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Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The teratogenic effect of forskolin on cardiovascular development in the chick embryo.

The cardiovascular teratogenicity and embryotoxicity of forskolin, a potent activator of adenylate cyclase, was studied in the chick embryo. The drug was topically applied to the surface of the chorioallantoic membrane in the vicinity of the embryonic heart on the 4th day of incubation (Hamburger-Hamilton developmental stage 24). Cardiovascular malformations were induced in 51% of embryos treated with forskolin doses larger than 1 x 10(-8) mol/egg. Major malformations included remnant of the left 4th aortic arch and ventricular septal defect. These results indicate that forskolin induces cardiovascular malformations in the chick embryo and suggest that increased levels of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate produced by forskolin may be related to the malformations observed.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1989

Adult T cell leukemia: a case with massive hyperimmunoglobulinemia E.

Adult T cell leukemia, an endemic disease in the southwestern part of Japan, is characterized (1) by a short survival, (2) by leukemic T cells in peripheral blood that have lobulated nuclei and helper/inducer surface phenotypes, and (3) by cutaneous involvement. A 34-year-old man who had a history of atopic dermatitis was seen at our clinic because of generalized erythroderma and lymphadenopathy. His clinical course was rather chronic as compared with that of prototypic adult T cell leukemia; however, typical leukemia cells were observed in specimens taken from his peripheral blood and skin. The diagnosis of adult T cell leukemia was established by the patient's positive serum antibody reaction to adult T cell leukemia-associated antigen and monoclonal integration of virus genome in the patient's leukemia cell DNA. Interesting and characteristic of the patient were the very high levels of serum immunoglobulin E. With the use of an in vitro immunoglobulin production system with mitogen, the patient's T lymphocytes enhanced the differentiation of B cells, both from the patient and from a normal adult, into immunoglobulin E-producing cells. Therefore it may be speculated that T cells functioning as immunoglobulin E-specific helpers were transformed to leukemia cells by human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Continuous antigen stimulation of the patient's atopic diathesis also may be a factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Porencephaly and hydranencephaly: a neuropathological study of four autopsy cases.

Four autopsy cases of porencephaly and hydranencephaly were evaluated clinico-pathologically. The patients showed profound mental retardation, convulsive seizures and spastic quadriplegia. The life spans were much shorter in the hydranencephalic cases. Pathologically, the cerebral cortex in the vicinity of the parenchymal defects often showed an abnormal cytoarchitecture, which appeared to be closely correlated with superficial glial proliferation. Several neurofibrillary tangles were found in the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the locus ceruleus in a 23-year-old porencephalic patient, and so-called grumose degeneration of the dentate nucleus in three patients, including a 2-month-old hydranencephalic boy. It is suggested that extensive cerebral defects may cause neuronal degeneration of the subcortical nuclei.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes of amino acid by the deprivation of energy sources in the cerebral cortex.

After cerebral cortex slices from adult or infant rats had been incubated in medium containing glucose or beta-hydroxybutyrate as an energy source, the concentrations of ATP and amino acids in the tissue and incubation medium were examined. In the adult cerebral cortex, on the substitution of beta-hydroxybutyrate for glucose, the levels of ATP and amino acids were not maintained. The concentrations of glutamate, glutamine and gamma-aminobutyrate decreased, and that of aspartate increased together with the decrease in ATP in the tissue. Similar changes were observed when iodoacetate (10 microM) was added to the incubation medium. Moreover, the depletion of an energy source led to more drastic changes. On the other hand, in the infant cerebral cortex, the substitution of beta-hydroxybutyrate did not affect the levels of ATP and glutamate, glutamine and gamma-aminobutyrate. There are good correlations between the concentrations of ATP and glutamate and related amino acids in the cerebral cortex.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1989

Urinary excretion of cyclic AMP in cadmium-intoxicated rats.

