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Biomedical subjects

M Hirano

Publications and source records attributed to M Hirano.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

CO2 laser in treating carcinoma of the tongue.

Since 1980, we have been using CO2 laser in treating carcinomas of the tongue. Carcinomas confined to the mucosa have been treated with laser excision alone. Five patients were treated in this way and they are all alive with no evidence of disease. Follow-up ranges from 11 months to 3 years. Carcinomas with a superficial muscular invasion have been treated with mass reduction laser surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy. There were 19 patients which fell in this category. Of these 19, 17 are alive with no evidence of disease, 1 died of an intercurrent disease, and 1 died of cervical metastasis. Follow-up ranges from 9 months to 5 years and 1 month. For carcinomas with a deep muscular invasion, we first attempted an induction chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and pepleomycin. When the chemotherapy was effective, we applied mass reduction laser surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy. Two patients were treated in this way. One is alive with no evidence of disease (11-month follow-up) whereas the other died of pulmonary metastasis. Following the treatments using laser, speech intelligibility is much better than after extensive surgeries.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A histopathological study of carcinoma of the larynx.

Fifty-one laryngectomy specimens were histopathologically studied in serial sections. The incidence of thyroid cartilage invasion was 10% in supraglottic, 48% in glottic, and 67% in subglottic carcinomas. The incidence of cricoid cartilage invasion was 0% in supraglottic, 22% in glottic, and 33% in subglottic carcinomas. The sites of cartilage invasion were the anterior commissure portion and an ossified lower portion of the thyroid cartilage, and an ossified upper portion of the cricoid cartilage. Fixation of the vocal fold in glottic carcinoma was accounted for by carcinomatous invasion into three-fourths or more of the thyroarytenoid muscle. Impairment of the vocal fold movement was accounted for by carcinomatous invasion into three-fourths or less of the thyroarytenoid muscle. Fixation of the vocal fold in supraglottic carcinomas was accounted for by a massive carcinomatous invasion around the upper aspect of the arytenoid cartilage.

Arytenoid Cartilage↗
PubMed1985

Strobofibrescopic colour video recording of vocal fold vibration.

We have designed a system for strobofibrescopic video recordings of vocal fold vibration. The system consists of a flexible laryngofibrescope, an improved model of laryngo-stroboscope, a colour video-camera, a video printer, a video-recorder and a TV monitor set. This system is applicable to most patients, even to children and those patients whose larynx is difficult to visualize.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of VP-16 (capsule) in solid tumors. A cooperative study].

A phase II study of VP-16, a semisynthetic Podophyllotoxin, was performed in patients with solid tumors. VP-16 was administered orally at a dose of 200mg/day for 5 consecutive days at 3 to 4-week intervals. Out of 41 patients who were entered into the study, 35 patients comprising 17 lung cancer, 10 hepatoma and 8 other tumors were evaluable. There were 4 partial responses (23.5%) for lung cancer, 1 (10.0%) for hepatoma and 1 for rhabdomyosarcoma. Overall response rate was 18.2% for patients with prior chemotherapy and 15.4% for those given no prior chemotherapy respectively. Thus the results indicated VP-16 has no cross-resistance to other antitumor agents. Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3) were observed in 72.7% and 29.4% of the patients, respectively. Other toxicities were alopecia (59.5%) and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea (46.2%), vomiting (20.5%) and anorexia (20.5%), but these were all well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of severe infection in patients with hematological disorders by cefminox. Tokai Infection Study Group].

Sixty-three infectious episodes in 61 patients with hematological disorders were treated with cefminox (CMNX, MT-141), a new antibiotics in the cephamycin group. CMNX was given by 1 hour infusion every 8 to 12 hours in a dose of 4 to approximately 6 g per day for 3 to 12 days, not being combined with other antibiotics. CMNX was effective in 45% of total cases. In 24 cases, the number of granulocytes at the start of CMNX were less than 500/mm3, and 11 cases (46%) of them responded to CMNX. Thus, CMNX was found effective in severe infections in patients with hematological disorders. No serious side effects attributable to CMNX were noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of VP-16 (capsule) in malignant lymphomas. A cooperative study].

A new semisynthetic podophyllotoxin derivative VP-16 has been evaluated in a phase II study on malignant lymphomas. The drug was administered orally by capsule at a dose of 100mg twice a day for 5 consecutive days at 3-4-week intervals to a total of 53 patients. Objective responses were noted in 9 patients (25%), 4 with CR and 5 with PR, out of 36 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, while none of 5 patients with Hodgkin's disease responded. Two of 5 patients with adult T-cell lymphoma attained a PR. Overall objective response rate was 24%. Dose-limiting toxicity was hematologic and alopecia was also observed. Gastrointestinal toxicity was moderate. These results demonstrated that VP-16 administered as an oral capsule is effective against malignant lymphomas and suggested a lack of clinical cross-resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Preoperative treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in gastric and colorectal cancer].

Preoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU was carried out on patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. 5-FU was given at a dose of 500 mg daily with a drip infusion for 7 days (Group A), with a one-shot intravenous infusion daily (Group B) and orally for 7 days (Group C). Histological effects were evaluated, using the criteria proposed by Ohboshi. In group A for gastric cancer and in group C for colon cancer, the histological response was stronger at the edge of the cancer than at its surface. In group C for gastric cancer and in group A for colon cancer, the histological response was more remarkable at the surface of the cancer than at its edge. The histological effects on metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer were the same as for the cancer nests in groups A and C. 5-FU used as a drip infusion or orally was more effective on metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer than on metastatic lymph nodes of colon cancer. 5-FU was detected at a high concentration in tumor tissues of gastric cancer in group A, Grade II response being obtained in 3 of 7 patients. Changes in regional lymph nodes, plasma and other organs in cases of combined resection were not obtained with regard to either the concentration of 5-FU or the histological findings for all three groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[CO2 laser in treating head and neck cancer].

CO2 laser is especially useful in treating cancer of tube- and cavity-organs. For carcinomas of the tongue, we have employed three types of laser usage. Carcinomas confined within the mucosa are treated by laser alone. For carcinomas invading the muscle to some extent, we make a mass reduction surgery by means of laser which is followed by (chemo)radiotherapy. Carcinomas with extensive muscular invasion are first treated with induction chemotherapy. If the chemotherapy is effective, we add laser surgery for the purpose of mass reduction and chemoradiotherapy follows. 26 patients were treated and none has developed local recurrence. For glottic carcinomas, we have applied laser in two ways: laser surgery alone and laser combined with (chemo)radiotherapy. We have treated 58 patients with glottic carcinoma. 14 developed local recurrence. Of these 14, 13 were successfully treated but the other died because he refused to have further treatment.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Effect of systemically administered caerulein on dopamine metabolism in rat brain.

The effect of caerulein, a cholecystokinin-like peptide, on the dopamine (DA) system was examined in rat brain. Caerulein, when tested in vitro, had no significant influence on either D-1 or D-2 DA receptors. A single injection of caerulein (400 micrograms/kg, i.p.) reduced both homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the striatum. No significant change in DA metabolites was found in the other 7 areas (polar and medial fields of prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens, tuberculum olfactorium, septum and amygdala). After repeated injections of caerulein (200 micrograms/kg, i.p., daily for 5 days), the decreases in striatal HVA and DOPAC had disappeared, while the amount of HVA had increased in the nucleus accumbens. These results suggest that peripherally administered caerulein modulates the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic DA neuron systems in the different modes of action.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1984

Serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in individual hypothalamic nuclei and other brain areas of rat.

Serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in individual nuclei of rat hypothalamus and other brain areas using HPLC with electrochemical detection. 5-HIAA levels were first demonstrated in hypothalamic and some discrete brain areas. The 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was highest in the n. caudatus putamen, high in the n. ventromedialis and lowest in the n. suprachiasmaticus.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Detection of ATP-dependent conformational change in the F1 portion and beta subunit of Escherichia coli H+-ATPase using 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate.

The bindings of ATP to Escherichia coli coupling factor ATPase (F1) and its isolated beta subunit were studied with 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate (ANS). The fluorescence of ANS increased upon addition of F1 or the beta subunit, and this fluorescence was quenched on addition of ATP. Thus, ANS bound to the hydrophobic region of F1 or the beta subunit, and the binding of ATP was detected as a quenching of ANS fluorescence. The quenching of the fluorescence suggested that F1 or the beta subunit underwent a conformational change on binding to ATP. With and without ATP, 5.0 and 3.6 mol of ANS, respectively, bound to 1 mol of F1. On the other hand, with or without ATP about 1 mol of ANS bound to beta. The fluorescence quenching was specific for ATP and was not observed with GTP or CTP. It was dependent on pH, being higher at acidic pH, but it was not enhanced by MgCl2. The dissociation constants of F1 and the beta subunit for ATP were estimated to be 10(-4)-10(-5) M. The significance of these binding sites is discussed in relation to the mechanism of the ATPase.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and characterization of rho mutants of Escherichia coli with increased transcription termination activities.

A novel type of rho mutants, rhos, with increased transcription termination activities have been isolated. A termination defective rho mutation rho-ts702 (formerly designated nitA702), which causes temperature-sensitive cell growth, was found to be dominant over the wild-type allele in relieving mutational polarity. The rhos mutations were derived as temperature-resistant revertants of rho-ts702 carried by lambda transducing phage. They exhibited dominance over rho-ts702 leading to restoration of polarity. When the rhos mutations were introduced into the Escherichia coli chromosome, they caused increased polarity in the trp and lac operons. The rhos mutants were classified into two groups in terms of their terminator specificity: The first group demonstrated increased termination efficiencies against all terminators tested, whereas the second exhibited various efficiencies, either more than or less than the normal level depending on the terminator. The cellular content of p protein in each rhos strain was significantly lower than that in the rho+ strain. Moreover, in an in vitro transcription system, purified ps proteins showed increased termination activities against the trpE pseudoterminators. These results indicate that the rhos phenotype is due to qualitative alterations, rather than quantitative increases, of the p protein. The reduced content of ps enforces the current notion that the rho gene is autogenously regulated by rho-dependent transcriptional attenuation.

Base Sequence↗