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Biomedical subjects

M Fabri

Publications and source records attributed to M Fabri.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

D-[3H]aspartate retrograde labelling of callosal and association neurones of somatosensory areas I and II of cats.

Experiments were carried out on cats to ascertain whether corticocortical neurones of somatosensory areas I (SI) and II (SII) could be labelled by retrograde axonal transport of D-[3H]aspartate (D-[3H]Asp). This tritiated enantiomer of the amino acid aspartate is (1) taken up selectively by axon terminals of neurones releasing aspartate and/or glutamate as excitatory neurotransmitter, (2) retrogradely transported and accumulated in perikarya, (3) not metabolized, and (4) visualized by autoradiography. A solution of D-[3H]Asp was injected in eight cats in the trunk and forelimb zones of SI (two cats) or in the forelimb zone of SII (six cats). In order to compare the labelling patterns obtained with D-[3H]Asp with those resulting after injection of a nonselective neuronal tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was delivered mixed with the radioactive tracer in seven of the eight cats. Furthermore, six additional animals received HRP injections in SI (three cats; trunk and forelimb zones) or SII (three cats; forelimb zone). D-[3H]Asp retrograde labelling of perikarya was absent from the ipsilateral thalamus of all cats injected with the radioactive tracer but a dense terminal plexus of anterogradely labelled corticothalamic fibres from SI and SII was observed, overlapping the distribution area of thalamocortical neurones retrogradely labelled with HRP from the same areas. D-[3H]Asp-labelled neurones were present in ipsilateral SII (SII-SI association neurones) in cats injected in SI. In these animals a bundle of radioactive fibres was observed in the rostral portion of the corpus callosum entering the contralateral hemisphere. There, neurones retrogradely labelled with silver grains were present in SI (SI-SI callosal neurones). Association and callosal neurones labelled from SI showed a topographical distribution similar to that of neurones retrogradely labelled with HRP. The laminar patterns of corticocortical neurones labelled with D-[3H]Asp or with HRP were also similar, with one exception. In the inner half of layer II, SII-SI association neurones and SI-SI callosal neurones labelled with the radioactive marker were much less numerous than those labelled with HRP. In cats injected in SII, D-[3H]Asp retrogradely labelled cells were present in ipsilateral SI (SI-SII association neurones). Their topographical and laminar distribution overlapped that of neurones labelled with HRP but, as in cats injected in SI, association neurones labelled with silver grains were unusually rare in the inner layer III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Callosal projections from area SII to SI in monkeys: anatomical organization and comparison with association projections.

The present research was aimed at ascertaining in the macaque monkey the reciprocity of the heterotopical callosal connections between SI and SII, with particular regard to the connectivity of the hand representation, and at comparing the topographical and laminar pattern of these callosal connections with those of association connections entertained by these areas. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was unilaterally injected into area SI in five monkeys. The sites of HRP delivery included the trunk and the hand zones preliminarily identified by recording multi-unit responses to peripheral stimulation by means of microelectrodes. Anterograde and retrograde labelling was studied in SII of both sides. The results showed the complete reciprocity of the heterotopical callosal connections between SI and SII. In the latter area both callosal axon terminals and neurones were found, which were labelled from either the trunk or the hand zone of contralateral SI. Labelling of callosal axon terminals occurred mainly in layer IV and in the lowermost part of layer III. Labelled callosal neurones were mainly in the lower half of layer III, whereas few occurred in infragranular layers. Topographically, the distribution of callosal terminals and cell bodies duplicated the distribution of association terminals and cell bodies labelled in SII on the side ipsilateral to HRP injection. The laminar pattern of termination of association fibres from SI was similar to that of callosal fibres. However, the distribution of association-projecting neurones in SII showed a striking difference from that of callosal-projecting neurones. Unlike the latter neurones, which were mainly located in supragranular layers, association cell bodies overwhelmingly dwelt in layers V and VI and were less numerous in layers II and III. This laminar pattern of association SII-SI cells corresponds to the "feed-backward" model and fits the laminar pattern of their axon terminations (Friedman: Brain Res. 273: 147-151, '83). The association and callosal inputs and outputs of area SII are discussed in relation to the function of the forward and backward type of reciprocal connections entertained with SI in the ipsilateral hemisphere and to the function of SII in the interhemispheric exchange of somatosensory information.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

D-[3H]aspartate retrograde labelling of association neurones in area SI of the cat.