To obtain further information on the negative calcium balance caused by Cd, the factors associated with serum calcium and phosphorus homeostasis other than inhibition of intestinal calcium absorption were studied by using urinary cyclic 3',4'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In rats exposed to Cd for 30 d, the levels of urinary excretion of cAMP after treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH), parathyroidectomy (PTX), or 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-OH-D3) showed almost the same patterns as those of control rats: the response of urinary cAMP to treatment with PTH was not influenced by continuous oral administration of Cd. On the other hand, in rats exposed to Cd for 90 d without the other three treatments, the amount of urinary excretion of cAMP was markedly higher than in control rats. In PTX rats exposed to 90 d of Cd, urinary cAMP was unchanged, but it was markedly increased when the parathyroid was intact, with or without treatment with PTX. This phenomenon indicated hyperparathyroidemia in response to continuous oral administration of Cd for 90 d. The negative calcium balance with hyperparathyroidemia occurred after continuous oral administration of Cd and developed via increased urinary excretion of calcium. Urinary excretion of cAMP in Cd-exposed rats was unaffected by the administration of 1 alpha-OH-D3.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Environment: peculiar pigment cell neoplasm in fish.

Chromatophoroma in the croaker (Nibea mitsukurii) showed a unique geographic distribution. The contribution of environmental chemicals to the cause of chromatophoroma in the feral croaker is considered likely on the basis of the following results in our studies. 1) Chromatophoroma was induced in tank-reared N. mitsukurii by administration of certain kinds of known carcinogens such as 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and nifurpirinol. 2) Local accumulation of pigment-cell hyperplasia in the catfish (Protosus anguillaris) showed similar tendencies to those of chromatophoroma in N. mitsukurii. 3) Removal of contaminated sediment from the harbor and the river appeared to reduce the incidence from 47% in 1973-1983 to about 20% in 1985-1987. 4) Waste water from a factory located at the station where the incidence of the neoplasm was the highest contained mutagenic substances such as chloroacetones and glyoxals [5]. Exposure of catfish to the waste water induced pigment-cell hyperplasia on the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Morphea profunda--a cutaneo-pulmonary variant with profuse sweating.

A 51-year-old Japanese male developed morphea profunda over a plaque of pigmented sweating skin on the left chest extending deeply into the lung. Eight years previously, he noted a brown pigmented spot on the left axilla which started to enlarge over the left chest in a band-like manner. Later, the involved skin hardened with profuse sweating. Chest X-ray examination and computer tomography revealed a thickening of the left chest wall and a nodular mass lesion in the left lower lung field. Biopsy specimens from lung, chest wall, and overlying skin revealed a granulomatous tissue in the parenchyma and a marked fibrosis extending from the deep dermis to the pleura. There were no findings suggestive of malignancy or chronic infectious disease. We assume that the process of morphea in this patient extended deeply from the skin to the lung.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Molecular mechanism of complex infection by bacteria and virus analyzed by a model using serratial protease and influenza virus in mice.

We examined the effect of a serratial exoprotease on the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice as a model of complicated respiratory infection by bacteria and virus in humans. The 56-kilodalton (56-kDa) protease from Serratia marcescens was administrated intranasally to mice at a dose of 10, 20, or 40 micrograms from day 0 to day 3 after inoculation of the influenza virus. Administration of the protease resulted in remarkable enhancement of the lethal effect of the virus and enhancement of pathological changes in the lungs. Influenza virus replication, determined by plaque-forming assay, was accelerated by the protease. Namely, we found a 100-fold increase in virus yield by day 2. The 56-kDa protease caused generation of plasmin activity in the lungs. In vitro experiments showed that plasmin greatly enhanced the yield of influenza virus, although the effect of the 56-kDa protease by itself was much lower than that of plasmin. Furthermore, the 56-kDa protease could induce plasmin production indirectly via activation of plasminogen by the Hageman factor-dependent cascade in the in vitro system. We conclude that this major serratial exoprotease has a deleterious effect on mice infected with influenza virus and that this effect seems to result from enhancement of viral growth by indirect acceleration of plasmin generation induced by the protease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Studies on two siblings with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (Hallopeau-Siemens) and the plasminogen activator and its inhibitor in the lesion.

