41--100 mg/day), but lysine intakes of self-selecting rats were wide-ranging (86--300 mg/day). It was demonstrated that methionine or lysine intake is closely regulated in rats given a choice of diets containing varied levels of methionine or lysine.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Replication and plaque formation of parainfluenza viruses in an established line of monkey kidney cells.

All four types of parainfluenza virus produced distinct plaques in an established line of monkey kidney cells (LLCMK2) under agar overlay containing trypsin and DEAE dextran. Parallel titration of these viruses in LLCMK2 and primary cynomologous monkey kidney (MK) cells showed that LLCMK2 cells were about tenfold more sensitive than MK cells. When trypsin was added to the fluid medium, the virus yield in LLCMK2 cells was significantly higher than in MK cells.

Animals↗