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Biomedical subjects

M Goldman

Publications and source records attributed to M Goldman.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Matching-to-sample and oddity-from-sample in goldfish.

Acquisition of three-alternative simultaneous matching-to-sample and oddity-from-sample was investigated. Five goldfish were trained on matching and five on oddity for a minimum of 70 days. Subsequently, six of the fish were trained for 70 days on the other task. Acquisition was similar for oddity and matching. Correct responding started at about chance level and slowly increased to about 75%, with some animals performing at levels of over 85%. Acquisition of oddity following matching and matching following oddity began below chance. Maximal level of performance on second-task oddity was comparable to that on first-task matching. By contrast, the maximal levels of performance when matching was the second task were not as high as that of the same subjects at the end of first-task oddity. All fish exhibited strong color preferences during matching acquisition but not during oddity acquisition. The data demonstrated that goldfish can acquire a discrimination in which the stimulus associated with reinforcement depends on the identity of a second stimulus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Poly-HEMA sponge: a biocompatible calcification implant.

Poly-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (Poly-HEMA) was investigated for biocompatibility and calcification potential. S.C. and I.M. implants and transplants to subperiosteal sites were examined. The material was judged to be tolerated by the host tissue since no inflammatory or degenerative changes were observed. This study established that calcification does occur. This calcification does not simulate bone formation; osteoblasts were not observed. The x-ray diffraction pattern resembles that of calcium hydroxyapatite.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1978

Computer-aided measurement of breath volume and time components using magnetometers.

A computer-assisted method is developed for analyzing volume and time components of individual breaths using a previously developed magnetometer method for recording anteroposterior (AP) diameters of rib cage and abdomen. Calibration constants for the magnetometer system are computed during simultaneous measurements of airflow at the mouth for several breaths during spontaneous breathing. Tidal volume and inspiratory and expiratory times can then be computed from the magnetometer signals alone, without imposing respiratory devices at the subject's airway. No respiratory isovolume maneuvers are necessary. Results from normal subjects and from one patient with bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis show that the magnetometer analysis is closely comparable to standard measurements made from airflow recordings. The magnetometer technique thus provides an accurate means of measuring volume and time components of breathing in man, avoiding the behavioral or reflex effects induced by mouthpiece, nose clip, or face mask. Because no special respiratory maneuvers are required for calibration, the technique will be well suited to the study of breathing in those who are ill.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Effect of vasectomy on thyroid function.

Long-Evans rats vasectomized unilaterally or bilaterally at 2 months of age showed marked reductions in weight of testes, seminal vesicles and prostate glands 2 and 12 months post-vasectomy. Thyroid weight, thyroid 131I uptake, serum PB131I, circulating levels of serum T4 and chromatographic analysis of thyroid hydrolysates revealed no alterations due to vasectomy. These findings indicate that vasectomy, unilateral or bilateral, and whether of 2 or 12 months duration, did not exert an effect on thyroid function.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Tissue response to silicone rubber when used as a root canal filling.

To test the tissue compatibility of silicone rubber when it is used as a root canal filler, excess material was intentionally forced into the apical tissues in primates. The tissue response was one of general acceptance, with the usual response being fibrotic encapsulation. A low degree of inflammation was noted. Further studies are in progress.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Apical hard-tissue deposition in adult teeth of monkeys with use of calcium hydroxide.

The anterior teeth of five adult monkeys were divided into two groups. In one group the pulps were removed and the teeth were left open to oral fluids. The other group had vital pulps. Five teeth were designated as controls. The pulp canals of both groups were debrided, filed, and flushed thoroughly. In the two experimental groups (vital and pulpless), the apical third of the canal was filled with Ca(OH)2. In the control group no medication was placed in the canal. The coronal access of the canals of all groups was sealed with amalgam. After 270 to 330 days, the teeth were sectioned and examined histologically. No apical bridging was observed in any group.

Animals↗