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Biomedical subjects

M Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to M Ishida.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Inhibitory actions of vecuronium bromide on acetylcholine and glutamate responses at the frog and crayfish neuromuscular junction.

Effects of vecuronium bromide, an analog of pancuronium, on the cholinergic and glutamatergic neuromuscular junction were investigated. Vecuronium depressed the postsynaptic response of the frog end-plate at lower concentrations than 10(-6) g/ml without affecting the presynaptic events. Vecuronium decreased the amplitude of the double ACh potential, but the second potential was more markedly reduced than the first. In analogy with d-tubocurarine, this suggests that vecuronium may act in part as an open channel blocker at the frog end-plate. Vecuronium depressed both the glutamate response and the excitatory junctional potential at the crayfish neuromuscular junction, although high concentrations were required. The drug increased the decay rate of extracellularly recorded excitatory junctional potentials at the crayfish neuromuscular junction. The reduction of the crayfish synaptic response caused by vecuronium can be explained by the open channel blocking action at this junctional site. The problem that cholinergic antagonists possess a property of channel blocking at the other transmitter system was discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of LATS activity and TSH receptor antibody in Graves' disease.

TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) activity and LATS activity of Graves' sera were compared. All of 50 LATS-positive cases were TRAb positive, although only 63% of LATS-negative cases were TRAb positive. Binding of 125I-TSH to the TSH receptors was inhibited dose-dependently by LATS-immunoglobulin. However, no correlation between TRAb activity and LATS activity was observed. TRAb was positive in 2 LATS-positive cases even when the symptoms of hyperthyroidism were controlled by treatment (antithyroid or radioisotope). The positive TRAb was not changed in 4 Graves' disease patients whose LATS activity had disappeared following antithyroid treatment. These clinical studies show that TRAb is more sensitive than LATS and suggest that LATS may be one of a heterogenous population of antibodies to the TSH receptor in Graves' disease.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1984

Effect of vitamin D3 on the pancreatic secretion of insulin and somatostatin.

To clarify the role of vitamin D in the regulation of the endocrine pancreas, we have studied insulin and somatostatin secretion in vitamin D deficient rats (reared on a vitamin D deficient diet), D-replete rats (reared on a vitamin D deficient diet and given 160 IU of vitamin D3 sc twice a week) and control rats (reared on laboratory chow), using the isolated perfused rat pancreas. In the vitamin D deficient rats, the perfusate insulin induced by 16.7 mM glucose was only 35% of the secretion in the control rats. In the D-replete rats, the insulin release was restored to that of the controls. Similarly, the plasma insulin level in the vitamin D deficient rats was very low and the level in the D-replete rats was also restored to the level of the controls. The perfusate somatostatin response to glucose was not significantly different in any of the three groups. In addition, since the plasma calcium level in the vitamin D deficient rats was very low and in the D-replete rats was still lower, compared to normal rats, we suggest that vitamin D acts not only via the plasma calcium level but possibly also directly on the B cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Characterization of an established cell line from human immature teratoma of the ovary and effects of retinoic acid on cell proliferation.

A human immature teratoma cell line was established from tumor tissue of the ovary. The cell line, designated YK , synthesized and secreted alpha-fetoprotein, but there was a gradual decrease in the synthesis of this protein during serial passage. The doubling time at passage 43 was about 20.3 hr, and the plating efficiency was 30 to 40%. Tumorigenicity of the cell line in athymic nude mice was 100% even when 10(4) cells were inoculated s.c. When the cell line was cultivated for 5 days in the presence of 80 microM retinoic acid, proliferation was completely inhibited, while alpha-fetoprotein secretion into the medium was increased. Specific lactate dehydrogenase activity in the tumor grown in nude mice as well as in the cultured cells was 8 times higher than that in the original tumor. The activity of alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the original tumor was similar to that in the tumor grown in nude mice, while the activity in the cultured cells was about 2.5 times higher than those in both original tumor and the tumor grown in nude mice. The original tumor had all five ordinary bands of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. In contrast, both the cultured cells and the tumor grown in nude mice had a characteristic band which was considered to have similar electrophoretic mobility as testicular lactate dehydrogenase X isoenzyme in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A case of thyroid carcinoma with temporal bone metastasis].

