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Biomedical subjects

M Baba

Publications and source records attributed to M Baba.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Adjuvant immunotherapy of primary resected lung cancer with transfer factor.

One hundred seventy-one patients were studied in order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the transfer factor (TF) for primary resected lung cancers under a randomized controlled trial. Eligible cases for evaluation were randomly chosen at 75 and 74 patients in TF and control groups, respectively. The same long-term intermittent adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to two groups as a standard therapy. The distribution of clinical features in both groups was very similar. The overall survival rates of the TF group at 2 and 4 years postoperatively were 69% and 53%, respectively, which was about 15% better than the control group, but this difference could not yet be considered statistically significant. The survival of the TF group was significantly better than that of the control group in patients with Stages I + II or curative resection (P less than 0.05 by Cox-Mantel test); however, there was no significant difference in patients with Stages III + IV, or noncurative resection. The recurrence rate of pulmonary and mediastinal regions was less in the TF group. In conclusion, TF seems to suppress postoperative recurrence and appears to be beneficial for primary resected lung cancer patients, especially at early stages, as postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes in the compact myelin of single internodes during axonal atrophy.

Distal axonal atrophy was produced by proximal constriction of the tibial nerve in the rabbit. Transverse sections were studied by light and electron microscopy at 10 micron intervals along individual internodes of both atrophic and normal tibial nerve fibres. During axonal atrophy there were marked changes in axonal configuration at different levels within the territory of a single Schwann cell. These resulted in changes in the lengths of the axon perimeter and myelin spiral, without causing any alteration in the numbers of myelin lamellae or their spacing. Comparable changes in axon perimeter and myelin spiral length were seen in transverse sections through the paranodal and nuclear regions of normal fibres. These results show that local variations in axonal calibre or shape are associated with appropriate adjustments to the length of the myelin spiral, without a change in the number of lamellae, and thus of sheath thickness.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Randomized controlled trial of transfer factor immunochemotherapy as an adjunct to surgical treatment for primary adenocarcinoma of the lung.

A total of 102 patients were studied in a randomized controlled trail to evaluate the clinical effect of transfer factor (TF) for primary resected adenocarcinoma of the lung. The TF and Control groups consisted of 50 and 52 randomly chosen patients, respectively. However, 6 and 5 patients were excluded from both groups for various reasons, therefore the total of cases eligible for evaluation were 44 and 47 in the TF and Control groups, respectively. The clinical features of both groups were similar. The survival of the TF group was significantly better than that of Controls in Stage I cases (p less than 0.05), however, there was no significant difference in patients in Stages II, III and IV. Significant differences were found between the TF and Control groups in curative resection cases (p less than 0.05), however, no significant difference was seen in either the relatively curative resection or noncurative resection groups. TF seems to inhibit postoperative recurrence and appears to be an effective postoperative adjuvant immunotherapeutic for primary resected adenocarcinoma of the lung, especially at the relatively early stages.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Demyelination following diphtheria toxin in the presence of axonal atrophy.

In 23 guinea-pigs a constricting ligature was placed on the tibial nerve in the thigh on one side, in order to produce axonal atrophy in the distal part of the nerve. Either before or after ligature, 10 of the guinea-pigs received subcutaneous diphtheria toxin into the abdominal wall, in a dose insufficient to cause generalised paralysis or reduced motor conduction velocity (MCV). In 7 of the 10 animals, MCV distal to the ligature fell below the range seen after ligature alone. In animals which had received toxin histological studies revealed paranodal and segmental demyelination in the distal tibial nerve, which was more extensive on the side of the ligature than in the opposite leg. Occasional paranodal but no segmental demyelination was seen distal to ligature alone. These results indicate that a small dose of systemic diphtheria toxin is more likely to produce peripheral nerve demyelination if an axonal abnormality is also present.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1984

Influence of various experimental conditions on the inhibitory effects of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine on varicella-zoster virus replication in cell culture.

Inhibition of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) replication by (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU) has been examined in vitro under various experimental conditions. The 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) of BVDU for VZV replication in human embryonal fibroblast (HEF) cultures was 0.016 micrograms/ml, if the assay was based on the reduction of visible foci. If the assay was based on the reduction of immunofluorescent foci, the ID50 was 3 times higher. There was no significant difference in ID50, whether the HEF cultures were infected with cell-free or cell-associated VZV. When the HEF cells were infected with VZV at different multiplicities of infection (MOI), the ID50 of BVDU increased in parallel with the increase of MOI. BVDU was normally added immediately after virus infection. However, the addition of BVDU could be delayed until 8 hr after infection without substantial decrease of activity. On the other hand, BVDU did not cause any inhibition of focus formation when it was removed within 8 hr after VZV infection. If removed at 24 or 48 hr after infection, BVDU caused a significant reduction in focus formation. BVDU had no effect on focus formation if added to the HEF cells before virus infection. BVDU was also found to inhibit VZV focus formation in Vero cells, but only at an ID50 that was 5-10 times higher than the ID50 noted in HEF cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Deoxyribonuclease A of chick embryo. Partial purification and characterization of the enzyme.

A deoxyribonuclease has been purified 570-fold from the 14-day-old chick embryos. The purified enzyme requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ ions for maximum activity. The optimum pH is 9.0 in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer. Its isoelectric point is 6.7. NaCl and N-ethylmaleimide strongly inhibit the reaction. An apparent molecular weight of 45,000 is determined by sedimentation in a glycerol density gradient. The enzyme hydrolyzes denatured DNA 50 to 100 times more rapidly than duplex DNA. RNA and synthetic polyribonucleotides are not substrate for the enzyme. DNase A catalyzes the endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic cleavages of single-stranded DNA. The enzyme produces DNA fragments having 70 to 100 nucleotides long at early time of reaction and then degrades these DNA fragments to acid-soluble materials, of which more than 70% is mononucleotides. In the exonucleolytic attack, the enzyme initiates hydrolysis of a single-stranded DNA from 5' to 3' direction. Chick embryo DNA-binding protein gives an intensive effect on the DNase A reaction by inhibiting the endonuclease activity rather than exonuclease activity under the standard assay conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Recovery of distal changes after nerve constriction by a ligature.

When ligatures were used to constrict the proximal tibial nerve in rabbits, nerve fibres distal to the site of constriction underwent a reduction in axonal and external fibre diameter, and in conduction velocity. Distal changes could be detected within 7-12 days of the onset of constriction; removal of the ligatures was followed by partial recovery. When paranodal myelin damage occurred in the distal tibial nerve, it showed the typical non-random distribution of secondary demyelination, with multiple paranodal defects on some fibres and complete sparing of others. These findings emphasize the role of the axon in the genesis of paranodal demyelination.

Animals↗