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Biomedical subjects

L Jacobsson

Publications and source records attributed to L Jacobsson.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The comprehesive psychopathological rating scale--CPRS--in patients with schizophrenic syndromes. Inter-rater reliability and in relation to Mårtens' S-scale.

In the course of a multicenter controlled trial of the effects of neuroleptic drugs on patients with schizophrenic or paranoid syndromes a comparison was made between the Swedish symptom rating scale--Mårtens' S-scale especially designed for patients with schizophrenic syndromes--and a new rating scale--the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale--CPRS. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the two scales was found to be 0,48 and as the inter-rater reliability for both scales was found to be quite satisfactory the validity of the scales is discussed. The CPRS scale was found to be easy to handle even for untrained doctors and in a separate study of inter-rater reliability where 5 doctors saw 16 patients a quite satisfactory reliability rk = 0,70--0.97, was found for 33 out of 39 items. In some items, espically those concerning different aspects of affective disturbances a lower inter-rater reliability was found but these items have been revised in later versions of the scale.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A multi-aspects classification of mental disorders. Experiences from clinical routine work and preliminary studies of inter-rater reliability.

A multi-aspects classification model--MACM--is presented. Several studies concerning reliability between diagnosticians, both trained and untrained psychiatrists from the department, trained psychiatrists from other departments, students, psychologists and social workers are presented and comparisons are made with diagnosis according to ICD-8. The MACM seems to be a step forward and seems to have many advantages over a multi-category system.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1977

Fluid turnover in renal cysts.

Cystic puncture was performed percutaneously in 18 patients with solitary renal cysts and in 22 with multiple, congenital renal cysts. With the aid of tritiated water it was possible to estimate the fluid turnover in the cysts and compare it with their volume, pressure and potassium and creatinine levels. Fluid turnover was rapid in all the renal cysts. Two to five hours after i.v. injection of tritium, the tritium concentration in cystic fluid averaged 88% of the concentration in plasma fluid in patients with polycystic kidneys and 73 percent in patients with solitary cysts. Fluid turnover was more rapid in small than in large cysts, but there was no such difference between cysts with high and low pressure. It is possible that the fluid turnover was slightly faster in cysts with high potassium and creatinine levels than in those with low levels. The results show that the fluid turnover in a renal cyst of 10 ml is considerable--probably more than 100 ml/24 hours. This indicates that fluid inflow to the cyst comes mainly from cells in the cyst wall and not from a single glomerule. Fluid probably leaves the cyst actively via cells in the cyst wall, since the fluid turnover does not increase with high cyst pressure. The fluid turnover is probably secondary to the active solute transportation, which is performed by the cyst cells. This means that these cells have a tubular cell-like function and should respond to pharmacotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Changes in psychopathology in relation to EEG variables and visual averaged evoked responses (V.AER) in schizophrenic patients treated with penfluridol or thiothixene.

In a study of 28 schizophrenic in-patients treated with penfluridol or thiothixene, patients were followed with clinical ratings, EEG variables, the mean integrated amplitude (MIA) on both the left and right sides--both with filters with frequency ranges from 7.5 to 13.5 and 0.5 to 25 Hz--as well as its within-patient variance (WPV) on both sides and with both filters, and also with visual averaged evoked responses (V.AER). Moreover, determinations of plasma levels of the drugs were conducted in a search for possible objective measurements of the effects of the treatment, but also to try to find measurements that would make it possible to predict the outcome of treatment. MIA left/right and WPV left/right were found to be the most promising variables to follow the effect of treatment, which were correlated to factors 1 and 2 of the Mårten's S-scale. WPV left/right before treatment was correlated to changes in factor 4 of the S-scale during the trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Controlled trial of penfluridol and thiothixene in the maintenance treatment of chronic schizophrenic syndromes.

In a controlled trial of penfluridol and thiothixene as maintenance drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenic syndromes, some improvement over previous neuroleptics was seen with both drugs. This improvement was mainly evident in variables concerned with participation in social activities as assessed with the S-scale and by ward behaviour. The drug dosages necessary were very low and gave few and easily manageable side-effects. There was no significant difference between penfluridol and thiothixene. Penfluridol has the clear practical advantage of being the only long-acting drug for oral administration so far available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Penfluridol and thiothixene. Dosage, plasma levels and changes in psychopathology.

Plasma levels of penfluridol and thiothixene were studied after 4 weeks treatment in a double-blind controlled trial of 47 patients suffering from chronic schizophrenic syndromes. There was found a tenfold variation in plasma levels for penfluridol, and about a twentyfold variation for thiothixene. For penfluridol, a significant correlation between dosage and plasma level and also between dosage and changes in psychopathology as regards factor 5 in the Märtens & Jonsson S scale which comprises the items most characteristic of a schizophrenic syndrome, was found. For thiothixene, a significant correlation between plasma levels and changes in factor 5 was found. A gas-chromatographic method for penfluridol is also described.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical experiences with the new antidepressive agent ICI 58,834].

In an open study 17 patients with depressive disorders, 5 patients with unipolar affec. Only 9 patients completed the trial. The frequency of side-effects, especially nausea and vomiting was high, which will probably limit the clinical use of the drug. Of the sion NUD, were treated with a new potential antidepressant, ICI 58.834 (Vivalan). tive psychosis, 9 patients with reactio-neurotico-depressiva and 3 patients with deprespatients who completed the trial 1 was recovered and 4 were improved. Thus the antidepressive effect is dubious and must be tested in controlled studies.

Administration, Oral↗