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Biomedical subjects

M Horiguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Horiguchi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in genital condylomata in women and their male partners by using in situ hybridization with digoxygenin labeled probes.

Twelve couples (12 women and their male partners) presenting genital warts were investigated in order to evaluate the sexual transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) in mutual partners and the localization of HPV DNA. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy samples of 12 vulvar condylomata, and 12 penile condylomata from male partners were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA-6, -11, and 16/18 by using in situ hybridization with digoxygenin labeled DNA probes. HPV DNA was identified in 9 women (75%) and in 9 men (75%). HPV-6 was frequently identified, being revealed in 42% of the vulvar specimens, in 67% of the cervical specimens and 58% of the penile specimens. Seven of 9 (77%) positive couples shared the same HPV DNA, and 2 couples harbored different HPV DNA types between the partners. The signal intensity of the HPV DNA was generally strong in superficial cell layers, weak in parabasal or basal cell layers. No malignant lesions resulted from the condyloma acuminatum caused by HPV-6 or -11. There were only mild dysplasia in the both sexes.

Condylomata Acuminata↗
PubMed1989

Cytotoxic effects of acrylamide and its related compounds assessed by protein content, LDH activity and cumulative glucose consumption of neuron-rich cultures in a chemically defined medium.

Cytotoxicity of acrylamide on neuronal cells cultured in a chemically defined medium was studied with morphological alteration, protein content, LDH activity and cumulative glucose consumption as toxicity indicators. The cumulative glucose consumption was significantly reduced by exposure to acrylamide before the other indicators were affected, suggesting that it would be the most sensitive indicator in the present study and that inhibition of glucose utilization might be one of the mechanisms of acrylamide neurotoxicity. The cumulative glucose consumption was applied for assessing cytotoxicity of acrylamide and its related compounds in neuronal cultures. The ED50 values were 0.8, 5.8, 15.0 mM for acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, and methacrylamide, respectively, which are neurotoxic in in vivo studies. N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, which is not reported to be neurotoxic, however, showed the lowest ED50 value, 0.2 mM, indicating that it was most potently toxic to neuronal cells. The results suggest the necessity of a cautious approach to neurotoxicity assessment from culture studies.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1989

A simple continuous culture system for rumen microbial digestion study and effects of defaunation and dilution rates.

Ground substrates and a buffer solution were continuously supplied into 500 ml culture vessels in which the contents were mixed slowly by a stirrer (6 rpm) and the excess medium removed via a small outlet chamber (overflow) by a turning wing (30 rpm). This procedure resulted in the formation of three layers in the culture vessel with different local dilution rates. The top and bottom layers, with slower dilution rates, successfully served to harbor and thus maintain the slowly growing microbes that would otherwise wash out of the system. The effects of defaunation on the microbial digestion were studied with varying nominal dilution rates of .5, 1.5, 2.5, and 4.0/d. Dry matter and cellulose digestibilities and VFA production were depressed by defaunation, and the depressions were more pronounced at higher dilution rates, suggesting a favorable effect of protozoa on rumen microbial digestion in higher producing animals.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1989

Silicone rumen cannula with a soft cylindrical part and a hard flange.

A soft rumen cannula for sheep was made with two kinds of silicone rubber and a polyethylene plug. The design of molds is simple and the materials can easily be obtained. The elasticity of the cylindrical part of the cannula controlled leakage of rumen contents to a minimum, and the moderate hardness of the flange prevented loss of contents from the rumen. The cannula could be used repeatedly and functioned well for over 4 yr. The cannula was easily pushed into the rumen, and the collection of whole digesta was accomplished easily by hand. A small amount of sampling with pipette could be achieved through the punched opening without removing the inner polyethylene plug.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Production performance of laying hens fed L-tryptophan.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether supplementing L-tryptophan to a nutritionally complete diet would influence egg production rate and egg shell quality in laying hens. One hundred and twenty layers (Rhode Island Red x White Leghorn) were randomly allocated into three groups. Birds were fed a basal diet or diets supplemented with L-tryptophan at 250 or 500 mg/kg for 405 days from 25 wk of age. Hen day egg production and daily egg output were proportionately higher with higher levels of supplemental dietary L-tryptophan; the differences were significant (P less than .05) for layers fed the 500 mg tryptophan/kg diet. The improvement in egg production by dietary L-tryptophan was greatest during the latter part of the laying period. These findings suggest that supplemental L-tryptophan improves the egg production rate in laying hens.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Bull's-eye maculopathy and negative electroretinogram.

