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Biomedical subjects

M Gordon

Publications and source records attributed to M Gordon.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Drugs and the aging brain.

The aging brain is more sensitive to the potentially deleterious effects of drugs used to treat common geriatric disorders. The atypical presentation of medical conditions can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and inappropriate drug prescribing. Working from a knowledge of general principles of geriatric pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, the clinician will be better attuned to the problems of prescribing for the elderly, so as to maximize beneficial therapeutic effects without compromising mental function.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Compliance with topical timolol treatment.

To determine if compliance with timolol treatment was better than compliance with pilocarpine treatment (as reported previously), we measured compliance with timolol treatment in a sample of 110 patients using an unobtrusive eyedrop medication monitor, which recorded electronically the date and time of each drug administration over a four- to six-week period. The patients administered a mean +/- S.D. of 82.7% +/- 19.0% of the prescribed timolol doses (range, 20% to 100%). Forty-five patients were treated concurrently with timolol and pilocarpine. These patients administered a mean +/- S.D. of 84.3% +/- 14.0% of the prescribed timolol doses and 77.7% +/- 18.7% of the prescribed pilocarpine doses (P = .012, van der Waerden test). Our results suggest that while compliance is influenced by the drug regimen, defaulting is not eliminated by prescribing a more convenient medication with fewer side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Delta (5)3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of the rat corpus luteum exhibits positive substrate-binding co-operativity: a continuous monitoring microdensitometric study with unfixed ovarian tissue sections.

delta (5)3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity transforms biologically inactive delta (5)3 beta hydroxy steroids into the active delta (4)3-keto products (e.g. pregnenolone to progesterone). Using a cytochemical procedure which allows for the continuous microdensitometric monitoring of an enzyme reaction as it proceeds and a well described cytochemical assay for delta (5)3 beta HSD we have analysed the initial velocity rates (Vo) for dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) binding to this enzyme in regressing (i.e. 20 alpha hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase positive) corpus luteum (CL) cells in unfixed tissue sections (5 micron) of the dioestrous and proestrous rat ovary. The results are mean +/- S.E.M. The relationship between DHEA concentration (0 to 50 microM) and delta (5)3 beta HSD activity in the dioestrous corpora lutea was sigmoidal and had an atypical 1/Vo versus 1/S plot, the x intercept being positive. Using a 1/Vo versus 1/S2 plot the Vmax was determined to be 1.0 +/- 0.08 mumol min-1 mg-1 CL (n = 6). The Hill constant was 2.7 +/- 0.02 (n = 6) suggesting a high degree of positive co-operativity for DHEA binding. The S concentration for half maximal activity was 17 +/- 1 mumoles (n = 6). In the corpora lutea cells of the proestrous ovary, the Vmax for DHEA transformation was unchanged (0.95 +/- 0.04 mumol min-1 mg-1, n = 3) whilst the S0.5 was significantly increased to 27 +/- 0.1 (p less than 0.01, n = 3). The Hill constant remained positive being 2.9 +/- 0.2 (n = 3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1987

CSF rhinorrhoeae: significance of the glucose oxidase strip test.

Many authoritative medical textbooks recommended use of glucose oxidase reagent strips to distinguish cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea from clear nasal discharge following head injury. A study of 50 subjects with clear nasal and lacrimal secretions, demonstrated a large proportion of positive results for glucose (44 per cent). Thirteen secretions (26 per cent) contained glucose in a concentration within the normal range for CSF. The recommended use of glucose oxidase test strips for differentiating CSF leakage from other clear nasal secretions is therefore without foundation.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea↗
PubMed1987

Impact of routine inquiry legislation in Oregon on eye donations.

Routine inquiry legislation can significantly affect procurement of donor eye tissues. Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) 97.268 was the first legislation of this type passed in the United States. In the first 12 months under this legislation, the Oregon Lions Eye Bank obtained, 2,312 eyes, sustaining a 135% increase in donor eye procurement over the yearly average for 1984-1985. During the first 12 months of routine inquiry, 484 corneas suitable for penetrating keratoplasty were obtained versus an annual average of 291 corneas for 1984-1985. Tissues for other transplant purposes and for research have similarly become more available. Age of donor tissue appears to be increasing slightly due to the disproportionate increase of donor eyes from the 70-or-over population. The Oregon Donor Program, the public and professional education coalition of the transplant programs in the state of Oregon, has played an invaluable role in making this penalty-free law a success.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Resistance to horizontal forces of dowel and amalgam-core restorations: a comparative study.

Four designs of amalgam-core anchorage were compared in a laboratory study for the inability to withstand the horizontal component of occlusal force. Amalgam cores were constructed for extracted teeth with either composite resin-cemented Dentatus dowels, or with Para-post or Flexi-post dowels cemented with phosphate cement. All the posts were of comparable length and diameter. These anchorage designs were compared with each other and to a self-threading (TMS) pin-retained amalgam core, by application of horizontal force and recording forces causing failure. Flexi-post-retained amalgam cores failed at a mean force of 36.5 (+/- 8.5) kg while Dentatus-retained and Para-post-retained cores failed at 41.7 (+/- 8.0) kg and 46.6 (+/- 11.4) kg, respectively. TMS-retained cores resisted forces up to a mean force of 53.5 (+/- 4.5) kg. Patterns of failure varied widely among these groups. Composite resin-cemented Dentatus dowels were retained in the tooth in nine out of ten samples, while none of the ten Flexi-post dowels and only one of the ten Para-post dowels did so. Tooth fracture on failure occurred in seven out of ten Flexi-post-retained cores, while only three out of ten of the Para-post-retained cores and none of the Dentatus dowel-retained cores presented this unrepairable type of failure. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1987

Oral tolerance in protein-deprived mice. II. Evidence of normal 'gut processing' of ovalbumin, but suppressor cell deficiency, in deprived mice.

