Biomedical subjects

M Asakawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Asakawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Hyperthermic treatment in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Hyperthermic treatment was performed in 31 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Eight patients of them had a urethral catheter because of urinary retention. The prostate was heated trans-rectally to 43-45 degrees C. The treatment consisted of 10 sessions of 60 min. each. To evaluate this treatment, the following parameters were determined before, during and one week after the last hyperthermia session: subjective symptoms score, and residual urine volume, uroflowmetry and transrectal ultrasound of the prostate as objective data. Symptoms score improve in all patients. Of 8 patients with a catheter, the catheter could be removed from 4 patients. There was no significant change in prostate volume, but significant decreases of residual urine volume, and increases of maximum flow rate and mean flow rate were observed. No adverse reactions were seen. Judging from the above results, this treatment is considered to be useful for patients with BPH.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Cisplatin etoposide versus cisplatin/etoposide/ifosfamide combination chemotherapy in small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter randomized controlled study. Hokkaido Study Group of Treatment for Small-Cell Lung Cancer].

Ninety-two patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) were randomized to receive cisplatin (80 mg/m2, day 1)/etoposide (100 mg/m2, day 1, 3, 5) (PE) or cisplatin (80 mg/m2, day 1)/etoposide (100 mg/m2 1, 3, 5)/ifosfamide (2 g/m2, day 1, 2, 3) (PEI) combination chemotherapy. After 2 courses of chemotherapy, patients with limited disease (LD) received chest irradiation with 40-50 Gr. Of the 89 patients evaluable, the overall response rate was 77.8% in PE therapy, and 73.7% in PEI therapy (NS). The complete response rate (CR) of PE v PEI was 13.9% v 21.2% for all patients (NS), 22.2% v 30.4% for LD. Median survival times of PE v PEI for all patients were 55 weeks v 56 weeks (NS). The 2-year survival rate of PE v PEI was 15.4% v 16.5% for all patients (NS). There was no difference of the duration of response in cases with CR or PR between PE and PEI therapy. Leucopenia occurred more often after PEI than after PE therapy (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that PEI is not superior to PE chemotherapy in SCLC.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical effect on tumor regression and tissue concentration of peplomycin treated with peplomycin emulsion in hydroxypropylcellulosum].

Peplomycin emulsified in hydroxypropyl cellulosum (HPC-PEP) was prepared for intravesical chemotherapy. Clinical efficacy of HPC-PEP and tissue concentration of peplomycin (PEP) were studied in 12 patients with bladder tumor. Histopathology showed transitional cell carcinoma; 2 in grade 1,8 in grade 2, and 2 in grade 3. The total volume of 30 ml HPC-PEP was prepared from a mixture of 2% HPC and 90 mg PEP in 15 ml saline, and was intravesically administered through a urethral catheter and retained for two hours. Clinical evaluation 7 days after the initial instillation demonstrated good tumor regression in 2, good response in 5, and no change in 5. The mean PEP level in tumor tissue was 0.36 microgram/gr after 7 days and 0.19 microgram/gr even after 14 days. These clinical observations and tissue levels of PEP suggest that HPC-PEP might be useful as an intravesical instillation agent for bladder tumor.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1991

[A case of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis secondary to achalasia of the esophagus].

A 12-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of cough, sputum and increasing fever. Chest CT revealed ill-defined small round opacities located around the end of the bronchovascular branchings in almost all of the lung fields. These findings were compatible with diffuse panbronchiolities (DPB). On the other hand, the boy was diagnosed as having achalasia of the esophagus and fragments of food were observed in the bronchi by bronchoscopy. Repeated aspiration and infection due to achalasia are factors which brought about diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB).

Bronchiolitis↗

PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the results of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for solitary upper urinary tract stone].

We performed extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on 1,701 patients in a total of 2,438 sessions using the Dornier kidney lithotriptor Model HM III from July 1985 to the end of June 1990. Among the patients with a solitary stone, 1,200 cases were available for the follow-up study in which the results of ESWL were analyzed according to the location and size of the stone. ESWL performed against stones at pelvis and calyces gave the best results. The results obtained on stones less than 20 mm in diameter were especially favorable with a success rate of 84%. ESWL performed against ureter stones showed poor results with a success rate of 62% for the stones smaller than 20 mm in diameter. We further studied the results of ESWL performed against ureter stones by dividing the patients into three groups: the patients treated in situ, the patients with ureteral stents and the patients with D-J stents. The results for stones larger than 10 mm in diameter were significantly better in the patients with D-J stents than in the patients treated in situ or the patients with ureteral stents. Among the patients treated in situ, the results were significantly worse for impacted stones than for non-impacted stones when the stone size was 10-20 mm in diameter.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical study of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, ifosfamide, 5-FU (CIF therapy) of inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung].

