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Biomedical subjects

M Adloff

Publications and source records attributed to M Adloff.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Biliary excretion of cefaclor. Experimental and clinical study.

Biliary excretion of cefaclor, a new orally active cephalosporin, was studied in vitro using an isolated rabbit liver preparation perfused for 3 h (n = 5). Under these conditions, bile recovery amounted to 2.3% of the cefaclor dose added to the circulating blood (10 mg). In humans, after oral administration of a 1-gram dose of cefaclor to cholecystectomized patients provided with a T tube (n = 10), a mean biliary peak concentration of 7.6 +/- 2.4 microgram/ml was observed at the 3rd hour. Cumulative biliary excretion amounted to 0.05% of the administered dose. Assays performed on samples collected during cholecystectomy in 10 patients 1 h after intake of a 1-gram dose of cefaclor showed mean concentrations of 13.7 +- 1.2 micrograms/ml in serum, 8.1 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml in common duct bile and 5.9 +/- 1.4 micrograms/ml in gallbladder bile. These results were compared with the data obtained after administration of seven other cephalosporins studied under identical conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative study of ultrasonography and scintigraphy in liver metastases detection in cases of colorectal carcinoma (author's transl)].

A comparative study has been realized to test the accuracy of ultrasonography and scintigraphy for detecting the presence of liver metastases in 305 patients with colorectal carcinomas. Presence or absence of hepatic metastases has been affirmed by laparotomy and biopsy. In the 47 cases with metastases, the sensitivity of ultrasonography was 93%, that of scintigraphy being 76%. In 258 cases without metastases the specificity of ultrasonography was 97%, that of scintigraphy being 92%. These results, confirmed by report in the published literature, show that ultrasonography should be the first examination for suspected hepatic metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of obstructive jaundice on wound healing. An experimental study in rats.

The effect of obstructive jaundice on wound healing was investigated in an experimental study of gastric and abdominal wounds in rats after ligation and division of the common bile duct. The healing of a parietal defect in these animals showed histologic evidence of delayed healing compared with controls. The bursting strength of the abdominal incision was also decreased, but not that of the stomach. These findings suggest that the biochemical changes in the wounds of jaundiced animals interfere with wound repair. The possible causes of this delay in healing and its clinical implications require further investigation.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1981

[Does obstructive jaundice adversely affect wound healing? Experimental study in rats (author's transl)].

The effect of obstructive jaundice on wound healing has been investigated in an experimental study of gastric and abdominal wounds in rats following ligation and division of the common bile duct. Our study demonstrates that the obstructive jaundice does not modify the healing of gastric defect whatever the post-operative time. On the opposite, the healing of a parietal defect in these animals showed histological evidence of delayed healing compared with controls. The bursting strength of the abdominal incision was also lowered, but not that of the stomachs. These findings suggest the biochemical changes in the wounds of jaundiced animals interfered with wound repair. The possible causes of this delay in healing and its clinical implications require further investigations by cytokinetic and radioisotope studies.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1981

[Pre-operative preparation of the colon: a controlled prospective multicentre study in 215 patients (author's transl)].

Three procedures for pre-operative preparation of the colon were compared during a controlled multicentre study in 215 patients. Though mechanical irrigation with a 10 p. cent mannitol solution is definitely superior as far as the degree of intestinal emptying obtained, no significant difference was noted in the frequency or severity os postoperative infections after conventional preparations by digestive tract irrigation with or without intestinal antibiotics. This method is limited by its tolerance (67 p. cent), its advantages are its rapidity and cost, elective indications being ascending colon lesions with little or no stenosis in young subjects. In other circumstances it has to be compared with the conventional methods of preparation, which should still be employed before operation in subjects who are elderly and/or have moderate to severe stenosis. The addition of antibiotics (neomycin, metronidazole by mouth) reduces the incidence of postoperative sepsis to a marked but non-significant degree, independently of the lesion (cancer, sigmoiditis) and its site. A recent study by F. Lazorthes has led him to prefer an association of antibiotics active against aerobic and anaerobic flora: orally preoperatively, and systemically during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Experimental and clinical study of the biliary excretion of cefamandole (author's transl)].