Activities of plasminogen activators (PA) and their inhibitors were studied in the bullous lesions of 2 siblings with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). The hematological findings of the patients revealed hyperfibrinogenemia, hyper-gamma-globulinemia and marked thrombocytosis. The immunofluorescent studies showed strong deposits of plasminogen, fibrin-degenerative products and alpha 1-antitrypsin around the blister lesions. On the other hand, alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) was sparsely deposited. The levels of alpha 2-M in the blister fluid of the patients were also decreased in comparison with those from patients with other bullous dermatoses. The topical application of antibiotic ointment with strong PA inhibitor was clinically effective when applied to the blister and eroded lesions of the patients. These findings suggest that the increased activity of PA may play an important role in the development of blister formation in patients with RDEB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pulmonary involvement in patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: increased soluble IL-2 receptors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

A chronic spastic myelopathy associated with HTLV-I infection (HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: HAM) shows subclinical pulmonary involvement with bronchoalveolar T lymphocytosis. In the present study, we investigated 18 patients with HAM: five HTLV-I carriers without myelopathy and 13 normal control subjects seronegative for HTLV-I to determine if soluble IL-2 receptors (IL-2R), a marker of lymphocyte activation, were increased in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from HAM patients. Serum IL-2R levels were significantly increased in patients with HAM as compared to normal control subjects (HAM versus control subjects: 633 +/- 395 versus 278 +/- 53 U/ml, p less than 0.01). There was also an increase of serum IL-2R levels in one of five HTLV-I carriers. BAL levels of soluble IL-2R were low but detectable in four normal control subjects and in one HTLV-I carrier. In HAM patients, however, soluble IL-2R levels in BAL fluid were remarkably elevated (173 +/- 110 U/mg of albumin) and were nearly 13 times higher on average than in serum (BAL fluid/serum ratio: 13 +/- 10). In patients with HAM, lavage IL-2R levels correlated well with the number of T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) and CD4+ cells in BAL fluid (p less than 0.01). Furthermore, BAL lymphocytes obtained from HAM patients synthesized DNA spontaneously when cultured in vitro. These results suggest that, in HAM, T lymphocytes increased in the lung are activated locally to produce soluble IL-2R. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that immunologic mechanism(s) may play an important role in the development of pulmonary lesions in HAM patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

HLA-DQw3 in Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Trichosporon cutaneum.

The phenotype of the major histocompatibility complex, loci A, B, C, DR, and DQ, was studied in 66 patients with Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Trichosporon cutaneum, and the results were compared with those obtained from 472 normal healthy subjects. Our results showed an increase in the frequency of HLA-DQw3 antigen in the patients (66% compared with 49% in the normal healthy control subjects: chi 2 = 5.48, p = 0.018, RR = 1.92), suggesting the importance of the host factors for the generation of this disease. The association between HLA-DQw3 as an immune suppression gene and the disease is discussed.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1989

Reductive biotransformation of 3-oxo bile acids in human blood.

7 alpha,12 alpha-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-5 beta-cholanoic acid labeled with 18O atoms was incubated with human blood, and the biotransformation products were separated and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as the pentafluorobenzyl ester-trimethylsilyl and -dimethylethylsilyl ether derivatives. 3 beta,7 alpha,12 alpha-Trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid was identified as a main metabolite. When 3-oxo bile acid was incubated with human blood denatured at 70 degrees C for 2 min, no metabolites were formed. The enzymic reduction activity proved to be localized in the red blood cell fraction.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1989

Plasma thyroxine-binding proteins and thyroid hormone levels in primate species; is callithricidae thyroid hormone resistant?