Forty seven patients with inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cisplatin (25 mg/m2), ifosfamide (1.5 g/m2), 5-FU (1.0 g/m2 c.i.) on day 1 through 4. The overall response rate (PR) was 34.8% with 16 partial responses. The median duration of response was 81 days. The median duration to show 50% decrease was 27 days. The median survival time was 359 days for all evaluable patients and 555 days for responders versus 196 days for non-responders. The side effects were mild and tolerable. The response rate of CIF therapy was same as the one reported in recent years but the survival time for responders was long and side effects were mild, suggesting that CIF therapy is an effective chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Cisplatin, ifosfamide and vindesine in the chemotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung].

Thirty-one patients with inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cis-platin (CDDP, 100 mg/m2 day 1), ifosfamide (IFX, 2 g/m2 day 1, 2, 3; with mesna) and vindesine (VDS, 3 mg/m2 day 1). The overall response rate (PR) was 71.0% with 22 partial responses. The median duration of response was 180 days. The median duration to show 50% decrease was 29 days. Myelosuppression and renal toxicity were severe. We concluded that the CIV regimen against squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was more effective yet more toxic than the other regimen containing CDDP and that candidates for this therapy must be carefully chosen.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1991

[A case of plasma cell granuloma with good response to steroid therapy].

A 46-year-old man was admitted with complaints of fever, cough and anterior chest pain. Chest X-ray examination disclosed an infiltrative shadow in the right upper lung field and chest CT scan strongly suggested invasion of mediastinum and anterior chest wall. Therefore, steroid therapy was selected because biopsy specimen showed proliferation of fibroblasts and mononuclear cells mainly containing plasma cells with no evidence of malignancy. After steroid therapy, chest X-ray examination showed that the infiltrative shadow was greatly reduced. However, since infiltrative shadow was increased again at 3 years after the initiation of steroid therapy, right upper lobectomy was performed. Histopathological analysis of resected tumor demonstrated proliferation of mature plasma cells and fibroblasts in conjunction with minor infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes. At 18 months after operation, new shadows appeared in right S8 and S10 which were shown to have almost the same histological findings as the resected tumor. Steroid therapy was restarted, and then the size of shadows decreased. It is conceivable that steroid therapy is an effective therapy for pulmonary plasma cell granuloma, especially multifocal and relapsing cases.

Granuloma, Plasma Cell↗

PubMed1990

[Instillation of a new anticancer preparation for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer: comparison of clinical efficacy between peplomycin emulsion in hydroxypropylcellulosum and peplomycin in saline solution on tumor reduction].

Clinical efficacy of a new preparation of peplomycin emulsion in hydroxypropylcellulosum (HPC-PEP) was studied in 26 patients to compared with that in 14 patients administered with 60 mg of PEP in 20 ml saline (S-PEP). The HPC-PEP was a mixture of 90 mg PEP suspended in 30 ml of 1% HPC. Both of preparations were retained in the bladder cavity over an hour after the instillation. Intravesical instillation was performed once for the patients with HPC-PEP, and 10 times repeatedly for the patients with S-PEP. A clinical evaluation was made on the basis of cytoscopic finding and cytology one week after the final instillation. According to the degree of tumor reduction, the results were classified into "disappearance", "greater than 50% reduction," and "no alteration or further growth" of primary tumor, which were referred respectively to "complete response (CR)", "partial response (PR)" and "not changed (NC)". The rates of CR and response were 27 and 73% respectively for the HPC-PEP administered patients, which were significantly higher than those of 8 and 43% respectively for the patients with S-PEP. In terms of configuration and number of tumor, intravesical HPC-PEP treatment was found to be superior to intravesical S-PEP treatment. In HPC-PEP treatment, a series of untoward symptoms such as bladder irritability and leukopenia was encountered at a frequency of 8%, which is much less than those seen in the S-PEP treatment. These clinical date suggest that HPC-PEP treatment against the superficial bladder tumors is superior to conventional S-PEP instillation in terms of administration frequency and potent doses available to tumor reduction.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1990

Cisplatin, ifosfamide and vindesine in the chemotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer: a combination phase II study.