A 34-year-old female who had received left hemi-thyroidectomy because of carcinoma of the thyroid complained of progressive deafness 5 years postoperatively. A red pulsating tumor was found in her mid-ear; it was removed incompletely. The tumor was diagnosed as a glomus jugulare tumor. The patient died at age 47 due to tumor progression. Autopsy revealed a temporal bone tumor with brain invasion; histological examination confirmed it to be a metastasis from the thyroid carcinoma. Clinical and histological details of this rare case are reported and the relevant literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lymphocyte chemotaxis in inflammation. IX. Further characterization of lymphocyte chemotactic lymphokines produced by purified protein derivative-stimulation in vitro and in vivo.

As recently reported, one lymphocyte chemotactic factor (beta-LCF, mol. wt. about 27,000) released from activated guinea-pig lymphocytes appeared to be identical to one of the LCFs (LCF-d) isolated from extract of purified protein derivative (PPD)-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction sites in guinea-pigs with respect to antigenicity and chemotactic effect for T cells. However, the mol. wt. of LCF-d (about 300,000) was clearly distinct from beta-LCF. The experiments were undertaken to clarify the problem. beta-LCF appeared to be bound to some protein of normal guinea-pig serum (GPS) because the chemotactic activity was revealed in the fraction corresponding to that of LCF-d when the mixtures of beta-LCF with GPS were applied to a Sephadex G-200 column. Additionally, binding experiments using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled beta-LCF were performed; fluorescence was only detected in the chemotactic fraction. It was thus assumed that the lymphokine (beta-LCF) would be released from activated lymphocytes around the inflammatory tissue, then bound with serum protein exuded in the site and function as LCF-d. The possibility was supported by the evidence that beta-LCF like-chemotactic substance (mol. wt. about 27,000) was dissociated from LCF-d under acid conditions. The factor dissociated from LCF-d was also bound with GPS protein under neutral conditions and converted to high molecular substance resembling LCF-d physiochemically. Furthermore, the chemotactic activity of LCF-d was almost completely absorbed by antibody against GPS. It is thus considered that the chemotactic activity of LCF-d may be attributed to beta-LCF released from activated lymphocytes and that some serum protein which binds beta-LCF may function as a carrier protein in the DTH sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

An immunohistological study of nasal and paranasal mucosa of patients with relapsing chronic sinusitis.

Mucosal specimens from patients with chronic sinusitis have been immunohistologically investigated. Secretory IgA was found decreased in type 1 (relapsing type sinusitis) whereas C3 was increased. Lysozyme was decreased or deplated in longstanding cases (type 2). Fibronectin was found both in type 1 and type 2 chronic sinusitis. It was concluded that depletion of IgA and lysozyme with activation of C3 and fibronectin interferes with the successful treatment of sinusitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1984

[A quantitative analyzing method for drug-induced tremor].

A method for analyzing drug-induced tremor in mice was developed using a power spectral analysis of the random current induced by the movement of a magnet attached to a mouse on a wire coil. The power spectral density function defined the frequency composition of the drug-induced tremor, and the mean square value of the data in any frequency range of concern was determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Excitatory junctional responses and glutamate responses at the crayfish neuromuscular junction in the presence of chlorisondamine.

