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Biomedical subjects

M Dietrich

Publications and source records attributed to M Dietrich.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Malaria-induced thrombocytopenia.

Platelet counts were investigated in 26 patients with P. falciparum malaria and 39 patients with P. vivax malaria before and after treatment. Before schizontocidal treatment 22 of 26 (85%) patients with P. falciparum malaria and 30 of 39 (72%) patients with P. vivax malaria had depressed platelet counts below 150,000/microliters blood. There was a correlation between low platelet counts and high counts of malarial plasmodia (parasitized red blood cells) in P. falciparum and P. vivax infections (p less than 0.001). Platelet survival, studied by malonaldehyde formation in three patients during the period of decreasing parasitaemia, revealed a shortened life span to 2--3 days in comparison to 7--10 days in normal controls. In all patients platelet counts rose to threefold the initial values within 5 days after clearance of parasites. The results demonstrate that, first, thrombocytopenia is a common feature in human malaria, second, thrombocytopenia induced by malaria is due to shortened life span in the peripheral blood and, third, some interaction is present between platelets and malaria plasmodia or parasitized red cells.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1981

Granulocyte transfusions in acute leukaemia. Regeneration of granulopoiesis as determining factor of survival.

40 patients with acute leukaemia and severe granulocytopenia were treated with granulocyte transfusions for bacteriologically documented or clinically suspected septicaemia. The patients received an average of 5 transfusions each with 2.1 X 10(10) granulocytes per m2 body surface area per day. 26 patients showed clinical benefit from transfusion therapy as documented by the course of blood cultures, local lesions and fever. Only patients with regeneration of granulopoiesis had definite benefit from granulocyte transfusions. All other patients died ultimately from septicaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Malaria.

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Aminoquinolines↗
PubMed1981

Praziquantel compared to niridazole in schistosomiasis intercalatum therapy.

Praziquantel was compared to niridazole in schistosomiasis intercalatum in the Gabon. In a pilot study, 45 patients were randomly allocated to the two treatment groups. After treatment, 36 of these patients could be evaluated. Though the seven-day niridazole treatment showed significant reduction of egg excretion in all patients, cure rate was rather low. 9 out of 17 patients (53%) still excreted viable eggs of Schistosoma intercalatum. In contrast, patients treated with praziquantel in a one-day treatment (2 x 30 mg per kg) showed a persistent excretion of viable eggs in 3 out of 19 cases (16%). This difference was significant (p less than 0.025). Although the number of patients observed is rather small, results indicate that praziquantel is superior to niridazole in the treatment of schistosomiasis intercalatum both in view of application and side effects as well as curative potential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

High efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of 22 patients with Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections.

In a prospective clinical study, the efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of 22 patients with Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections was investigated. The dose regimen was 90 mg per kg bodyweight, divided into three equal doses given on consecutive days. Parasitological, clinical, routine haematological and biochemical parameters were followed up for twelve months. Twenty patients (91%) had no detectable egg excretion in the feces or duodenal fluid after one treatment only. Two patients required repeated treatments and a different dose regimen. No serious side effects were observed. Praziquantel proved to be a safe and effective drug for therapy of Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Diagnostic value of rectal biopsy and concentration methods in Schistosomiasis intercalatum: quantitative comparison of three techniques.

The diagnostic value of the rectal biopsy was compared to a quantitative stool filtration and the MIF concentration technique in schistosomiasis intercalatum in the Gabon. The rectal biopsy was significantly more sensitive in proving the presence of ova of Schistosoma intercalatum than the stool filtration (p less than 0.001). However, if the two techniques were compared on the basis of the capability to detect viable eggs in rectal mucosa or stool, no difference in sensitivity could be found. The MIF concentration technique was significantly less sensitive than the stool filtration (p less than 0.01) and seems only of minor diagnostic value in schistosomiasis intercalatum. It could be shown that the relative sensitivities of the three techniques in detecting S. intercalatum eggs depended on the age of the examined population, as presence of viable eggs in rectal mucosa and excretion of eggs in stool was inversely correlated to the age of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Clinical observations in 42 patients with Lassa fever.