Using the isolated rabbit liver perfusion model, it could be shown that 11.1% of 10 mg of cefamandole added to the circulating blood were recovered in the 3 hours collected bile. The maximal biliary antibiotic activity averaged 214 +/- 37 microgram/ml. In humans a peak concentration of 19.0 +/- 6.1 microgram/ml could be measured in the aspirated duodenal fluid (n = 5) 1 hour after a single intravenous injection of 1 g of cefamandole. In 10 patients provided with a Kehr's drainage, a mean biliary peak of 141.4 +/- 86.4 microgram/ml was observed at the 2nd hour after administration of the same dose of cefamandole. Assays performed during cholecystectomy showed 1 after the intravenous injection of 1 g of cefamandole mean values of 64.0 +/- 18.0 microgram/ml in the gallbladder bile and 87.2 +/- 16.1 microgram/ml in the common duct bile. These data are compared with those obtained by administration of 11 other beta-lactamines under similar experimental and clinical conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative study of ultrasonography and oral cholecystography in gallbladder lithiasis detection (author's transl)].

A comparative study has been realized to test the accuracy of oral cholecystography versus real time ultrasonography in 150 patients with gallbladder lithiasis surgery. Oral cholecystography correctly diagnosed 107 cases (70%), whereas ultrasonography diagnosed gallbladder lithiasis in 145 or in 96,5% of the cases. Failure of the technique in the remaining cases was related to a scleroatrophic gall bladder with stones of less than 3 mm. These results confirm that ultrasonography must be proposed as the first examination for the diagnosis of gallstones.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1980

[Oesophageal resection for cancer using mechanical suture (author's transl)].

The authors describe a technique of oesophageal resection in which mechanical sutures are used for gastro-oesophageal anastomosis. In the first, abdominal stage, a large gastrectomy is performed, with ligature of the coronary artery of the stomach at its point of origin. The right thoracic approach is then used for gastro-oesophagal anastomosis, which is carried out prior to resection of the cancerous part of the oesophagus, using a TA 90 forceps.

Coronary Vessels↗
PubMed1980

Stapled vs sutured colorectal anastomosis.

Performance of low, anterior colorectal anastomosis by means of stapled end-to-end anastomoses and hand sutures was achieved in 51 patients. Among the 26 stapled anastomoses, leakage and external fistula were observed in two cases, but subsequent surgery has never been necessary. Conversely, hand sutures were associated with external fistula again in two cases, but leakage and peritonitis were observed in two other cases. It is suggested that stapled anastomoses are at least as reliable as sutured, colorectal anastomoses. Moreover, the stapling device enables the surgeon not only to extend the range of anterior resection to lower tumors but also to extend the level of resection below the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

An attempt is made to define the usefulness and limitations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) radioimmunoassay for evaluation of diagnosis, tumor resection, and detection of tumor relapse in 108 patients with colorectal carcinoma. Preoperative CEA levels were correlated with pathologic stage and tumor localizations. Increasing levels of CEA were found with the advanced stage of the disease (stage C and D lesions). Our results indicate that 1) an incomplete drop in circulating CEA level one month after surgery is a bad prognostic sign and 2) relapses of colonic and rectal carcinoma can be detected by increased CEA levels months before the appearance of any clinical evidence.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

Side-to-end anastomosis in low anterior resection with the EEA stapler.

A technical variant of the end-to-end colorectal anastomosis performed with the EEA stapler is described. It realizes a side-to-end anastomosis, performed via the oral-aboral route. In this manner, indications for stapled anastomoses can be extended to patients with discrepancy in bowel size, and where operative findings involve low anterior resection, with the patient not in the lithotomy--Trendelenburg position. The technique has been used with safety in 17 patients with colorectal and ileorectal anastomoses.

Colon↗