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Biomedical subjects

M Dietrich

Publications and source records attributed to M Dietrich.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Purified chick embryo cell (PCEC) rabies vaccine for human use: clinical trials.

The purpose of the study was the clinical evaluation of the new PCEC-Rabies-Vaccine. In 620 healthy volunteers mild local side-reactions could be observed in less than 2% of the vaccinations. No relevant general reactions have been reported or seen after the 2200 injections apart three cases of urticaria. All the 218 volunteers tested developed neutralising rabies antibodies of the IgG-type between day 0 and day 30 after the first vaccination dose. In 45 patients the PCEC-Rabies-Vaccine, applied together with human rabies immunoglobulin in a postexposure vaccination, afforded protection against rabies after contact with a proven rabid animal. The clinical trials are proof that the compatibility and efficacy of the PCEC-Rabies-Vaccine match the high standards established by the HDC-Rabies-Vaccine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparative trial of oltipraz versus praziquantel in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in the Gabon.

The efficacy of oltipraz as a schistosomicidal drug was investigated in Gabonese children suffering from urinary schistosomiasis in the dosages of 1 X 25 mg/kg body weight, 1 X 35 mg/kg body weight, and 2 X 20 mg/kg body weight and compared to praziquantel, 2 X 30 mg/kg body weight. The study was undertaken in 165 patients, and follow-up investigations were carried out 6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment. Oltipraz showed less efficacy compared to praziquantel when dosages of 1 X 25 and 1 X 35 mg/kg body weight were given. However, oltipraz 2 X 20 mg/kg body weight was equivalent to praziquantel 2 X 30 mg/kg body weight. Parasitological cure was obtained in 79% of patients treated by oltipraz and 81% of patients treated by praziquantel. Side effects were insignificant in both treatment groups. Thus, the same parasitological cure could be achieved by oltipraz as well as by praziquantel, but with a lower dosage of oltipraz.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparative study of oltipraz versus praziquantel for treatment of schistosomiasis with intestinal manifestation in the Gabon (Schistosoma intercalatum and S. haematobium).

158 school children from Lambarene and its surroundings suffering from intestinal manifestations of schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma intercalatum, Schistosoma haematobium, or mixed infections were randomly allocated to patient groups to be treated with oltipraz and praziquantel respectively. Oltipraz was tested in three dosage regimens, i.e., 1 X 25 mg/kg, 1 X 35 mg/kg, and 2 X 20 mg/kg and compared to 2 X 30 mg/kg praziquantel in each of the treatment groups. 45 days and 90 days after treatment, the children were thoroughly investigated. Rectoscopy was only performed in part of the children. The number of children with viable egg excretion had significantly dropped after therapy (p less than 0.001). Parasitological cure after 90 days was obtained in 86% of patients treated with 2 X 20 mg oltipraz and 90% of patients treated by praziquantel. A comparative effectiveness was achieved with the other dosage regimens of oltipraz, too. The efficacy of the new schistosomicid oltipraz is identical with that of praziquantel for patients with intestinal manifestation. The rectal biopsies taken 45 days and 90 days after therapy still contained numerous eggs which were mostly calcified or granulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis].

3 cases of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis are described. A girl, now 3 years old, underwent at the age of 4 weeks a resection of the left superior lobe of the lung which was singularly involved. A male newborn died 4 h after birth and showed the typical affection of both lungs. A second male infant died 19 d after birth and had an isolated involvement of the left lung. Post-mortem examination additionally revealed in both boys a cardiovascular malformation. Histologically, we especially observed a papillar endothelial hyperplasia in a dilated lymph vessel in case 1 and multinuclear giant cells of the foreign-body type in case 3. In the literature, there are reported 99 cases of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis. Including our case, a unilobar or unilateral involvement is described in only 8 cases. The congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis occurs more often in males than in females (1.8 : 1). 90 out of 93 life-born children suffering from this malformation died, 57 of them during the perinatal period. However, cardiovascular malformations, which were observed in 53 cases, are playing an important role as the cause of death. The aetiology of the congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis remains unknown. There are 4 different theories concerning the pathogenesis, namely, a persistence of early-fetal lymphatic vessels, a missing connection between primitive lymphatic vessels, a hyperplasia of lymphatic ducts and, last but not least, a passive dilatation of the lymph vessels because of venous or lymphatic congestion.

Female↗
PubMed1984

In vitro differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells in patients with eosinophilia.

Colony-forming cells of the granulocytic/macrophage ( CFCGM ) and eosinophilic ( CFCEo ) series were grown from bone marrow and/or peripheral blood of 20 patients with persistent eosinophilia mainly due to helminthic diseases and of 17 patients without eosinophilia. The semi-solid culture technique of haemopoietic cells was applied using different sources of colony-stimulating factor (CSF). After 14 d of incubation the number of CFCs as well as their differentiation into the CFCGM and CFCEo was evaluated. The total median CFC count in the bone marrow differed significantly between the patient and the control group. No difference of the total colony count was observed when culturing peripheral-blood lymphocytes of patients or controls. 47% Luxol-fast-blue positive colonies were identified in the peripheral blood cultures from patients with eosinophilia as compared with 56% from controls using human placenta-conditioned medium as source of CSF. In contrast, bone-marrow cultures showed a significantly lower proportion of CFCEo (14% v. 18% resp.). No difference could be observed with regard to the source of stimulus. Thus, the discrepancy of the peripheral-blood and bone-marrow eosinophilia and of the in vitro culture findings may indicate that the commitment of granulocytic progenitor cells into the eosinophilic series is unaffected by a defined stress, such as helminthic diseases or is not measurable in the culture dish.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Gnathostomiasis].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

Ineffective erythropoiesis in acute human P. falciparum malaria.