At the crayfish neuromuscular junction chlorisondamine reduced the amplitude of both the excitatory junctional potential and the glutamate current in a dose-dependent manner in concentrations above 3 microM, and it is suggested that the drug is a powerful non-competitive antagonist for glutamate. Chlorisondamine did not act presynaptically on the crayfish neuromuscular junction. A double exponential decay of excitatory synaptic currents was observed in the presence of chlorisondamine, suggesting that this drug is an open channel blocker for the excitatory neurotransmitter. The glutamate current tail was prolonged in the presence of chlorisondamine. This prolongation increased with increasing iontophoretic current of glutamate. The rate of recovery from the refractory form of the glutamate receptor to the free reactive one was hardly affected by chlorisondamine. The inhibitory action of chlorisondamine on glutamate responses was voltage-dependent and hyperpolarization reduced the drug action. Chlorisondamine depressed the glutamate current even in Na-free, Ca-rich solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Trimethaphan as a glutamate inhibitor at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.

At the crayfish neuromuscular junction trimethaphan reduced the amplitude of both the glutamate-induced synaptic current and the excitatory junctional current in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations greater than 5 microM. These effects were dependent on membrane potential. Trimethaphan did not affect the inhibitory junctional potential and the input resistance of the opener muscle. The dose-response curves for inhibition of glutamate responses by trimethaphan suggest that trimethaphan is not a competitive glutamate antagonist. A quantum analysis of extracellularly recorded excitatory junctional potentials showed that trimethaphan decreased both quantum content and average unit size. Trimethaphan also prolonged the glutamate currents evoked by both short and prolonged ionophoretic currents, but the decay of nerve-evoked synaptic currents was accelerated by the drug. Three explanations worthy of consideration to explain the action of trimethaphan are the responses of extra-junctional receptors, the sudden release and short actions of the neurotransmitter in contrast with the progressive application and long exposure of exogenous agonists to receptors, and discrimination of glutamate and excitatory transmitter in the crayfish neuromuscular junction. The second of these possibilities is mainly discussed at length.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Regional distribution of pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in the canine brain].

Recently many gut hormones have been found in the brain, and there is some evidence to suggest that pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity (PP-LI) is also present in the brain. Although in mammals, confirmative evidence is not yet shown. In the present paper we report the distribution and tissue localization of PP-LI in the canine brain by radio-immunoassay (RIA) and immunohistochemistry. Normal, fasted mongrel dogs were used. Brain tissue was extracted by boiling water. High concentrations of PP-LI were found in the pituitary gland (3.67 +/- 1.10 ng/g wet wt), substantia nigra (1.58 +/- 0.36 ng/g wet wt), hypothalamus (0.74 +/- 0.28 ng/g wet wt) and olfactory lobe (0.58 +/- 0.21 ng/g wet wt). PP-LI was not detectable in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The amounts of PP-LI in the brain were more less than the amounts of PP present in the pancreas (duodenal lobe, 29.3 +/- 1.1 microgram/g wet wt). The dilution curve of the brain tissue extracts showed parallelism with the standard curve of human and porcine PP on the RIA system. On Bio-Gel P-30 column chromatography, PP-LI from the pituitary gland and olfactory lobe eluted as a single peak coincided with highly purified bovine PP. In immunohistochemical study, PP-LI was found in the intermediate lobe and the stalk of the pituitary gland by means of anti-bovine PP antiserum. These findings of the specific regional localization suggest that PP or PP-LI may have a physiological role in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Production of antibody for alpha 1-acid glycoprotein using carcinoembryonic antigen and normal fecal antigen.

The structural characteristics of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CEA-like antigen in feces and meconium were examined using antibody raised against 2 antigens. When antibody to CEA was made, anti-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AG) (nonprecipitating antibody) besides the precipitating antibody for CEA was made. When antibodies against each CEA-like antigen (mol. wt. 180,000) purified from feces and meconium were tested, each antibody showed a fused precipitin line for 2 antigens. Some antibodies showed the non-precipitating antibody for AG. CEA and CEA-like antigen in feces and meconium may be composed of 2 portions (AG portion and non-AG portion). Antibody specific to these antigens may be the antibody directed to the non-AG portion.

Animals↗