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Biomedical subjects

M Blanc

Publications and source records attributed to M Blanc.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Mitral prolapse syndrome: clinical, electrocardiographic and angiocardiographic correlations. Study of 100 patients with healthy coronary vessels].

Mitral valve prolapse frequently resembles coronary heart disease. Retrospective clinical, ECG and angiographic analysis of 100 consecutive patients with mitral prolapse and normal coronary arteries, but complaining of anginal pain, shows how difficult it is to establish the correct diagnosis. When resting, 44% of patients have nonspecific ECG disorders of repolarization phase. During periods of chest pain 3 patients experienced transient ST segment changes very similar to acute myocardial ischemia. The exercise test was positive in 39% of cases, and in 2 patients during exercise a sudden drop in blood pressure suggested coronary perfusion failure. In all patients the coronary arteries were normal, but left ventriculography showed mitral valve prolapse predominantly on the posterior leaflet. At rest, 35% of patients had diastolic compliance failure, 32% had left ventricular hyperkinesia and only in 3% was slight hypokinesia present. Finally, early systolic relaxation of the anteroapical wall was observed in 75% of patients.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Mechanical emergency recanalization of the left main coronary artery.

Acute occlusion of the left main coronary artery is normally fatal. According to the literature, only a few cases have been treated by intracoronary thrombolysis; the prolonged period of ischemia, however, resulted in severe left ventricular dysfunction and numerous complications. Therefore, effort should be directed to recanalize the left main coronary artery within the shortest possible interval. We followed this approach in a case of acute occlusion of a subtotal stenosis of the left main coronary artery which could be mechanically reopened and dilated within a few minutes. The intervention resulted in immediate reversal of profound cardiogenic shock and complete restoration of normal left ventricular function. At hospital discharge, the patient was asymptomatic with a negative bicycle stress test. Immediate mechanical recanalization and angioplasty appear to be a feasible approach in life-threatening coronary occlusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Immunoglobulin allotypes and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. An epidemiological and genetic study in the Hautes-Pyrénées county of France.

Serum samples collected from 69 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) living in the Hautes-Pyrénées county were tested for immunoglobulin Gm gamma 1, gamma 2, and gamma 3, heavy chain allotypes (Gm system), and immunoglobulin light chain Kappa (Km system). A control group was made up of normal individuals living in the same county. We found a significant excess of individuals with Gm3; +/- 23;5/Gm3; +/- 23;5 amongst the MS patients as compared with controls (relative risk = 2.4). A slight increase of the Km (1) frequency was found in MS patients compared with controls, 21.7% vs 11.8%, but this difference was not significant.

France↗
PubMed1986

Interactive effect of HLA and Gm tested in a study of 135 juvenile insulin-dependent diabetic families.

Interaction between HLA and Gm for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) has been studied in 135 IDD families comparing HLA and Gm phenotype distributions in patients and sibling controls. The association analysis comparing the 135 index cases to 124 sibling controls did not show any significant interaction, but only a tendency for Gm 4,5 phenotypes to be more frequent in IDD patients, particularly in those who carried DR3/X. The sib pair analysis of 16 pairs of affected sibs did not show any distortion of segregation of Gm. On the other hand, among 98 sib pairs of one affected and one nonaffected sib, there was a significant distortion in favour of sib pairs with non-identical Gm phenotypes. However, no interaction between HLA and Gm was found. These results provide suggestive evidence that Gm or a locus very close to Gm could be involved in susceptibility to IDD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

IgG subclasses and Gm allotypes of anti-D antibodies during pregnancy: correlation with the gravity of the fetal disease.

The IgG subclasses and the Gm allotypes of anti-D antibodies were studied in 103 isoimmunized pregnancies with Rh-positive infants. No allelic exclusion phenomena were observed in patients heterozygous for the studied genes. An analysis of the correlation between the severity of fetal disease and the type of anti-D antibodies shows a greater hemolytic action of the IgG1 subclass and, within this group, those marked by the Gm(4) allotype. These results suggest that the prognostic value of anti-D antibody titers during pregnancy could be modulated by a study of the IgG subclasses and their allotypes.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1985

[Inhibition of postoperative muscular proteolysis by sodium alpha-ketoisocaproate: does a dose-effect relation exist?].

The inhibitory effect of branched chain amino acids on muscle protein breakdown has been attributed to the ketoanalogue of leucine, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid. In an attempt to demonstrate a possible dose-response relationship for ketoleucine, the postoperative protein breakdown (using urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine, creatinine and nitrogen) was evaluated in 29 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: group A (ten patients) received 3 g of glucose per kilo and per day, group B (ten patients) received glucose + 100 mg X kg-1 X d-1 of ketoleucine and group C (nine patients) glucose + 200 mg X kg-1 X d-1 of ketoleucine. The study was performed over a period of 72 h. The 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio was significantly lower in groups B and C than in group A (respectively 28.47, 28.07 and 32.08). These results confirmed the inhibitory effect of ketoleucine on muscle protein breakdown. However there was no difference between group B and group C. In conclusion, this study did not demonstrate a dose-response relationship for ketoleucine in moderate postoperative catabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of plasma levels of clomipramine in the treatment of chronic pain.