Thyroxine(T4)-binding to serum proteins in primates; catarrhini, prosimiae, and platyrrhini were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis T4 binding analysis. From the electrophoretic analysis, it was shown that thyroxine-binding proteins similar to human thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) were present in catarrhini and prosimiae species, but not in platyrrhini (callithricidae and cebidae). T4-binding analysis also revealed that catarrhini and prosimiae have a high affinity T4-binding protein similar to human TBG. The association constant (Ka) for T4 of the plasma proteins in these species was approximately 2.0 X 10(10) M-1. On the other hand, it was unable to demonstrate a high affinity binding site for T4 in the plasma of platyrrhini species. Both the total and free thyroid hormone concentrations in catarrhini and prosimiae were similar to those in human. Total T4 in cebidae, one of the platyrrhini species, was extremely low. Among 8 animals examined, T4 in 6 was undetectable by radioimmunoassay and the mean T4 of the other two was 2.8 micrograms/dl. However, free thyroid hormone concentrations were similar to those in human. In callithricidae, another platyrrhini species, T4 in plasma was 6.90 +/- 2.11, which is comparable to the level in normal human subjects. However, in this species, high-affinity T4-binding protein was lacking and free thyroid hormone concentrations were extremely high (most were higher than the assay limit). Although the thyroid function of callithricidae remains to be studied, it will be interesting if callithricidae is resistant to thyroid hormone action.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Results of a modified Stamey technique in the management of female urinary stress incontinence].

A modified Stamey technique was applied to nineteen women to control their stress incontinence. Needle puncture was reduced to one time for each side of the urethra by placing the Dacron sleeve parallel to the urethra. Postoperatively, the urethrovesical angle was reduced to be within normal limit, and functional urethral length and maximum urethral closure pressure increased significantly. All patients receiving the modified operation restored urinary continence without any significant complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Interleukin-5 induces maturation but not class switching of surface IgA-positive B cells into IgA-secreting cells.

There is a body of evidence suggesting that IgA production is regulated by helper T cells or their products. To elucidate molecular mechanisms of IgA production, the role of lymphokines in the in vitro antigen-specific and polyclonal IgA responses was examined. Supernatants from antigen-stimulated T cells or mitogen-stimulated T-cell clones can enhance 2,4-dinitro phenyl (DNP)-specific IgM, IgG1 and IgA production in cultures of DNP-ovalbumin (OVA)-stimulated T-cell-depleted spleen cells from DNP-keyhole limpet haemocyanin-primed mice. The IgA enhancement was inhibited by anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody. Purified recombinant IL-5 could also enhance anti-DNP IgA production in a dose-dependent manner. This enhancing effect was not substituted by IL-1, IL-2, IL-3 or IL-4. Polyclonal IgA secretion of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated normal B cells was augmented preferentially by IL-5, but not by IL-4. Surface IgA-positive (sIgA+) B cells, but not surface IgA-negative B cells, responded to IL-5 for the development of IgA-secreting cells. Limiting-dilution analysis revealed that IL-5 increases the frequency of IgA-secreting cells in sIgA+ B-cell populations. These results indicate that IL-5 plays an essential role in the antigen-specific and polyclonal IgA formation as a maturation-inducing factor rather than class-switching factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Statistical studies on scabies at Division of Dermatology, Urakawa Red Cross Hospital].

Scabies is a relatively common skin disease caused by the itch mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Because of its strong contagious capacity, social problems especially as sexual transmission or massive infection in school children arise quite frequently. Since we have experienced many scabies patients in our outpatient clinic of Urakawa Red Cross Hospital, statistical analysis was attempted on patients from April 1976 to March 1987, in order to contribute to prevention and control of the disease. Results have been obtained as follows: (1) The total number of scabies patients was 496 that is 1.96% of the total number of new outpatients seen in this period. (2) Sex ratio was 1.33 (male): 1 (female), slightly higher in male. (3) As to the age distribution, the highest peak was 3rd decade of life. (4) Compared with previous reports, the ratio of children and elders was remarkably high. (5) Massive infection was observed in one nursing home and one hospital. (6) As to the seasonal distribution, the number of patients was high from October to March, and the highest peak was November. (7) We compared three kinds of scabies and discussed about the useful effect of gamma-BHC in the cure and prevention of the disease, comparing with crotamiton and benzyl benzoate.

Adolescent↗