Under continuous observation of several months, 42 patients from the eastern province of Sierra Leone, Liberia (Lofa County), and neighbouring Guinea were identified as Lassa fever cases by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique, indicating that the disease is endemic in these areas. The clinical course varied from mild disease to severe illness with haemorrhagic disorders. The fatality rate was 14%. The occurrence of only two possible secondary cases suggests that person-to-person spread of the disease is unimportant epidemiologically. There was a wide range of patients' ages, tribes, and occupations, including a 2 months old baby and a white US citizen. Clinical, laboratory, and histopathological investigations demonstrated the panorganotropism of Lassa virus. Haematological tests in few selected haemorrhagic cases with Lassa fever did not support coagulation disorders or thrombocytopenia as causing the bleeding tendency. The histopathologic changes bear resemblance to those observed in Argentinian and Bolivian haemorrhagic fever, both being caused by viruses of the Arena group. However, Lassa virus hepatitis may be differentiated from liver lesions occurring in yellow fever, Marburg virus disease, and Ebola (Maridi) haemorrhagic fever.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Differential blood counts from cell concentrates. A comparison with routine differential blood counts.

Two methods have been compared through performing differential blood counts: the routine blood count (routine count = RC) and blood counts from films after concentrating white blood cells (cell concentrate = CC). Normal persons were examined and patients with leukocytes less than 1,000/microliter of peripheral blood. The correlation coefficient between RC and CC is higher for more frequent cell types and lower for less frequent cell types. It is concluded that the preparation of CC is simple and reproducible, and that the time-saving CC method for performing differential blood counts from patients with severe leukopenia may be a worthwhile addition to routine laboratory methods.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Effectiveness of gnotobiotic measures in the treatment of acute leukemia: the results of a prospective randomized clinical study].

60 adult patients with acute leukemia (AL) previously untreated or in relapse received induction chemotherapy with different types of supportive care. Group A was decontaminated by nonabsorbable antibiotics in strict reverse isolation, group B was isolated only and group C was treated under routine hospital conditions. There were less infections in group A and B compared with group C. 76% of patients in group A achieved remission, in contrast to 57% in group B and 59% in group C. Late evaluation three years after termination of the study showed that all patients were dead except four patients being in first remission after discontinuation of maintenance treatment. Three patients were treated in group A, one patient in group C. However, the differences of survival and remission rates were not significant. Failure to demonstrate significant advantage of isolation and decontamination in treatment of AL was caused by insufficient suppression of microbes by the applied antimicrobial measures. Thus, it is suggested to investigate better antimicrobial treatment before gnotobiotic care is accepted as routine supportive treatment in AL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Chemotherapy of echinococcosis with mebendazole: clinical observations of 7 patients.

The effect of high dosage therapy with Mebendazole was studied in 5 patients with cystic echinococcosis and 2 patients with alveolar echinococcosis involving several organs. Follow-up studies at regular intervals from 7 to 20 months indicated an improvement of the pathological findings initially observed. This could clearly be demonstrated by the radiographic findings in cases with pulmonary involvement. The desintegration or dissolution of pulmonary cysts was observed within a few months after treatment with Mebendazole had begun. However, consolidation of previously emptied cysts occurred during the follow-up later. Allergic reactions were observed after commencement of drug therapy in two cases. These were probably due to spillage of antigenic material. The following treatment periods were tolerated well. No serious toxic side effects were observed in the other cases described here.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Amoebic liver abscess: a retrospective clinical evaluation of twenty-seven cases.

Twenty-seven patients with Amobebic Liver Abscess were observed during the last two years and were analysed retrospectively with respect to diagnostic procedures and therapeutic strategies. Seven of the 27 patients had surgery and were subsequently referred to our hospital. Those patients with surgery had a longer duration of illness and hospitalization (3.3 months) compared to the other 20 patients with chemotherapy alone (2 months). Most important diagnostic parameters for extraintestinal amoebiasis were: typical clinical findings, time spent in tropical or subtropical countries, strongly positive Latex agglutination against Entamoeba histolytica antigen, and isotope and/or ultrasound scanning to confirm abscess formation in the liver. The vast majority of abscesses were found in the right liver lobe. Response to treatment with complete cure was seen in all patients, regardless of whether Metronidazole alone or combinations of Metronidazole with Chloroquine and Metronidazole and Dehydroemetine or Chloroquine and Dehydroemetine were used. There is a need for prospective therapeutic studies to compare the different drug regimen concerning side-effects, toxicity, costs, application, and duration of hospitalization. From the retrospective data it seems that surgery is not beneficial for the patients.

Adult↗