A total of 47 patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with a regimen consisting of cisplatin (CDDP, 100 mg/m2), ifosfamide (IFX, 2 g/m2 x 3; with mesna) and vindesine (VDS, 3 mg/m2) (CIV). This regimen was given over a 3- or 5-week period. Among 40 completely evaluable patients, 19 partial responses (PRs) were observed, for a response rate of 47.5% (78.6% in squamous-cell carcinoma and 30.1% in adeno- and large-cell carcinoma); no complete responses (CRs) were obtained. The hematologic toxicity was not severe, but the renal toxicity was rather high; two patients developed acute renal failure and died of subsequent pancytopenia and sepsis. We concluded that the CIV regimen was more effective, especially against squamous-cell carcinoma, but more toxic than the combination of CDDP and VDS for non-small-cell lung cancer and that candidates for this therapy must be carefully chosen.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1990

Structure of the toxin isolated from carp (Cyprinus carpio) bile.

Attempts were made to elucidate the structure of the toxin isolated from the bile of carp Cyprinus carpio, which is possibly responsible for carp poisoning. By fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry, along with 1H- and 13C-NMR, a molecular formula of C27H48O8S containing a sulfate ester group was deduced. Those and other analytical data allowed us to conclude the structure of carp toxin to be 5 alpha-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 26, 27-pentol 26-sulfate, which agreed essentially with that of 5 alpha-cyprinol, an alcohol specific to carp bile, in which the sulfate ester at the C-26 position is lacking.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Kidney complications in EMC virus-induced diabetes in conventional DBA/2 male mice.

Conventional DBA/2 male mice of about 9 weeks of age were inoculated by intraperitoneally injecting EMC virus M variant (10(4) TCID50/0.1 ml/animal) which is passaged in mice. The mice which tested positive for glycosuria and hyperglycemia were examined histopathologically 2 or 5 months after inoculation. The kidneys were examined for thickening of Bowman's capsule and the mesangial matrix. These changes were more clearly observable 5 months after inoculation than they were 2 months after inoculation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Effect of rearing conditions on encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus-induced diabetes in mice.

To compare the incidence in the diabetic syndrome in mice reared under sterile and non-sterile conditions, both conventional and SPF DBA/2 N male mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with two doses (10(4) TCID50/0.1 ml or 10(5) TCID50/0.1 ml) of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus M variant. The incidence of diabetic symptoms was higher in mice reared under sterile conditions than under non-sterile conditions. It appeared that a difference in animal rearing conditions would affect the sensitivity to EMC virus in mice.

Animal Husbandry↗

PubMed1990

[A clinical study on urethral recurrence observed after cystectomy].

A clinical study was made on 108 male patients who underwent cystectomy. The posterior urethra and partial anterior urethra were removed in 47 cases, half of the perpendicular urethra was removed in 13 cases and the anterior urethra up to the fossa navicularis was removed in 48 cases. Out of 60 cases without urethrectomy, urethral recurrence was observed in 13 cases (21.7%), while no recurrence was observed in the cases treated with urethrectomy. The average period of time from cystectomy to urethral recurrence was 24.7 months (11-39 months). Urethral cancer of such early stages as pIa and pIb were found in 3 and 6 cases, respectively. Stage pT2 was found in 4 cases. Grade 1 cancer was found in 3 cases, grade 2, in 5 cases, and 3 in 5 cases. The proximal end of the perpendicular urethra was found to be the most frequent site for recurrence with 11 cases exhibiting recurrence at this location and 2 cases at the mid-portion of the perpendicular urethra. Many cases exhibited multiple recurrence of tumor of visually grayish, velvety and non-papillary type which was histologically all transitional cell carcinoma. Bladder tumor with higher grade tended to cause urethral cancer recurrence with higher grade. Bladder tumors at multiple locations from the trigone to the lateral and posterior walls tended to cause recurrence in the urethra (p less than 0.05). Of all the cases, 10 cases underwent urethrectomy and 2 cases penectomy. 12 cases received chemotherapy and 5 cases radiation therapy as postoperative adjuvant treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[A case of asynchronous triple primary malignant tumors of bladder, stomach and lung].

