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Biomedical subjects

L B Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to L B Hansen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Uncemented two-component femoral prosthesis for the hip joint. A 50-month follow-up study.

The Monk Duopleet femoral interlocking uncemented two-component endoprosthesis consists of a polyethylene cup covered by a metal cap and an Austin-Moore type stem. Seventy-two patients (average age, 71 years) were treated by this arthroplasty: 27 for subcapital femoral neck fracture, 36 for osteoarthritis, and nine as an exchange operation. Three patients died following operation. After a mean follow-up time of 50 months, 47 patients were reexamined clinically and radiographically. Because of loosening, four patients had the prosthesis removed. Twenty-six patients were classified as excellent, 12 as good, six as fair, and three as poor. There were no cases of acetabular intrusion. The Monk Duopleet prosthesis may solve the problem of the loosening that had been associated with femoral component alone. The long-term results are promising and appear to be better than the results of the standard Moore prosthesis. The Monk Duopleet prosthesis is an alternative to other two-component endoprostheses for the treatment of subcapital hip fractures and in the group of patients suffering from osteoarthritis, where an arthroplasty with a cemented prosthesis may be considered hazardous because of age or general disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Therapeutic advantages of monitoring plasma concentrations of perphenazine in clinical practice.

Two hundred and twenty-eight acute paranoid psychotic in-patients received continuous treatment with perphenazine for a period of at least 5 weeks, before blood samples were taken to determine perphenazine plasma levels and conclusions regarding therapeutic efficacy and motor side effects. Patients with plasma concentrations within the range of 2-6 nmol/l showed an excellent antipsychotic response, concomitantly with a low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects. However, patients with plasma levels below or above this range either demonstrated a poor therapeutic response or a high degree of side effects respectively. The results indicate that with increasing age significantly lower doses of perphenazine are required to ensure an optimal clinical response. No difference, however, was seen between sexes with regard to dose response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetic implications of different oil vehicles used in depot neuroleptic treatment.

On separate occasions two male schizophrenic inpatients were given intramuscular injections of equal amounts of perphenazine decanoate dissolved in sesame oil and Viscoleo, respectively. Substantially more even, but also lower perphenazine plasma concentrations were found within the dose intervals following the injections of perphenazine decanoate dissolved in sesame oil compared to the intervals following the Viscoleo-preparation. The occurrence of extrapyramidal side effects were consistent with the magnitude of the perphenazine plasma concentrations. The results support the importance of selecting an appropriate oil vehicle in a depot neuroleptic.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Perphenazine decanoate in sesame oil vs. perphenazine enanthate in sesame oil: a comparative study of pharmacokinetic properties and some clinical implications.

Ten schizophrenic inpatients were each treated with perphenazine enanthate (PE) and perphenazine decanoate (PD). Following a cross-over study design it was possible to evaluate differences in plasma profiles between the two preparations, and to relate these to encountered side effects. All patients had previously been receiving neuroleptic treatment and had been diagnosed according to DSM-III. The dosage and intervals between injections were on an individual basis. The results indicate that at all dosage levels, the decanoate preparation showed significantly lower peak plasma concentrations of perphenazine. Extrapyramidal side effects and sedation were also less pronounced after the administration of PD. The more even and flat plasma concentrations obtained with PD, may facilitate plasma monitored therapy by using minimum concentration values.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Correlated response of udder dimensions to selection for milk yield in Holsteins.

Response to selection for milk yield in Holsteins was examined by a controlled selection experiment initiated in 1964. Foundation cows were paired by sire and divided randomly into two breeding groups, selection and control. Selection group was mated to four sires each year highest for Predicted Difference milk. Twenty bulls selected in 1964 as near breed average for milk sired all control cows. Milk yield was recorded for each lactation, and height of udder from ground, distances between teats, and perimeter and area bound by the four teats were measured at 30 to 75 days postpartum on 153 selection and 202 control cows over 14 yr. Most estimates of repeatability and heritability of udder dimensions before and after milking were .45 or larger. Correlations with milk yield were negative for udder height and positive for other udder measurements. Selection cows exceeded controls for lactational milk yield. Daughters of high milk bulls had greater distances between teats, greater perimeters, and larger areas of udder floor. Selection cows did not differ from controls in udder height for first parity but were below controls in udder height and had udders that collapsed more for all parities.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Perphenazine decanoate vs. perphenazine enanthate: efficacy and side effects in a 6 week double-blind, comparative study of 50 drug monitored psychotic patients.