An analysis of erythroblast cell kinetics utilizing quantitative 14C-autoradiography has been performed in five cases of acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria prior to and, in four patients, 3 or 6 days after the onset of antimalarial therapy. Associated with no or only moderate anemia were changes of erythroblast morphology, a considerable shift in the frequency of red and white blood cell precursors in the bone marrow, and a reduced rate of erythroblast proliferation. There was a marked loss of polychromatic erythroblasts, which was smaller but still detectable during the therapeutic phase. The results provide some quantitative data on the extent of "parenchymal damage" of bone marrow and stress the impact of ineffective erythropoiesis and reduced rate of erythropoietic proliferation on the emergence of anemia in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Serological and immunological investigations in patients with gross splenomegaly from the Gabon.

Serological investigations (immunoglobulin, haptoglobin, cryoglobulin, and antibody determination against Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae antigens) were performed in 64 adults of the Albert-Schweitzer-Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon. The patients were referred consecutively for ultrasound examination of the upper abdominal tract. 31 patients had clinically and sonographically an enlarged spleen, whereas 34 had a normal-sized spleen. 18 patients were regarded as having a gross splenomegaly without an obvious underlying cause (tropical splenomegaly (TSS]. No significant differences were seen between the patient groups with regard to immunoglobulin M or antiplasmodial antibody concentration. Thus, a causal association of splenomegaly with chronic malaria infections could not be established. The haptoglobin levels were significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced in patients with splenomegaly. Peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets as defined by monoclonal antibodies showed in all 4 cases with gross splenomegaly examined distinct abnormalities. Tropical splenomegaly is thought to encompass a variety of diseases, most of them presenting an intermediate stage of reactive to autonome disorders of the lymphatic system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Blood clotting factor XIII substitution in acute leukaemia: result of a randomized and controlled study].

A randomized and controlled study was undertaken to test whether substitution with factor XIII concentrates influences the clinical course in patients with acute leukaemia and acquired factor XIII deficiency (less than or equal to 60%). A control group of 31 patients was compared with a factor XIII-treated group of 29 patients. Partial factor XIII deficiency was successfully corrected by substitution. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the two patient groups in the frequency and severity of bleeding complications, transfusion requirements, and the number of remissions. Undesirable side-effects as a result of substitution treatment were not observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Efficacy of metrifonate in urinary schistosomiasis: comparison of reduction of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni eggs.

Patients with schistosomiasis mansoni and schistosomiasis haematobium from the Gezira area of the Sudan were investigated for the simultaneous presence of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium eggs in urine. Before treatment, 28 or 34 mixed-infection patients constantly excreted eggs of S. mansoni in the urine; however, the concentration was only 1.7% that of S. haematobium eggs. Patients were given two doses of metrifonate (10 mg/kg body weight) 2 weeks apart in order to compare the effect of the organophosphorous compound on the two parasite species. Each dose of metrifonate was followed by a significant decrease in egg output in urine (P less than 0.01). The egg reduction was similar for both parasite species, and was almost 99% after the second treatment. Before treatment was started, a positive correlation existed between the numbers of S. haematobium and S. mansoni eggs excreted in urine (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001), and this correlation did not change after the first or the second dose of metrifonate. After treatment, in 6 of 37 patients S. haematobium eggs and in 8 of 28 patients S. mansoni eggs were not, or were only slightly, reduced. When chemotherapeutic failure of metrifonate against S. haematobium or S. mansoni occurred, it was quantitatively similar for both parasite species.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Flubendazole versus mebendazole in intestinal helminthic infections.

In a double-blind study the vermicidal effect of flubendazole, a new benzimidazole derivative, was evaluated and compared to mebendazole. Both drugs were administered in a single dose of 600 mg. While in the treatment of Ascaris and hookworm infestations flubendazole and mebendazole showed a similar efficacy, mebendazole seemed to be slightly superior in the treatment of trichuriasis. Both drugs were well tolerated and no side effects were observed even in patients with a heavy worm load.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Efficacy of metrifonate in urinary schistosomiasis in light and heavy infections.

In a prospective clinical trial, patients with urinary schistosomiasis from the Sudan and from other African countries were treated with two or three doses of metrifonate (10 mg/kg), respectively, in two weeks' intervals. Patients seen in the Sudan (n = 37) were followed up for 3 months, those seen in Hamburg (n = 17) up to 20 months. Each dose of metrifonate led to a decrease of almost 90% in egg excretion independently of the pretreatment intensity of infection so that after three doses a reduction of almost 99.9% was achieved. The estimated proportion of parasitological cure after two doses of metrifonate was in the order of 24% in the lightly infected patients seen in Hamburg, and in the order of 8% in the heavily infected Sudanese patients. Almost 59% of the patients who received a complete metrifonate treatment of three doses stopped to excrete ova of S. haematobium. Drug failure was found in almost the same proportion in the two patient groups (17.5% and 16.2%, respectively) and could not be overcome by additional doses of metrifonate. The considerable reduction in egg excretion after a single dose of metrifonate might have a remarkable benefit in large scale programmes where the aim is drastic reduction of worm burden rather than complete cure.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Observations on mebendazole vs. thiabendazole in the treatment of human trichinellosis.

Six patients with acute trichinellosis were studied. Three patients were treated with mebendazole and the other three with thiabendazole. Both drugs were given at a daily dose of 50 mg per kg body weight for seven consecutive days. No substantial differences were evident in the efficacy of the two drugs when symptoms, clinical findings, and laboratory data were followed for three months. However, mebendazole was better tolerated than thiabendazole. The diagnosis was based on epidemiological data and positive antibody tests. In two cases, diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of trichinella larvae from 10 ml blood samples filtered through polycarbonate membranes.

Adolescent↗