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Biomedical subjects

M Cooke

Publications and source records attributed to M Cooke.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Voluntary screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Weighing the benefits and harms.

Voluntary screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may help prevent the spread of the HIV epidemic if persons who test positive alter behaviors that may transmit infection. Protecting persons from unknowingly being exposed to HIV infection must be balanced against respecting the autonomy of individuals being screened. Seropositive patients may feel a stigma and be subjected to discrimination if confidentiality of test results is breached. In patients without high-risk behaviors, the positive predictive value of HIV testing may be substantially increased if tests are done in reference laboratories and if further confirmatory tests are run on a second blood specimen. For persons with high-risk behaviors, HIV testing can be recommended to those who want to reduce uncertainty about their HIV status or whose medical care would change if they were seropositive. Health care workers can maximize benefits of screening and minimize harm by educating and counseling patients before HIV testing, discussing the confidentiality of HIV test results, urging patients to disclose positive test results to sex partners, and advising patients on how to reduce high-risk behaviors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Structural analysis and expression of the human thrombospondin gene promoter.

We have isolated a 34-kilobase pair genomic thrombospondin clone and determined the sequence of 2033 base pairs of the 5'-flanking region, the first entirely untranslated exon and the first intron. A number of interesting regulatory motifs were identified. The transcription start site, determined by primer extension and S1 nuclease analysis, was shown to be 20-30 bases 3' of a TATA-like sequence, TTTAAAA. We have also shown that a thrombospondin promoter-bovine growth hormone fusion gene is transcribed in transiently transfected cells. We conclude that the genomic clone contains the transcriptional signals of the thrombospondin gene and will therefore be useful in the analysis of cis-acting elements that regulate the expression of this gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Attitudes of medical residents regarding intensive care for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We recently surveyed the medical house staff at the University of California, San Francisco, and found that residents had a good understanding of the poor prognosis of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who require intensive care for respiratory failure, and tended to favor early discussions with patients regarding resuscitation and intensive care. We used the same questionnaire to survey the house staffs of four other programs varying in geography and exposure to patients with AIDS. We found a striking correlation between the number of patients with AIDS cared for by the residents, the assessment of the prognosis of patients with AIDS with P carinii pneumonia, and house-staff attitudes toward discussions about resuscitation and intensive care. The results of this study suggest that the intensity of exposure to patients with AIDS determines the assessment of prognosis, and that one or both of these factors strongly influences attitudes toward intensive care. Regardless of these attitudes, early discussion of resuscitation and intensive care between physicians and patients with AIDS and P carinii pneumonia seems warranted.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

HRE 664, a new parenteral penem. I. Antibacterial activity in vitro.

The new penem antibiotic HRE 664 displays potent antibacterial activity in vitro against a broad spectrum of clinically relevant bacterial strains including Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobes and anaerobes. With an MIC 90% of 0.43 micrograms/ml, it is also active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci. HRE 664 is extremely stable against beta-lactamases, it binds preferentially to the penicillin-binding proteins 2, 3, 5 and 6 of Escherichia coli.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Specialisation.

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Education, Veterinary↗