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Biomedical subjects

M Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to M Eriksson.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Abuse of alcohol, drugs and tobacco during pregnancy--consequences for the child.

There is an increasing awareness that alcohol and drug abuse and smoking are not only harmful for the consumer but will also, when taken by a pregnant woman, adversely affect her unborn child. The consequence of the abuse will result from a combination of specific toxic effects of abusing substances and a nonspecific effect from the often very unstable environment of an alcohol- or drug-dependent mother. Poor prenatal care is a common finding in alcohol and drug abuse leading to a high incidence of complications during pregnancy and delivery including premature labor and small-for-gestational-age babies. An increased perinatal mortality has been reported following all types of abuse including tobacco use, probably as a consequence of poor prenatal care as well as of a toxic effect on the fetus. Withdrawal symptoms after birth are most prominent in opiate addiction. The already intrauterinely damaged child will if it stays with its parents often continue to be exposed to several abverse environmental factors. However, symptoms such as mental retardation following alcohol abuse and hyperactivity and emotional disturbances following drug exposure during intrauterine life have also been found in children who have been taken from the parents and placed in foster homes immediately after birth. This means that children of abusing parents both in their custody and in foster home will have to be regarded as risk children that should be subjected to careful medical and psychological follow-up.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1979

Morphologic and chemical variation of the kidney lesions in amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis.

The kidneys of 20 patients who died of secondary systemic amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis were studied histologically, and four of these were shown to have an uncommon pattern of deposition with almost no glomerular involvement but heavy deposits in the outer zone of the medulla. In three of the four patients frozen tissue was available. Immunochemical characterization of amyloid fibrils from these three cases showed that the major subunit amyloid fibril protein was protein AA, typical of secondary amyloidosis. Gel chromatography of fibrils revealed an uncommon elution pattern with two retarded major protein peaks. Both these proteins showed immunologic identity with protein AA and had N-terminal amino acid sequences identical with that protein but differed in size obviously due to a shortening of the C-terminal in one of the proteins. The reason for the correlation between the pattern of deposition of amyloid and alterations in protein AA is unclear but might be due to variations in enzymes responsible for the cleavage of the amyloid fibril subunit precursor protein SAA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1978

Longterm follow-up of neonatal septicemia.

The longterm prognosis of neonatal septicemia during the first four weeks of life has been estimated. Of 90 infants with the diagnosis of neonatal septicemia during a five-year period, 1969--1973, 65 infants survived the initial treatment. Another two infants died with complications of their main disease, intestinal atresia, at the age of two months. Thus the total mortality in neonatal septicemia in this series was 30%. The remaining 63 children have been investigated between ages of 2 1/2 and 6 1/2 years. Of these 63 children we have found 14 children (22% of the surviving) with handicaps where the septicemia can be regarded as a possible cause of the handicap. Of these 14 children only six had an "uncomplicated" septicemia while four of them had meningitis and four had osteomyelitis. Furthermore, of the 14 handicapped children nine were delivered preterm (28--36 weeks) and all of them had one or more additional neonatal diagnoses than septicemia. The prognosis, both immediate and longterm, of neonatal septicemia in the present series compares favourably to most international studies. The importance of early detection together with an aggresive treatment of the septicemia is stressed and is considered as the main reason for the good prognosis.

Child↗
PubMed1978

The influence of amphetamine addiction on pregnancy and the newborn infant.

The influence of amphetamine addiction on pregnancy and the newborn infant has been studied retrospectively in 23 cases. Six of the mothers claimed to have discontinued their abuse in early pregnancy, while the remaining 17 mothers continued throughout. In comparison with the average number of visits by pregnant Swedish women to maternal health centres, the 17 women who continued their abuse made significantly fewer visits, although there was a wide variation. Complications related to pregnancy and delivery were few, however. One child with a myelomeningocele was stillborn. Six children were preterm and three small for gestational age. Two full-term children were extremely drowsy and in need of tube feeding, symptoms that might be due to the maternal abuse. Eight of the ten mothers, who had previous children placed in foster homes by the Social Welfare Department, left the hospital with their newborn infant in their care as well as all the eleven primiparae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hypervitaminosis a in early human pregnancy and malformations of the central nervous system.

