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Biomedical subjects

M Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to M Fujii.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Clinical and statistical studies on male infertility and follow-up studies for pregnancy (II)].

Clinical and statistical studies were carried out on 369 infertile male patients who are increasing year by year visiting our clinic during the 3 years from January 1978 to December 1980. If divided into 5-year age groups, the highest frequency occurred in the 30 to 34 year-old age group. In the semen analysis, 23.8% of the patients showed azoospermia, and 48.5% oligozoospermia; the testicular volumes of these patients was generally small. Pathological examinations of their testis revealed germinal cell aplasia or hypospermatogenesis. In the hormonal examinations performed, serum LH and FSH levels in azoospermic and oligozoospermic patients showed a tendency to be higher than normal. Follow-up studies for pregnancy were performed on 242 cases. Among the 108 cases which we were able to study, 30 cases were able to give successful pregnancy, 17 of whom had been treated by clomiphene citrate, 2 by testosterone-clomiphene therapy, and 11 were untreated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Fiber connections between the thalamic posterior lateral nucleus and the cingulate gyrus in the cat.

Wheat germ agglutinin and horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA-HRP) was injected into the anterior part of the cat cingular area as designated by Rose and Woolsey. This produced ipsilaterally numerous labeled neurons and fibers in the lateral marginal band of the rostral part of the thalamic posterior lateral nucleus (LP), where hypothalamic afferents terminate. Other fiber connections with the thalamic intralaminar and midline nuclei suggest that the anterior part of the cingular area corresponds with the anterior cingulate gyrus of the primate.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of concanavalin A-induced phosphatidylinositol turnover and lysosomal enzyme release by cyclic AMP-elevating agents in rat peritoneal macrophages.

When rat peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A), phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover was rapidly induced and concomitantly N-acetylglucosaminidase was released. These two reactions were markedly inhibited by prostaglandin E1, which elevated the cellular cyclic AMp levels. This effect was mimicked by dibutyryl cyclic AMP. These results suggest that the elevation of the cellular cyclic AMP levels might play a role in the inhibition of the early stages of Con A-induced activation of macrophages through the inhibition of PI turnover.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1983

Significance of testicular size measurement in andrology. I. A new orchiometer and its clinical application.

When performing a physical examination in the andrology clinic, accurate measurement of testicular size is important. Two methods for measuring testicular size have been developed using calipers for measurement and comparison with plastic testicular models. We have developed a new orchiometer, which consists of a graded series of punched-out elliptical rings with the volume of the ellipsoids indicated on each ring. Testicular sizes measured by our orchiometer had a better correlation with real testicular size determined by water displacement of testes after castration when compared with those data obtained by using calipers. By the use of this orchiometer, the normal range of the adult testicular size was greater than 14 ml in Japan and greater than 17 ml in the United States. This orchiometer is valuable for the rapid and accurate assessment of sexual maturation in children and men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Carcinogenicity examination of betel quid. II. Effect of vitamin A deficiency on rats fed semipurified diet containing betel nut and calcium hydroxide.

The effect of vitamin A deficiency on the carcinogenicity of betel quid was studied, using long-term feeding of vitamin-A-deficient and -sufficient diets with and without betel nut and calcium hydroxide in ACI rats. A high incidence of focal epithelial hyperplasia was observed in the upper digestive tract (tongue, buccal oral mucosa, esophagus, and forestomach) of rats in the group given the vitamin-A-deficient diet mixed with betel nut and calcium hydroxide. The vitamin-A-deficient group also showed a high incidence of squamous papilloma in the tongue, buccal mucosa, and forestomach. The incidence of hyperplastic lesions of the tongue and buccal oral mucosa was significantly higher in this group than in the group receiving the vitamin-A-sufficient diet with betel nut and calcium hydroxide. These results suggest that the vitamin-A-deficient condition enhanced the growth of epithelial hyperplasia that was due to the administration of the betel quid ingredients. However, vitamin A did not protect against the development of altered liver cell foci, which were frequently seen with a small number of hepatocellular neoplasms in all groups given the diets containing betel nut and calcium hydroxide (both vitamin-A-deficient and -sufficient groups).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Human major psoas muscle and sacrospinalis muscle in relation to age: a study by computed tomography.

