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Biomedical subjects

M Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to M Ishida.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Inhibitory effect of xian-qing-long-tan extract on degranulation and histamine release from rat mast cells.

Xian-Qing-Long-Tang (XQLT), a Chinese medicine, is useful for treating allergic diseases. To demonstrate the anti-allergic effect of this drug we examined its effect on degranulation and histamine release from rat mast cells induced by antigen and compound 48/80. The effect on 48 h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats was also studied. In the IgE antigen-antibody reaction using DNP-As, XQLT inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells, in vitro; it also inhibited 48 h rat homologous PCA reaction, in vivo. These results suggest that XQLT inhibits type 1 allergic reaction, and has effectiveness for allergic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Cases of lethal midline granuloma (polymorphic reticulosis) at our department in a recent 10-year period].

We had 18 patients (15 males and 3 females) with lethal midline granuloma (polymorphic reticulosis) in the period from 1981 to 1990. This number was about 5.6% of the total number of patients with malignant head and neck tumors that we encountered during this period. An average of 9.1 months separated the first appearance of disease and the beginning of treatment. Most of the 18 patients underwent both radiation therapy and chemotherapy (COP, CHOP, MACOP-B), but, since their disease had reached an advanced stage, 3 underwent radiation therapy only, 3 underwent chemotherapy only, and 1 received no radical therapy at all. Of the 18 patients, 13 died of the disease. In of 6 of these, the disease was confined to the local lesion. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 15.7% (Kaplan-Meier). Fourteen autopsy studies revealed that tumor cells had invaded the liver (92.8%), lung (92.8%) and spleen (71.4%) and in all cases it was in leukemic patterns. Fifteen cases were studied for tumor surface marker phenotype, but none was found to be positive for L26, CD43, Leu M1 (CD15), or MAC 387. Five cases were positive for UCHL-1 (CD45RO) and 10 cases were positive for lysozyme. All cases were positive for Ki-1 (CD30).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment of urinary tract anomalies detected by prenatal ultrasonography].

Twelve pediatric patients with antenatal diagnosed urinary tract anomalies from 1988 to 1992 in Niigata University Hospital were clinically examined. 1: All patients were diagnosed by ultrasonography. Eleven cases did not have any abnormal pregnancy and other had oligohydramnious. 2: Postnatal surgical treatments were performed in 11 cases, but antenatal therapy was not performed in any case. 3: Temporary percutaneous nephrostomy (PNS) were carried out on 7 kidneys in 6 cases during infantile period seems to be effective in preserving function of congenital obstructed kidneys.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Elevated cytosolic free calcium concentrations in platelets of hypertensive drinkers: a weak association with alcohol consumption.

Although the mechanisms of alcohol related hypertension remain unknown, it has been hypothesised that alcohol causes the accumulation of calcium ions (Ca2+) in vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in the elevation of vascular tonus. To evaluate this contention, intra platelet free calcium concentrations (platelet [Ca2+]i) were determined in 20 young adult men, i.e. five each of hypertensive heavy drinkers, hypertensive light drinkers, normotensive heavy drinkers, and normotensive light drinkers. Platelet [Ca2+]i were higher in the ten hypertensives than in the ten normotensives, irrespective of alcohol consumption. The hypertensive drinkers also showed higher levels of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Platelet [Ca2+]i in the total 20 subjects did not correlate with alcohol consumption, but correlated positively with serum gamma-GTP levels and SBP. These preliminary study results do not support the contention that Ca2+ accumulates in the vascular smooth muscle cells of humans as a result of chronic alcohol consumption. The significance of elevated platelet [Ca2+]i observed in the hypertensive heavy drinkers in the pathogenesis of alcohol related hypertension remains obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pregnancy complicated by the May-Hegglin anomaly.

May-Hegglin anomaly is a prepotent autosomal hereditary disease characterized by giant thrombocytes, thrombocytopenia and continuous appearance of inclusion bodies (Döhle like corpuscle) in the cytoplasm of granulocytes. In this report we report our experience of a case whose pregnancy was complicated by this disease. This anomaly is rare and there are only 15 families reported in this country. The only clinical symptom is the tendency to bleed, but since this is not rare, it may be necessary to consider examination of peripheral blood in every case of thrombocytopenia. If this disease complicates pregnancy, it is important to plan the mode of delivery to consider both the maternal and fetal prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Therapeutic and adverse effects of zotepine and their relationships with serum kinetics of the drug].

The spectrum of therapeutic and adverse effects of zotepine and their relationships with serum concentrations of the drug were investigated in 28 schizophrenic inpatients by a fixed-dose (100 mg/day for the first 1 wk and 200 mg/day for the following 3 wk) study. The mean % improvement in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores were 63.4% for total, 64.4% for positive, 41.8% for negative and 74.2% for anxiety-depression symptoms, suggesting that zotepine has a broad therapeutic spectrum. There were significant differences in improvement of negative symptoms after 1 wk and total and positive symptoms after 2 wk (P < 0.05) between responders (more than 50% reduction in total BPRS scores at wk 4) and nonresponders. The mean scores of UKU Side Effect Rating Scale were low in this study. UKU scores of psychic at wk 2 and total adverse effects at wk 3 and wk 4 (P < 0.05) were higher in nonresponders than in responders. A negative correlation between % improvement in total BPRS and total UKU scores was observed (P < 0.05). These two results suggest some relationship between poor clinical response and increased adverse effects during zotepine treatment. Lack of close correlation between serum drug concentrations and clinical or adverse effects indicates that therapeutic monitoring of zotepine concentrations would be of little significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Excitatory amino acids: physiological and pharmacological probes for neuroscience research.

