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Biomedical subjects

L Forsberg

Publications and source records attributed to L Forsberg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Accuracy of radiological staging procedures in non-seminomatous testis cancer compared with findings from surgical exploration and histopathological studies of extirpated tissue.

Preliminary and reviewed statements describing results from abdominal CT and US were compared with surgical findings and with the report from the histopathological investigation of extirpated retroperitoneal tissue. No false positive diagnoses of retroperitoneal metastases were made by CT investigation, while US made one false positive but revealed metastases in one patient overlooked by CT. The overall accuracies (correct answers/all patients) were 81% with CT and 80% with US (31 and 21 patients in Group I respectively). Surgical exploration alone was no more sensitive than either of the two other methods. CT and US are highly reliable when positive but the risks of obtaining false negative results are considerable.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography and ultrasonography for diagnosis of hip joint effusion in children.

Nineteen consecutive children with transient synovitis of the hip were examined for intracapsular joint effusion using computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US). The two techniques were highly correlated in measurements of the anterior displacement of the joint capsule, indicating both to be reliable diagnostic tools. Such an effusion is clinically important because of the increase in intracapsular pressure with ensuing disturbance in the vascular supply to the proximal femoral epiphysis, as demonstrated experimentally and clinically in transient synovitis.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Sonography, arthroscopy, and intracapsular pressure in juvenile chronic arthritis of the hip.

Sonography was used in the preoperative evaluation of the hip joint in 14 patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA). The joint capsule distension found at sonography and the intracapsular pressure were increased in patients with severe synovitis revealed at arthroscopy. Sonography and intracapsular pressure-recording can be recommended for assessments of synovitis of the hip joint in JCA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Low prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in hypertensive patients. A population-based study.

The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) was estimated by ultrasonography in hypertensives in the age group 50-70 years in geographically defined population. Only one case of AAA was found among 245 patients. This rather unexpected result implies a probability of less than 5% that the true prevalence of AAA is as high as 2% in hypertensives. Our population-based study indicates a lower prevalence than earlier studies based on necropsies and is an example of research cooperation between primary health care and specialized hospital care.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Preoperative ultrasonography of the undescended testis.

In a prospective study during 1981-1983 42 boys aged 3-12 (mean 6.5) years were operated on for a palpable undescended testis. Twelve boys 3-8 (mean 4) years old were operated on for an unpalpable testis and 2 boys for an ectopic testis. The day before operation an ultrasound examination was performed. Reoperations were made on 11 patients and a bilateral operation on 2. In total, 69 ultrasound examinations were made. Comparison of the position at operation and ultrasound showed accordance in 47 of the 55 cases with only a slight variation of the position in 8 cases. Of the 12 non-palpated testes the ultrasonography showed 4 testicles, 3 non-testis-like formations and no finding in 5 cases. Exploration of these 5 latter cases showed an aplasia testis in 4 and a small intraabdominal testis in 1 boy. Preoperative ultrasonography can be recommended in case of an unpalpable testis in a boy not previously operated on in the inguinal area. Ultrasonography is particularly valuable before reaching a decision on hormonal therapy.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Intracapsular pressure in transient synovitis of the hip.

Fourteen consecutive children with symptoms of transient synovitis of the hip were examined with sonography regarding intracapsular effusion, with scintimetry regarding blood-flow in the proximal femoral epiphysis (PFE) and with intracapsular pressure recording and aspiration. All patients had an intracapsular effusion. Intracapsular pressure was found to depend on the position of the hip. The mean pressure with hips in extension and inward rotation was 22.6 kPa (170 mm Hg) whereas in 45 degrees of flexion it was 2.3 kPa. In two cases scintimetry demonstrated reduced blood flow to the PFE; after aspiration, isotope uptake returned to normal, indicating that increased intracapsular pressure has a harmful effect on circulation to the PFE. Children with transient synovitis should be treated with the hips in 45 degrees of flexion to reduce intracapsular pressure. Forcing the hip in extension causes a risk of ischaemia of the PFE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Occlusion of renal arterial tumor supply with absolute ethanol. Experience with 20 cases.

Absolute ethanol was used for renal ablation in 20 patients with carcinoma of the kidney. The procedure was followed by nephrectomy in 6 patients without metastases, all of whom are alive without evidence of recurrence 4 to 20 months after treatment. Fourteen patients with metastatic or locally advanced disease were embolized to palliate pain or hematuria without subsequent nephrectomy. Of these only 2 are alive, 4 and 18 months following the procedure. The technique for ethanol embolization is described and the use of occluding balloon catheters is recommended. No complications were encountered and the 'postembolization syndrome' was less marked as compared with a previous material of equal size where other methods of renal artery occlusion were employed. Microscopic examination in 10 of the infarcted kidneys showed extensive tumor necroses, sometimes with no evidence of viable tumor cells at all. Natural killer cell activity was determined before and 48 hours after renal artery occlusion in 7 patients, showing somewhat increased activity in 4. It is concluded that absolute ethanol is a safe, effective and easily administered agent for the infarction of renal tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

Eighty-two patients with right upper quadrant pain and a clinical suggestion of acute cholecystitis had their gallbladder and biliary ducts ultrasonographically examined in the period immediately following admission to the hospital. Biliary calculi or signs of cholecystitis, or both, were found in 65 per cent of the cases at ultrasound examination. An additional 10 per cent had pathologic changes unrelated to the biliary tract. In 44 of 48 cases the presence of calculi or inflammation could be confirmed at surgery, autopsy or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography. Only one patient with a normal ultrasound examination was later found to have a small calculus in a common bile duct of normal caliber.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Renal function after urinary diversion. A study of continent caecal reservoir, ileal conduit and colonic conduit.