The authors studied four patients with a bull's-eye maculopathy and otherwise normal fundus. A single-flash electroretinogram (ERG) with an intense white light stimulus in the dark showed a normal a-wave but reduced b-wave amplitude (negative ERG). Other findings common to all four patients were initially normal visual acuity, subsequent progressive decrease in visual acuity, mild to moderate deficiency of color vision, normal peripheral visual field, relatively well preserved cone ERG, normal 30-Hz flicker ERG, normal EOG, near emmetropia and selective involvement in males. Cone dystrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, congenital retinoschisis, congenital stationary night blindness, and Batten's disease were excluded. The correlation between this disease and benign concentric annular macular dystrophy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Primary cytoreductive surgery of advanced ovarian cancer with special reference to the significance of bowel resection].

The importance of cf cytoreductive surgery is discussed with special reference to the bowel resection for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. In the 10.5-year period from January 1978 to June 1988, 134 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were seen at Toranomon Hospital. Two (15%) out of 13 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer at stage II underwent bowel resection to achieve cytoreduction, 10 (31%) out of 32 at stage III, and 4 (36%) out of 11 at stage IV, respectively. Modified posterior pelvic exenteration was the most common operative procedure among the bowel resections. In this procedure, resection of both sigmoid colon and rectum and end-to-end anastomosis was carried out. Besides bowel resection, all patients at stage II-IV had abdominal hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without omentectomy. Comparison of the treatment was by the method of Kaplan-Meier and the Wilcoxon test. The following results were obtained. 1) Five-year survival rate for patients with bowel resection was 60%, compared to 39% for those undergoing operation without bowel resection (p less than 0.05). 2) Two-year survival for patients having residual cancer even after bowel resection was 61%, compared to 28% for those with residual cancer without bowel resection (p less than 0.05). 3) Two-year survival for patients with residual cancer greater than 2 cm was 8%, compared to 62% for those with residual cancer less than 1.9 cm (p less than 0.05). 4) Four patients who died of cancer 15-26 months after the initial treatment including bowel resection spent 65-85% (mean 76%) of the survival period with normal or subnormal activity, against 0-85% (mean 30%) for 6 patients without bowel resection and with the matched survival period of 15-26 months. Also, the former spent 19-33% (mean 27%) of their survival period in the hospital, against 20-67% (mean 39%) by the latter. These results suggest that bowel resection should be encouraged in order to achieve optimal cytoreduction in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer because of its effectiveness in prolonging survival and the inherent benefits for quality of life.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1989

Asymmetry of focal ERG in human macular region.

Electroretinograms (ERGs) were elicited by hemicircular (half-disc) stimuli to the upper, lower, temporal and nasal maculas of 26 normal subjects, and the amplitudes and implicit times of the ERGs from opposing macular regions were compared. The amplitudes of a-wave, b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were significantly larger in the upper macular region than in the lower macular region (P less than 0.05). The amplitudes of a- and b-waves did not differ significantly between temporal and nasal macular regions, but OPs showed enormous asymmetry, with significantly larger amplitudes in the temporal retina than in the nasal retina (P less than 0.001). The implicit times of a-waves, b-waves and OPs did not differ significantly between upper and lower retina, or between temporal and nasal retina. These findings aided analysis of the ERG of a patient with a retinal defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Local macular electroretinographic responses in idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Using focal stimuli to human macular regions, we recorded electroretinograms in 24 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy of recent onset (mean visual acuity, 20/20). The stimulus spot was 10 degrees in diameter. Intact fellow eyes served as controls. The local macular electroretinograms of the affected eyes were significantly reduced and the implicit time in each component was significantly prolonged. The mean (+/- S.D.) amplitudes, expressed as percentages of mean amplitudes recorded in fellow eyes, were 64.6% +/- 22.7% (a-wave), 49.6% +/- 21.0% (b-wave), and 15.0% +/- 21.6% (oscillatory potentials). Two to five months after the macular detachment resolved, recordings in 18 patients showed remarkable recovery of a- and b-waves and shortened implicit times. However, the oscillatory potentials showed significantly small recovery in amplitude. Since oscillatory potentials and b-waves were significantly more deteriorated than a-waves in the presence of macular detachment, and oscillatory potentials showed selective delay of recovery in the convalescent stage, central serous chorioretinopathy may involve functional disturbances in the inner retinal layer as well as the photoreceptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Aberrant cutaneous nerve of the thigh arising from the sciatic nerve in the human.