A case of malformations of the fetal central nervous system following hypervitaminosis A in early pregnancy is reported. The mother was treated with 150 000 IU vitamin A daily during gestation days 19 to 40. Determination of urinary oestriol carried out in the 42nd week of pregnancy revealed a very low excretion (4.2-6.6) mumol/24 h). Induced delivery resulted in a microcephalic child who died after 18 min. The child had multiple malformations of the central nervous system and very small adrenal glands (1.5 g; normal 11 +/- 4 g). The very low urinary oestriol excretion is well explained by the hypoplastic adrenals, which in turn can be related to insufficient ACTH stimulation, a condition similar to anencephaly. The malformations shown in the present case are considered to be related to the high doses of vitamin A given to the mother, and the authors wish to warn against uncritical use of high doses of vitamin A in whomen of childbearing age.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Absorption of phenoxymethylpenicillin in children. The influence of age, state of disease and pharmaceutical preparation.

The bioavailability of phenoxymethylpenicillin (pc V) was determined in children with upper respiratory infection (age 1 month-5 years) following the administration of different commercial preparations of pc V. Administration of potassium pc V in water solution resulted in a significantly higher plasma concentration than the same dose of potassium pc V in an oil vehicle. There was no difference in absorption between tablet and mixture (the water solution) when potassium pc V was given, but with calcium pc V lower plasma levels were found after the oil mixture form than after the tablets. The results indicate that the oil mixture form and not the type of salt is responsible for the decreased absorption observed after some preparations of pc V. The absorption of solutions of potassium and calcium pc V was also examined in two different age groups, 1--5 months and 6 months-5 years. For both preparations the younger children obtained higher plasma levels. In 4 children with coeliac disease a decreased absorption compared to control children was found of potassium pc V in solution and this was most pronounced when the oil vehicle was used.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Hyperthyroidism from thyroid metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A nontender goiter rapidly developed in a 54-year-old patient with suspected disseminated carcinoma. Thyroid function tests showed increased thyroxine, triiodothyronine resin uptake, free thyroxine index, and free thyroxine. Radioactive iodine uptake by the gland was near zero, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was undetectable. Histologic examination of the thyroid before and after death showed invasion and disruption of the thyroid follicles by adenocarcinoma (pancreatic primary). Release of thyroglobulin by follicular disruption probably resulted in hyperthyroxinemia and suppression of TSH and radioactive iodine uptake, as occurs in subacute thyroiditis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

The gastrointestinal absorption of penicillin V in children with suspected coeliac disease.

The gastrointestinal absorption of penicillin V (pc-V) was investigated in 6 children, 6-12 months old, with suspected coeliac disease. The diagnosis was set after small bowel biopsy and absorption tests of vitamin A and d-xylose. As control groups served 7 children with diarrhoea but with normal small bowel biopsy and/or absorption tests and a group of 9 children with upper respiratory tract infection of the same ages as the children in the test group. The absorption of calcium pc-V in oil suspension (Penicals) was impaired in the patients with suspected coeliac disease compared to that of the control groups. There was no significantly different absorption of pc-V between the control children with diarrhoea and those with upper respiratory tract infection. After 6-8 months of gluten free diet in the children with suspected coeliac disease their absorptive ability of oral calcium pc-V in suspension form was equal with that of a control group.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Immunoreactive insulin in portal and hepatic venous blood in patients with insuloma.

The insulin level has been determined simultaneously in portal and hepatic venous blood in four patients with insuloma before and after administration of glucose and tolbutamide. Three patients displayed a higher insulin level in hepatic than in portal blood, although no hepatic metastases could be detected by radiologic examination. In contrast, portal insulin concentrations always exceeded hepatic in four control patients investigated in a similar way. The implications of these results are discussed.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