The analgesic effect of clomipramine and the possible relationships between the antalgic action and the plasma levels of this tricyclic drug have been studied in 30 patients with chronic pain induced by nervous lesions determining a deafferentation. Twenty of 30 patients treated with clomipramine reported a significant improvement (up to 50%) observed as soon as the 4th day, with few side effects. The pharmacokinetic analysis shows the existence (r = 0.358; p less than 0.001) of a relationship between analgesia and plasma levels of clomipramine for each individual patient. This study also indicates a "therapeutic window" of plasma levels between 20 and 85 ng/ml. These results permit discussion of measurement of plasma levels of clomipramine in the treatment of chronic pain.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of a morphine-clomipramine combination on a test of experimental analgesia].

Morphine (2.5 mg/kg sc) i.e. at a non-antinociceptive dose, augmented clomipramine-induced antinociceptive effect but failed to alter the values of clomipramine (10, 20, 40 mg/kg orally) levels in rats. These results suggest that the potentiation of clomipramine-induced analgesia by morphine does not result from a peripheral pharmacokinetic mechanism but probably involves a central interaction between clomipramine and opiates pathways.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1985

[Interaction between HLA and Gm for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes].

It is now well established that HLA system is involved in the susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this study we look for a possible effect of the Gm system. A first study (cases-controls) suggests that among individuals who had HLA-DR3 but not HLA-DR4 or HLA-DR4 without HLA-DR3, there is a possible effect of the phenotype Gm3,23,5 or Gm3,-5 in the susceptibility to IDDM. Moreover, we have tested by the sibpair method whether HLA and Gm are transmitted independently from IDDM: an unaffected sib, sharing the same HLA haplotypes than an affected individual, seems to be more often phenotypically different at the Gm loci.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1984

Effect of leucine or ketoleucine on nitrogen metabolism in postoperative patients receiving energy substrate.

It has been shown that ketoisocaproate (KIC) spares nitrogen (N) in fasting postoperative patients while leucine does not. The aim of the present study was to determine if KIC when compared with leucine, decreases nitrogen excretion in postoperative patients receiving energy substrate. Thirty patients undergoing gynecological surgery (hysterectomy with or without lymphadenectomy) were randomized to receive for the first 3 postoperative days one of the following I.V. solutions per kilo and per day: 3 g glucose (group A) 3 g glucose + 90 mg Leucine (group B), 3 g glucose + 100 mg ketoleucine (group C). The output of 3 methylhistidine (3 MEH), total nitrogen and creatinine were measured daily. Although muscle protein breakdown measured as 3 MEH/creatinine molar ratio was significantly reduced in group C as compared with A and B, total nitrogen and creatinine did not differ significantly in A, B and C. Thus, the metabolic effects of KIC in postoperative patients are appreciably influenced by glucose infusions and the usefulness of KIC infusions in such patients needs further study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Synthesis of a novel series of (aryloxy)propanolamines: new selective beta 2-blocking agents.

A new family of beta-blocking drugs is described. The originality of the new molecules lies in their functionalized hydrophobic folded structure, the basic part of which contains a benzocyclobutene ring. Excellent beta 2-blocker selectivity has been obtained with some of these compounds. Interestingly, this selectivity was not modified toward beta 1-blocker activity by introduction of the usual beta 1 inducer groups.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

Genetic markers of immunoglobulins in the two orangutan subspecies and their hybrids.

Serum samples from 23 Pongo pygmaeus abelii, 4 Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus and 2 hybrids were tested for Gm (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 28) and for Km (1) allotypes. All samples were negative for Gm (2, 3, 5, 6, 14, 16, 21, 28), Km (1) and positive for Gm (1, 15, 17, 24). The allotypes G3m (10, 11, 13) were simultaneously absent in all of the Bornean orangutans and present in all of the Sumatran orangutans. Moreover, the analysis of 8 Bm allotypes has shown that all the P. pygmaeus abelii and their hybrids only possess one Bm marker and that all the 4 P. pygmaeus pygmaeus are negative for all the antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Initial results of a pharmacokinetic study of pipothiazine and its palmitic ester (Piportil L4) in a schizophrenic population].

Plasma kinetics of pipotiazine have been studied in ten schizophrenic patients after oral administration of single dose of pipotiazine at 7 a.m. (30 mg, drops). Peak plasma concentrations are reached one hour after administration (41.8 +/- 19,9 ng/ml) and then rapidly decline until 24 h (2.2 +/- 1.2 ng/ml). During the following days plasma concentrations remain stable at the same sampling times. After 3 days wash-out and first intramuscular injection of pipotiazine palmitate (100 mg) main pharmacokinetic data are found: plasma concentrations of pipotiazine are not detectable during at less 3 days after injection, maximal drug level is attained during second week after i.m. (1.7 +/- 0.9 ng/ml). A period of decline is then recorded. Furthermore the mean ratio between pipotiazine plasma concentration after oral and i.m. administration is about 20. When pipotiazine palmitate is given every fourth week, steady state seems to be reached as early as the second month.

Administration, Oral↗