An asynchronous case of triple primary malignant tumors of bladder, stomach and lung was reported. The patient was treated by total cystectomy and ileal conduit plasty for a bladder tumor in 1978 and subtotal gastrectomy and Billroth-I plasty for a gastric cancer in 1984. In 1987, a lung cancer was found and the biopsy revealed a small cell carcinoma. Though combined chemotherapy was done, he died from the lung cancer 2 years later. Fulfilling the Warren and Gate's criteria, this case may be said to be an asynchronous case of triple primary cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Intravesical instillation chemotherapy of anticancer agents including cylocide: studies of prophylactic effects on the recurrence].

We studied the efficacy of intravesical instillation chemotherapy of anticancer agents including cylocide (CA) in the prevention of recurrence of bladder tumor after surgery. Totally 60 patients with superficial bladder tumor were enrolled into the study. The patients were randomly assigned to either one of three groups: CA 300 mg alone, CA 200 mg + mitomycin C (MMC) 10 mg, and CA 180 mg + adriamycin (ADM) 20 mg. These drugs were initially instilled once a day for one week, and then once a month until 2 years after surgery. Thereafter, the patients were followed up without instillation. The cumulative non-recurrence rates in the CA group was 76.5, 60.0 and 60.0% at 1, 2 and 3 years after the removal of bladder tumor, respectively, while that in the CA + MMC treated group 90.9, 75.3, and 75.3% and that in the CA + ADM treated group, 95.1, 82.9 and 82.9%, respectively. The recurrence rate in the CA, CA + MMC and CA + ADM treated group was 35.3, 27.3 and 19.0%, respectively, the recurrence indices 1.84, 1.07 and 0.74, and the mean times between recurrence 10.8, 16.5 and 18.0 months, respectively. Side effects were noted in 3 of the 17 cases (17.6%) in the CA group, in 3 of the 22 cases (13.6%) in the CA + MMC group and in 3 of the 21 cases (14.3%) in the CA + ADM treated group. These data show that intravesical CA instillation in combination with MMC or ADM is more effective for the prevention of recurrence than that of CA alone.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMed1990

Restorative effects of thymosin fraction 5 on reduction in responsiveness of rat thymocytes to allogenic lymphocytes during bladder tumor induction.

One-way MLR was examined by using thymocytes (responder) from Fischer 344/NSIc rats in which urinary bladder cancers were induced by administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine [(BBN) CAS: 3817-11-6], and lymph node lymphocytes (stimulator) from WKH/Hkm rats. From the 10th week of the administration, when only hyperplastic change was noticed in the bladder mucosa, progressive decrease of the MLR was detected in the thymus small lymphocyte population (TSLP) and the decrease was the most conspicuous in more dense, namely, intermediate and heavier, small lymphocyte subpopulations. When TSLP was pretreated with TF5 in vitro, the most restorative effects on the decreased MLR were found in hyperplastic stage and the effects were becoming less with the advance of tumor developments. Moreover, in scrutinizing the effects of TF5 on the small lymphocyte subpopulation in hyperplastic stage, the maximal restoration of the responsiveness was found in the heavier subpopulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[A combination phase II study of adriamycin, CDDP and etoposide in small cell lung cancer].

A combination phase II study was performed on 31 patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (19 LD & 12 ED). Patients were treated intravenously with Adriamycin (30 mg/m2 day 1), CDDP (80 mg/m2 day 1) and Etoposide (70 mg/m2 x 3 day 1, 3, 5). This combination chemotherapy was administered over a four- or five-week period. Among 26 evaluable patients there were 4 CR and 17 PR, giving a response rate of 80.8% (68.4% in LD). The median duration of response was 19 (3-123) weeks. Despite the relatively low response rate and CR rate, the median survival times of LD and ED patients were 17.0 (3.1-43.1) and 9.4 (4.4-17.7) months, respectively. The major toxic effect of this regimen was bone marrow suppression. Two patients were excluded from this study in the first course because of severe hematologic toxicity. The renal toxicity of this regimen was minimal and no patients developed any clinical problem. Nausea and vomiting during the treatment were well controlled by high-dose metoclopramide and methylprednisolone. In conclusion, this combination of chemotherapy is effective for patients with small cell lung cancer. However, the advantage of adding Adriamycin to CDDP and Etoposide is still controversial.

Adult↗