The size and density of the major psoas and sacrospinalis muscles in humans were measured in vivo by X-ray computed tomography to determine the relationship of age and sex of these two muscles. Measurements of 44 men and 52 women clarified patterns of development and aging. Differences due to age were significant in the density of both muscles. There existed also a difference between the sexes in the size of the two muscles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Molecular cloning of a thermostable neutral protease gene from Bacillus stearothermophilus in a vector plasmid and its expression in Bacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus subtilis.

The structural gene for a thermostable protease from Bacillus stearothermophilus was cloned in plasmid pTB90. It is expressed in both B. stearothermophilus and Bacillus subtilis. B. stearothermophilus carrying the recombinant plasmid produced about 15-fold more protease (310 U/mg of cell dry weight) than did the wild-type strain of B. stearothermophilus. Some properties of the proteases that have been purified from the transformants of B. stearothermophilus and B. subtilis were examined. No significant difference was observed among the enzyme properties studied here despite the difference in host cells. We found that the protease, neutral in pH characteristics and with a molecular weight of 36,000, retained about 80% of its activity even after treatment of 65 degrees C for 30 min.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1983

[Seasonal variation of circulatory and sensory functions during immersion test in cold water].

For early diagnosis of vibration syndrome, peripheral circulation and sensory tests after cold water immersion of the upper extremities are being performed widely in Japan. The authors studied the seasonal effect on the immersion test and its influence on diagnosis of vibration syndrome. Eight healthy male subjects, aged from 28 to 39, were examined. The immersion tests were conducted in winter (February), spring (May), summer (August) and autumn (November) in Ube city, Japan (Table 1). The room temperatures were maintained at 10 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C during the tests at each season. As to the exposure-to-cold test, the left hand of subject was immersed in stirred water at 10 degrees C for ten minutes, and the changes of peripheral circulatory function and sensory function were measured. Peripheral circulatory function was assessed by the skin temperature of middle finger and the value of the nail press test on the index finger. Sensory function was assessed by 125 Hz vibratory sense threshold and pain threshold of the middle finger. The finger skin temperature was lower in autumn and winter, followed by spring, and highest in summer. In particular, the finger skin temperature in autumn was lower than that in winter at the condition of room temperature at 30 degrees C, which is considered to be less effected by heat content in the body (Fig. 1, Table 3). The frequency of the appearance of cold induced vasodilation was also lower in autumn than that in winter (Table 2). These findings suggest that the tonus of the vasoconstrictor in the skin vessels of finger is strongest in autumn, followed by winter. It is also suggested that the tonus remains slightly strong in spring and is weakest in summer. Furthermore, the seasonal variations in the value of the nail press test, vibratory sense threshold and pain threshold were observed at some points of measuring time during immersion test (Figs. 2-4). Of these, the variations in the value of the nail press test and vibratory sense threshold were considered to be secondary to the seasonal variation of peripheral circulatory function (Fig.6). The variation in pain threshold was considered to result from paresthesia developing in the lower room temperature at 10 degrees C. The pain of finger during immersion test was also effected by season but the range of variation was not significant (Fig.5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cardiac beat-to-beat variation as an indicator of neuropathy and the frequency of its abnormality in diabetes mellitus.