Injection of D-[3H]aspartate into area SII of cats retrogradely labelled association cells in area SI. Numerous intensely labelled cells were found in layer II and in the upper layer III but labelling was scanty in other layers. In contrast, association neurones labelled by horseradish peroxidase injected in area SII mixed with the radioactive marker were also numerous in the other sublaminae of layer III and in infragranular layers of SI. Association neurones of the outer laminae of this area are likely to use aspartate and/or glutamate as neurotransmitter(s).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Bilateral receptive fields and callosal connectivity of the body midline representation in the first somatosensory area of primates.

Experiments were performed in order to study the receptive field (RF) organization and the callosal connectivity of the trunk representation zone in areas 3b and 1 of the postcentral cortex of macaque monkeys. Multiunit microelectrode recordings showed that neurons responding to tactile stimulation of bilateral RFs across the midline of the body were contained in three topographically distinct zones of the trunk map. In one zone, at the junction between cytoarchitectonic areas 3b and 1, RFs straddled the dorsal midline of the trunk. In the other two zones, one located caudally in area 1 in front of the postcentral dimple, and the other rostrally in area 3b in the depth of the posterior bank of the central sulcus, RFs straddled the ventral midline of the trunk. The first one and the other two zones are referred to here as the dorsal and the ventral midline representation zones, respectively. Elsewhere in the trunk map, neurons responded only to stimulation of contralateral RFs. The callosal connectivity of the trunk map was studied by means of the transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Multiple injections of HRP in electrophysiologically identified sites of the trunk representation in one hemisphere labeled both callosal fiber terminals and callosally projecting neurons in the contralateral homotopic cortex. Dense patches of callosal neurons intensely labeled with HRP were present in the cortical regions representing the body midlines and were distributed for the most part in layer III. Some neurons lightly labeled with HRP were scattered in other zones of the trunk map. Callosal terminations were densest within the midline zones and very sparse or absent in the lateral trunk zones. Correlation of physiological and anatomical data obtained either separately or from the same animal demonstrated that cortical regions containing bilateral-field neurons also contained the highest density of labeled callosal terminations and neurons. This correlation suggests a role for the corpus callosum in the perception of the body midline, either by generating the bilateral RFs of these neurons or by coordinating the activity of the regions containing neurons with thalamically generated bilateral RFs.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone therapy for advanced endometrial carcinoma.

We have studied the response rates and survival of a group of 93 patients with Stage III or IV endometrial adenocarcinoma after random allocation to therapy with tamoxifen (TAM) 20 mg twice daily (n = 45) or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 1 g/wk intramuscularly (n = 48). The patients were examined every 4 months. In the non-responders and in those who relapsed, combination therapy with TAM and MPA was given. Twenty-four of 45 (53.4%) responded to TAM alone, 27 of 48 (56.2%) responded to MPA alone. Of the responders 23 later relapsed in the TAM group and 24 in the MPA group and of these 14 (60.8%) and 15 (62.5%), respectively, responded to the combination therapy. Of the original 21 non-responders to MPA alone, 10 responded to the combination (47.6%) and 11 (52.4%) did not; the comparable figures for the TAM alone group were 13 (61.9%) and 8 (38.1%), respectively. Survival rates were much higher in the differentiated than in the undifferentiated carcinomas. In conclusion, we feel that the efficacy, and the few side-effects of these drugs used alone and particularly when used in sequential combination, make them a very attractive treatment for advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Clinical and histopathological review of 24 cases of sarcoma of the corpus uteri.