The induction of oral tolerance for DTH responses to ovalbumin is impaired in protein-deprived mice. This may be via the effects of protein malnutrition on short-lived Ts cells, but an alternative explanation is that the gut handling of antigen is abnormal. We have attempted to transfer tolerance from protein-deprived and control mice to naive recipients by using spleen cells, collected 7 days after an OVA feed at a time when Ts cells should be present, or by using serum, collected 1 hr after feeding, which should contain tolerogenic, 'gut-processed' antigen. Suppression of DTH was transferred with 7-day spleen cells and with 1-hr serum from normal, protein-sufficient mice. Mice that received spleen cells from protein-deprived donors were not tolerant, but suppression was readily transferred with serum from deprived mice, indicating that their capacity for intestinal antigen processing was normal. Furthermore, the quantity of absorbed antigen in the serum 1 hr after feeding was similar in both protein-deprived and normal groups. The results obtained are consistent with the hypothesis that short-term protein deprivation depletes a population of short-lived Ts cells which control DTH oral tolerance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Postoperative complications necessitating right lower lobectomy in a heart-lung transplant recipient with previous sternotomy.

Heart-lung transplantation for treatment of end-stage cardiopulmonary disease continues to be plagued by many problems. Three primary ones are the technical difficulties that can be encountered, particularly in those patients who have undergone previous cardiac operations, the additional restriction on donor availability imposed by the lack of satisfactory preservation techniques, and the need for lung size compatibility. Two of these difficulties and others surfaced postoperatively in a heart-lung transplant recipient who presented a series of unique operative and therapeutic challenges. A 42-year-old woman with chronic pulmonary hypertension and previous atrial septal defect repair underwent a heart-lung transplantation in August 1985. The operative procedure was expectedly complicated by bleeding from extensive mediastinal adhesions from the previous sternotomy and bronchial collateralization. Excessive chest tube drainage postoperatively necessitated reoperation to control bleeding from a right bronchial artery tributary. Phrenic nerve paresis, hepatomegaly, and marked abdominal distention caused persistent atelectasis and eventual right lower lobe collapse. Arteriovenous shunting and low oxygen saturation necessitated right lower lobectomy 15 days after transplantation, believed to be the first use of this procedure in a heart-lung graft recipient. Although oxygenation improved dramatically, continued ventilatory support led to tracheostomy. An intensive, psychologically oriented physical therapy program was initiated to access and retrain intercostal and accessory muscles. The tracheostomy cannula was removed after 43 days and gradual weaning from supplemental oxygen was accomplished. During this protracted recovery period, an episode of rejection was also encountered and successfully managed with steroid therapy. The patient continued to progress satisfactorily and was discharged 83 days after transplantation. She is well and active 20 months after discharge.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Implementation of nursing diagnoses. An overview.

Widespread interest in nursing diagnosis, its incorporation in most nursing textbooks, and the increasing amount of published research suggest that nurses are finding nursing diagnoses useful in clinical reasoning and judgment. Implementation is important for this reason and, as discussed, for professional, legal, and ethical reasons. Additional reasons for implementation relate to activities supporting or evaluating nursing care. Consistency of the nursing focus is important in both direct and indirect care activities. As nursing diagnosis-based planning of care is implemented, consideration has to be given to the use of diagnosis-based documentation systems, quality assurance programs, staffing, and other support or evaluative activities. Great progress has been made in the classification of nursing diagnoses since the 1970s but much still remains to be done. The role of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association in this work has been briefly summarized.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Oral tolerance in protein-deprived mice. I. Profound antibody tolerance but impaired DTH tolerance after antigen feeding.

We have examined the effects of protein deprivation on the induction of oral tolerance for systemic antibody and DTH responses to the protein antigen ovalbumin (OVA). Mice were fed 4% or 24% protein diets from weaning and given a single feed of OVA 2 weeks later (short-term deprivation) or after 10 weeks (long-term deprivation). Tolerance for serum antibody responses was more profound in protein-deprived animals than in 24% protein-fed control groups. Conversely, tolerance for DTH responses was impaired in protein-deprived mice. This was demonstrated both for short-term deprivation, where nutritional rehabilitation after OVA feeding was necessary to demonstrate this effect on DTH, and for long-term deprivation. Furthermore, the effect of short-term deprivation on tolerance for DTH responses was similar to that observed after cyclophosphamide pretreatment of OVA-fed mice. Protein deprivation has disparate effects on the humoral and cell-mediated limbs of oral tolerance, and our results support the hypothesis that this regime selectively depletes a population of suppressor T cells responsible for the fine control of DTH tolerance.

Administration, Oral↗