The 2S,3S,4S-isomer (L-CCG-I) of 2-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine (CCG) is a potent metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist. L-CCG-I depressed monosynaptic excitation in the newborn rat spinal motoneurone at low concentrations well below those causing postsynaptic depolarization. 2S,3R,4S-CCG (L-CCG-IV) is a potent N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type agonist. In cultured rat hippocampal neurones, L-CCG-IV caused marked increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. 6-Carboxylated L-CCG-IV (DCG-IV), which is a tricarboxylated CCG derivative containing both chemical moieties of L-CCG-I and L-CCG-IV, depressed preferentially monosynaptic excitation of spinal reflexes in lower concentrations than L-CCG-I. 4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-carboxy-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid (MFPA), which is the most potent kainoid yet described, is superior to acromelic acid A in causing depolarization of the newborn rat spinal motoneurone. In addition to MFPA, some non-kainoids demonstrated considerably high depolarizing activities. These new compounds would provide useful probes for neuroscience research.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

New, potent kainate derivatives: comparison of their affinity for [3H]kainate and [3H]AMPA binding sites.

Newly synthesized kainate derivatives, 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-carboxy-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid (HFPA and 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-carboxy-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid (MFPA), were potent inhibitors of [3H]kainate binding to the rat spinal cord synaptic membranes, comparable in their effectiveness to kainate and domoate, whereas acromelic acid A (ACRO-A) and B (ACRO-B) was much less effective than kainate. ACRO-A, MFPA and HFPA all inhibited [3H]AMPA binding. These novel kainate analogues provide new pharmacological tools for analyzing the mechanisms underlying activation of kainate/AMPA receptors.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of performance in diagnosis of pneumoconiosis using FCR (Fuji Computed Radiography)].

The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of the FCR system to the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. In the study, images of pneumoconiosis obtained by FCR were collected from the Rosai Hospital for Silicosis, and the distribution, shape and size of small opacities of pneumoconiosis were determined by three of the authors. An image data base was prepared, and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis using FCR test films was performed by 12 physicians with reference to reduced ILO films. Among the data obtained, data relating to profusion were analyzed. The results were compared with those obtained in the previous study. It was found that, if suitable image processing was carried on FCR test films, profusion could be classified with an accuracy equal to that of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis with usual full-size films. It was necessary to establish standard films obtained by FCR in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of pneumoconiosis using FCR.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative dot blot analyses of blood-group-related antigens in paired normal and malignant human breast tissues.

Membranes were prepared from 31 breast-cancer specimens and adjacent mammary tissues, dot-blotted to nitrocellulose paper, and reacted with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (A, B, Lewis a, Lewis b, sialylated Lewis a, Lewis x, and Lewis y) and lectins (Ulex europaeus, peanut agglutinin) having various blood-group specificities. The expression of epithelial membrane antigen was assayed with MAb MA5. The ratio of breast-cancer to normal mammary membrane preparations (C/N ratios) of these reagents was measured by densitometric scanning. We observed a decrease in the levels of A, B, Lewis a, Lewis b, sialylated Lewis a, and Lewis y antigens and an increase of Lewis x, T, and MA5-reactive determinants in breast cancers. The incidence of incompatible A, as well as A and B, antigens was demonstrated for 2 patients of blood group B and O respectively. When the receptor content was plotted against the C/N ratio of these various reagents, a significant inverse relationship between the C/N ratio of Lewis x antigen and estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) content was observed in breast cancers. The mean C/N ratio of Lewis x antigen was significantly higher in the ER-negative/PR-negative (ER-/PR-; 2.33 +/- 1.17), as compared with the ER-positive/PR-positive (ER+/PR+; 0.97 +/- 0.80). According to these observations, Lewis x antigen expression may be influenced by hormonal stimuli such as estrogen and progesterone.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1992

Protective effect of carteolol, a beta-blocker, on myocardial cellular damage in ischemic and reperfused pig hearts: assessment with gated in vivo 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron microscopy.