The cardiac beat-to-beat variation and the maximum constriction velocity and acceleration of the pupillary light reflex have been considered indices of parasympathetic neuropathy. The abnormality of these indices was evaluated in 191 non-diabetics and 151 diabetics. The cardiac beat-to-beat variation decreased gradually with age in non-diabetics as well as diabetics. It was small in diabetics compared to non-diabetics in corresponding age group between 10 and 59 years. In diabetics it was still smaller in the presence of peripheral neuropathy than in its absence. The overall prevalence of this abnormality was 30.1% in diabetics but only 3.0% in non-diabetics. In diabetics it rose to 40.0, 42.6 and 52.2% in the presence of motor, sensory and motor plus sensory nerve neuropathy, respectively. In 63 diabetics examined for both cardiac beat-to-beat variation and pupillary light reflex, no statistical difference was observed between the frequency of these abnormalities. These observations indicate an extremely high prevalence of abnormality in autonomic nerve function in diabetics especially in the presence of abnormality in autonomic nerve function in diabetics especially in the presence of other types of neuropathy, so that diabetics with peripheral neuropathy should be carefully examined for autonomic neuropathy and vice versa. Besides, the measurement of the cardiac beat-to-beat variation is similar in sensitivity in the detection of neuropathy to the measurement of pupillary light reflex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Combination chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung: evaluation of four-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and procarbazine.

Forty-one patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a four-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and procarbazine. The response rate was 68% (28 responded among 41 patients), with 10 complete responses (24%) and 18 partial responses (44%). The median survival time from the initiation of chemotherapy was 11 months for patients with limited disease and 8 months for those with extensive disease. Patients who achieved complete response survived significantly longer than those who did not; the median survival time for complete responders was 14.5 months, compared to 8.5 months for partial responders and 6 months for non-responders. Myelosuppressive toxicity remained within acceptable limits, with 5% incidence of leukocytopenia (less than 1,000/microliter) and 7% incidence of thrombocytopenia (less than 50,000/microliter) following the first course of the regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Vasoactive and beta-adrenoceptor blocking properties of 3,4-dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino) propoxy-3-nitroxy-2H-1-benzopyran (K-351), a new antihypertensive agent.

Single oral administration of K-351 showed a long lasting antihypertensive action in spontaneously hypertensive rats, accompanied by slight bradycardia. K-351 reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures almost to the same degree. K-351 showed a competitive antagonistic effect on norepinephrine-induced contraction of isolated canine blood vessels. This alpha-adrenoceptor blocking action of K-351 was about 5 times less potent than that of phentolamine. Furthermore, K-351 produced a nitroglycerin-like relaxant action on isolated blood vessels previously contracted with high K+. K-351 showed a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking action in isolated guinea-pig atrium and trachea, and its action was about 2 times more potent than that of propranolol. K-351 did not show an intrinsic sympathomimetic action. In anesthethized dogs, low doses of K-351 reduced the heart rate and antagonized the positive chronotropic and hypotensive responses to isoproterenol. In higher doses, K-351 lowered the blood pressure and showed an antagonistic action on the pressor response to phenylephrine. The desnitro compound of K-351 was deprived of vasoactive properties on isolated blood vessels and hypotensive activity. Results have revealed that K-351 has both beta-adrenoceptor blocking and vasoactive properties which may result in an antihypertensive effect without reflex tachycardia in hypertensive animals.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on a neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for head and neck cancer].

A neo-adjuvant chemotherapy as a preoperative and preradiation chemotherapy was studied in 60 cases of the head and neck cancers. Out of 60, 29 cases were treated with peplomycin (PEP) and 31 with combination chemotherapies which include vincristine (VCR), methotrexate (MTX), bleomycin (BLM), mitomycin C (MMC); VCR, MTX, BLM (Mathé); VCR, MTX, BLM, 5-FU, hydrocortisone (Price-Hill A); hydoxyurea, adriamycin, BLM; VCR, MTX, PEP; cisplatin (CPDD), PEP. In the group treated with PEP, CR was achieved in one case and PR in 14 cases with a response rate of 52%. Five-year survival by Kaplan-Meier's method after all treatment was 34%. In the group treated with combination chemotherapy, CR was achieved in 5 cases and PR in 19 cases with a response rate of 77%. Three-year survival of this group was 82%. Responders to PEP as well as combination chemotherapy were more often rendered disease-free after all treatment than non-responders. We concluded that two courses of VMP therapy (VCR, MTX, PEP) would be appropriate for the outpatients with advanced stage I or stage II, meanwhile two courses of CP therapy (CPDD, PEP) was inpatients with stage III or stage IV as a neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