Total and separate renal function, renal parenchymal thickness and dilatation of the upper urinary tract were studied in 40 patients preoperatively and 24 to 67 months after urinary diversion, using 51Cr-EDTA clearance test, scintillation camera renography and urography. In ten patients a continent caecal reservoir was used for diversion. In the other patients, an ileal or a colonic conduit (15 patients with each method) was used, one ureter being implanted with an anti-reflux method and the other with direct technique. Renal function following urinary diversion showed little or no deterioration in most patients. The functional outcome was not related to the method of diversion or, in the conduit groups, to the mode of ureteral implantation. Serum creatinine tests and urography were not adequate for determining loss of renal function. Radionuclide studies proved to be valuable for assessing renal function after urinary diversion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Computed tomography and ultrasound studies of prostatic utricle cyst associated with unilateral renal agenesis. A case report.

A case history is presented regarding a prostatic utricle cyst associated with unilateral renal agenesis in a young man. The cause of this developmental defect is elucidated. The diagnostic findings using computed tomography and ultrasound examination in addition to intravenous pyelography are reported and the value of these new examinations is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Budd-Chiari syndrome. Report of a case, successfully treated with a meso-caval shunt.

A young woman with the Budd-Chiari syndrome is described. About 2 months after the onset of her illness, a mesocaval shunt with a 14-mm Gore-Tex prosthesis was performed. She recovered rapidly after the operation and returned to work 5 weeks postoperatively. Two years after the operation, hepatic veins were clearly visualized by ultrasound. The impact of early portosystemic shunting on prognosis in these cases is discussed and the value of modern ultrasonography is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pulsed Doppler and B-mode ultrasound features of interposition meso-caval and porta-caval shunts.

Twenty patients, 13 with meso-caval and 7 with porta-caval shunts were examined with B-mode static and dynamic ultrasound to determine patency of the shunt. Nine of these patients were also examined with pulsed Doppler. In order to confirm the ultrasonic and Doppler findings, angiography was performed in 17 of the 20 patients. Ultrasound examination, which gives anatomic information reflecting changes in flow associated with a shunt, accurately suggested the patency or non-patency of the shunt in all 20 patients. Doppler examination, which gives physiologic information about blood flow and direction of flow, accurately determined patency of the shunt in all 9 cases. Angiography confirmed the ultrasonic and Doppler conclusions in all 17 patients. Ultrasound and Doppler criteria for patency of caval shunts are established. It has been demonstrated that ultrasound examination with pulsed Doppler flow study can reliably determine the patency of porta-systemic shunts. The use of invasive angiographic studies should be reserved for the patients where ultrasound and Doppler examinations suggest shunt occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Examination of the pathological scrotum with dynamic and static ultrasound.

Ultrasound examination was performed on 51 patients with clinically pathological scrotum who all underwent surgery. Twenty patients had extratesticular disease and 31 patients had intratesticular disease. The disease was located correctly by ultrasound in all cases. It was, however, not possible to tell a malignant from a benign lesion, or a teratoma from a seminoma. A combination of contact scanning with direct palpation of the lesion and scanning through a water bath or similar "stand-off' arrangement is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Erectile function before and after aorto-iliac reconstruction: a comparison between measurements of Doppler acceleration ratio, blood pressure and angiography.

The penile circulation was assessed in 20 males submitted to aorto-iliac reconstructive surgery by preoperative angiography and Doppler measurement of penile acceleration ratio (PAR) and penile blood pressure pre- and postoperatively. Ten patients had erectile dysfunction preoperatively. Four of them regained erections after operation and a 5th patient got values indicating the same. One patient lost his erectile capacity due to resection of a wide collateral whereas another had his erections impaired but not lost by the operation. As a diagnostic tool the PAR method was better than the systolic penile blood pressure which was prone to under-diagnosis. We recommend the registration of both in patients with erectile dysfunction or occlusive arterial disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasound in sciatica.

Investigation of the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal by ultrasound has shown a relative stenosis in patients with sciatica. In this study 12 patients who had recovered uneventfully after being operated on for herniated lumbar discs were found to have a broader spinal canal than 10 patients treated in the same way but still suffering from pain. Moreover, more difficulty was experienced investigating this latter group with the described "B-scan" technique. It is suggested that a preoperative ultrasound investigation would be able to indicate a narrow spinal canal and thereby reduce the number of disc operation failures.

Adult↗