The Authors report their experience in 24 cases of sarcoma of the corpus uteri observed between 1971 and 1981. After pointing out that their experiences confirm the extreme rareness of these neoplastic forms they dwell on diagnostic, prognostic and histologic criteria of classification and conclude that sarcomas of the corpus uteri - mostly leiomyosarcomas - of fibromatous origin - are always potentially very malignant with low 5-year survival rates despite combined treatment with surgery + radiotherapy + antiblastic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Heterosynaptic facilitation and behavioral sensitization are inhibited by lowering endogenous cAMP in Aplysia.

An adenylate cyclase inhibitor, RMI 12330A, is able to depress cAMP synthesis stimulated by serotonin in the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia depilans and punctata. This substance reversibly blocked the heterosynaptic facilitation, induced by activation of serotonergic pathways, of the EPSP recorded from L7 motoneuron in abdominal ganglion after electrical stimulation of the siphon nerve. RMI 12330A, injected into whole unrestrained animals, inhibited the short-term dishabituation of the siphon withdrawal reflex. These findings demonstrate that the increase of endogenous cAMP in the sensory neurons mediating the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex is an essential step in the mechanism of potentiation of the transmitter output underlying heterosynaptic facilitation and short-term behavioral sensitization.

Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of aminopenicillins in hospitals and outpatient facilities].

INTRODUCTION: Ampicillins are thought to be the most widely used antibiotics. Although ampicillin is included in the WHO list of essential drugs, its per-oral administration is not recommended, whereas amoxicillin is recommended due to its identical antimicrobial spectrum and better pharmacokinetic characteristics. Instead, per oral form of amoxicillin is recommended because of its identical antimicrobial spectrum and better pharmacokinetic characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Drug utilization evaluation of aminopenicillins (ampicillin and amoxcillin) was performed at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases. Clinical Center of Novi Sad and in the Outpatient Health Care Center, Novi Sad "Liman" (Department of General Practice Children's Health Care Department and Ear, Nose and Throat Department) during one calendar month in the year 2000. RESULTS: The use of aminopenicillin was 5.1 Defined Daily Doses per 100 bed-days (5.1 DDD/100 BD) at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases. Ampicillin was used in 37.64% of patients and amoxicillin in 13.13%. In Outpatient Health Care Center (OHCC), Department of General Practice, aminopenicillins were prescribed in 1.02 Defined Daily Doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DDD/1000 inh/day); ampicillin being prescribed in 24.51% and amoxicillin in 75.49%, and it is an optimal ratio. In Children's Health Care Department, OHCC, in children older than 14 years, aminopenicillins were prescribed in 0.37 pediatric DDD/1000 inh/day (ampicillin 40.5%, amoxicillin 59.5%). In the same department, in the age group between 3 and 14 years it was 0.31 pediatric DDD/1000 inh/day (ampicillin 22.5%, amoxicillin 77.5%), while in the age group from 1 to 3 years there were 0.006 pediatric DDD/1000 inh/day prescribed (amoxicillin 100%). At the Ear, Nose and Throat Department, OHCC aminopenicillins were prescribed in 0.02 DDD/1000 inh/day (amoxicillin 100%). CONCLUSIONS: Our research showed a change in habits in regard to prescriptions towards the recommended protocol. Oral administration of ampicillin has decreased, especially in comparison to the earlier period in which it had dominated in our primary health care.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results of 132 PTFE (Gore-Tex) bifurcated graft implantations.

One hundred and thirty-two PTFE bifurcated prosthetic grafts were implanted during the course of a bicentre study conducted at the abovenamed institutions from 1982 to 1986. The study included 118 males and 14 females with an average age of 62 years. One hundred and eighteen patients suffered from aorto-iliac occlusive disease and 14 from abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Five patients had already undergone previous surgery (redo operations), with extirpation of thrombosed Dacron prostheses. Proximal end to end anastomoses were fashioned in 94 cases (71.2%), while end to side anastomoses were performed in 38 cases (28.8%). The distal anastomoses were to the iliac arteries in 11 cases, the common femoral artery in 89 cases and the deep femoral artery in 32 cases.

Aorta, Abdominal↗