An aberrant cutaneous nerve of the thigh arising from the peroneal portion of the human sciatic nerve or common peroneal nerve was observed in 9 cases (4.6% of sides). After giving a branch to the short head of the biceps femoris muscle and a branch to the knee joint, this cutaneous nerve reaches the subcutaneous tissue by passing between the short head of the biceps femoris and the vastus lateralis or by piercing through the biceps femoris. The authors presume that the cutaneous nerve shows the presence of the potential cutaneous nerve routes from the common peroneal nerve to the skin of the lateral aspect of the thigh.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Effects of androgen on 17 beta-estradiol production by cultured human granulosa cells.

In order to determine whether androgen acts solely as a substrate for aromatization or whether it also influences on the activity of aromatase enzyme, human granulosa cells were incubated in vitro with or without androgen. Although basal production of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in cultured granulosa cells obtained from follicles about 26 hr after the initiation of the LH surge was restricted in small quantities, a marked increase in E2 production occurred in the presence of testosterone (T) (10(-6) M) as aromatizable substrate. The non-aromatizable androgen, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (10(-7) M, 10(-6) M), slightly enhanced E2 production and it did not inhibit T aromatization in these cells. By contrast, DHT did not increase E2 production in granulosa cells obtained from follicles 2-5 days before the LH surge. The results indicate that androgen can enhance the estrogen biosynthesis of granulosa cells obtained from follicles during the LH surge not only by acting as a substrate for aromatization but also by participating in some process of the estrogen synthesis. This effect of androgen was not clearly seen in granulosa cells obtained before the LH surge, suggesting that the response of granulosa cells to exogenous androgen varies with the stage of the cell differentiation.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1988

[A gastric cancer showing marked improvement (stage IV) with lentinan immunotherapy and 5-FU, MMC-chemotherapy].

A 59-year-old male undergoing an exploratory laparotomy for stage IV gastric cancer (H0P1N4S3) was treated concomitantly with Lentinan, 5-FU and MMC. The CEA values, fluoroscopic and endoscopic findings and histology by biopsy were investigated sequentially. Three months after the beginning of treatment, clinical symptoms had nearly disappeared. Body weight increase and recovery from anemia were observed. The CEA value which had shown a high preoperative level of 114.2 ng/ml decreased to 4.0 ng/ml. The marked improvement of endoscopic findings and no cancer cells were seen in several biopsy specimens. However, the condition of the patient deteriorated six months later. This patient showed clear improvement, although temporary, with immunochemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrastructural observation of human papillomavirus particles in the uterine cervix intraepithelial neoplasia].

Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), twenty two cases of an intraepithelial lesion in the uterine cervix have been examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) particles. In 21 of these cases (95%), HPV particles were detected in the nucleus, and in 5 cases, in the cytoplasm. The distribution of the intranuclear HPV particles was classified into 4 types. In only 2 cases did the exhibited particles show a geometrical crystalline array (type I). In most cases, the exhibited particles were either seen to show an aggregate non-crystalline array (type II) or were concentrated around the chromatin (type III). Some cases also were found to show particles that were scattered sporadically in the nucleoplasm (type IV).

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Effects of energy and/or protein restriction on hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase in male broiler chicks.

1. Effect of energy and/or protein intake on a mixed function oxidase system (MFO) in hepatic microsomes was studied in male broiler chicks. 2. Contents of cytochrome P-450 and b5 in 72 hr starvation were larger than those in 12 and 36 hr starvations. 3. Reduction of energy and protein intake did not change the MFO, except cytochrome P-450. 4. Reduction of energy intake under the same protein intake increased the cytochrome P-450 content and aminopyrine N-demethylase activity. An increase in protein intake under the same energy intake also increased the cytochrome P-450 content.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Oscillatory potentials in electroretinograms of the human macular region.

Using focal stimuli, we successfully recorded oscillatory potentials (OPs) in electroretinograms of the macular regions of 72 normal volunteers. The OPs consisted of three to four wavelets with a mean peak interval of approximately 6.5 msec, consistent with that recorded with conventional full-field stimuli over the entire retina. The changes of amplitude in response to the spot sizes and ring stimuli suggested that the distribution of OPs is different from that in a- and b-waves in human macular region.

Action Potentials↗