To assess the effect of carteolol, a beta-blocker, on ischemia and reperfusion, changes in the ultrastructure of myocytes and energy metabolism were studied by 31P-NMR in 41 pig hearts without collateral circulation. The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 20 min and reperfused for 120 min in three groups: seven pigs (group 1, no treatment with carteolol; group 2, pre-ischemia treatment with carteolol (10 micrograms/kg); group 3, post-ischemia treatment with carteolol before reperfusion). Other groups of five pigs were killed after 120 min of ischemia (group 4, no treatment; group 5, pre-ischemia treatment) or 20 min of ischemia (group 6, no treatment; group 7, pre-ischemia treatment). After 20 min of ischemia, ATP was higher in groups 2 (76 +/- 9% of the baseline value) than in group 1 (59 +/- 5%) and group 3 (60 +/- 10%). However, the difference disappeared after 30 min of ischemia. After 120 min of reperfusion, ATP showed much better recovery in group 2 (92 +/- 9%) than in groups 1 (66 +/- 7%) and 3 (68 +/- 10%). Ischemic injury, as viewed by light and electron microscopy, was milder in group 7 than in group 6 after 20 min occlusion, but the myocytes were almost normal after 120 min reperfusion in groups 1 to 3. The heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product showed no significant difference among the groups. These results indicate that pre-ischemia treatment with carteolol provided protection against ischemic cellular injury and accelerated the repletion of ATP during reperfusion, but the post-ischemia treatment did not lead to recovery of ATP. Therefore, the favorable effect during reperfusion of pre-ischemia treatment with carteolol depends on its protective effect during ischemia.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

A metabotropic L-glutamate receptor agonist: pharmacological difference between rat central neurones and crayfish neuromuscular junctions.

1. 2S,3S,4S-2-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine (L-CCG-I), a conformationally restricted glutamate analogue, is a potent metabotropic L-glutamate receptor agonist in the mammalian central nervous system. 2. Depolarizing actions of L-CCG-I and trans-(+/-)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (trans-ACPD) in the newborn rat spinal motoneurone are temperature-sensitive, and are not depressed by 3-[(+/-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl] propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) and/or 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX). 3. L-CCG-I and trans-ACPD induced oscillatory responses in Xenopus oocytes injected with rat brain mRNA. Oocytes with oscillatory responses to L-CCG-I and trans-ACPD showed reversal potential of about -20 mV, which was very close to the equilibrium potential of chloride ions. 4. In rat hippocampal synaptoneurosomes, L-CCG-I stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in a concentration dependent manner. L-CCG-I was less potent than quisqualate but more potent than trans-ACPD. 5. At low concentrations, L-CCG-I did not cause any depolarization of newborn rat spinal motoneurones, but reduced substantially amplitudes of monosynaptic reflexes. 6. At the crayfish neuromuscular junction L-CCG-I, acting presynaptically, reduced the amplitude of excitatory junctional potentials. This action was prevented by application of picrotoxin but not pertussis toxin. The actions of trans-ACPD differ from those of either L-CCG-I or ibotenate at the crayfish neuromuscular junction. 7. L-CCG-I has a potential to provide further useful information on metabotropic L-glutamate receptor function.

Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic↗
PubMed1992

Effects of zonisamide on extracellular levels of monoamine and its metabolite, and on Ca2+ dependent dopamine release.

The effects of zonisamide (3-sulfamoylmethyl-1,2-benzisoxazole), a novel anticonvulsant, on extracellular levels of monoamine and its metabolite in the striatum and hippocampus, and Ca2+ dependent monoamine release in the striatum of freely moving rats were studied by microdialysis. Zonisamide increased dopamine, homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and decreased 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the rat striatum. However, zonisamide showed no effect on Ca2+ dependent dopamine release in the rat striatum. In the hippocampus, zonisamide increased dopamine, homovanillic acid, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and decreased 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. The present results suggest that zonisamide facilitates dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission but does not affect Ca2+ dependent dopamine release within therapeutic plasma concentrations.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1992

Impact of influenza virus infection as a cause of pediatric hospitalization.

From winter 1989 to spring 1990, a severe epidemic caused by influenza A (H3N2) and B viruses developed in Japan. During the epidemic (December 1989 to February 1990), 244 children were admitted to the pediatric ward of Nippon Kokan Hospital: 53 (21.7%) were hospitalized with influenza virus infection, 22 (9.0%) with rotavirus gastroenteritis, and 17 (7.0%) with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Among those with influenza, 24 had type A and 29 had type B. Most were young healthy children without underlying illnesses (mean age, 4.8 +/- 3.4 years). The impact of the influenza epidemic on pediatric hospitalization is probably much greater than generally thought when a severe epidemic occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Origin and evolutionary characteristics of antigenic reassortant influenza A (H1N2) viruses isolated from man in China.

During the 1988/1989 influenza season, five antigenic reassortant influenza A (H1N2) viruses not previously isolated from man were isolated in Hebei province, People's Republic of China. All isolates contained haemagglutinins (HAs) and neuraminidases (NAs) which were antigenically similar to those of the recent Russian (H1N1) and Hong Kong influenza A (H3N2) viruses, respectively. The results of antigenic and nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that the genes encoding the polymerase, nucleoprotein, NA, matrix and non-structural proteins of the reassortant A/Hebei/24/89 (H1N2) virus were derived from the H3N2 parent virus, whereas its HA gene was from the H1N1 parent virus. The nucleotide sequences of the HA (encoding the HA1 subunit) and NA genes of the reassortant viruses were also determined. Phylogenetic trees constructed from these data by the neighbour-joining method revealed that the HA gene of the reassortant virus was closely related to those of recent human H1N1 viruses, whereas the NA gene was related to a recent human Hong Kong (H3N2) virus lineage.

Antigens, Viral↗