In a six-week randomized, double-blind study the efficacy and side effects of perphenazine decanoate (PD) and perphenazine enanthate (PE) were evaluated and compared in 26 and 24 acute psychotic patients respectively. Of either formulation 100 mg were administered intramuscularly every two weeks. Maximum and minimum plasma concentrations of perphenazine were measured for each injection period using gas liquid chromatography. There was no statistically significant difference between PD and PE in terms of overall antipsychotic efficacy, assessed by means of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). However, when an 'Amelioration Score' (AMS) of at least 50% of the totally obtainable scores was defined as individual response criterion it was revealed that the PD group only one patient (4%) did not meet this criterion, compared with six patients (25%) in the PE group. Extrapyramidal side effects were significantly more pronounced in the PE-treated patients, who also required significantly higher amounts of antiparkinson medication. The mean maximum concentration of perphenazine in plasma was 5.0 nmol/l in the PD, and 10.6 nmol/l in the PE-treated patients. The ratio of the mean maximum to the mean minimum concentration was 1.41 and 4.02 in the decanoate and enanthate groups respectively. In the patients treated with PD there were signs of accumulation indicating the possibility of prolonging dosage intervals. The present study yielded further support to previous findings demonstrating that intramuscular administration of PD dissolved in sesame oil, in contrast to PE, results in even and flat plasma perphenazine concentration curves, which not only provides a stable antipsychotic effect but also most likely carry the responsibility for the low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term depot neuroleptic treatment with perphenazine decanoate. I. Efficacy and side effects in a 12 month study of 42 drug monitored psychotic patients.

In an open, prospective 12 month study of perphenazine decanoate (PD), 42 psychotic patients diagnosed according to DSM-III were treated with a fixed depot interval and an individual dose, guided by gas chromatographic perphenazine plasma concentration monitoring combined with clinical evaluation. Degree of illness was rated using a social-psychiatric CGI-scale and extrapyramidal side effects were evaluated by means of a modified Simpson and Angus rating scale. After six months of treatment, a statistically significant improvement was found (p less than 0.001). During the last six months a further slight reduction in mean CGI-scores was observed. Mild to moderate extrapyramidal side effects occurred in 9 patients (21%) principally during the initial phase of therapy. No other side effects or changes in blood chemistry were found during the study. Plasma concentrations of perphenazine increased during the initial 3 months and stabilized hereafter. There were however, large intra- and inter-individual variations in the perphenazine plasma concentration/dose ratio. In addition, it was observed that plasma concentrations of perphenazine were significantly higher in patients who had been treated with neuroleptics for more than 10 years compared to those who had been treated 5 years or less. This observation indicates gradual development of tolerance to neuroleptic treatment. This study demonstrates that PD is a safe and effective remedy for maintenance therapy in psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term depot neuroleptic treatment with perphenazine decanoate. II. Different depot intervals in the last 6 months of a 12 month study of 42 drug monitored psychotic patients.

In order to investigate the feasibility of administering perphenazine decanoate (PD) at three week intervals the 42 patients participating in the previously reported open, prospective 12 month study were, after six months, treated according to the following scheme: 21 patients continued to receive injections every two weeks (group I), whereas in the remaining 21 patients the intervals between injections were extended to 3 weeks (group II). Both groups continued to respond equally well to therapy. Moreover it was observed that the mean daily dose of perphenazine was significantly reduced when using 3 weeks intervals. This study demonstrates that PD administered every 3 weeks is a safe and effective remedy for maintenance therapy in psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Variances, repeatabilities, and age adjustments of yield and fertility in dairy cattle.

Breeding receipts from artificial insemination were matched with records of milk yield from northeastern United States. Nine measures of yield and 10 measures of fertility were investigated. A completely random model with herd-year-season, sire, and interaction of sire by herd-year-season was applied by parity; interaction of sire by herd-year-season was not important except possibly for fertility of virgin heifers. Sires accounted for 6 to 7% of yield variation and herd-year-seasons accounted for about 45%. Measures of fertility had small sire variances, and herd-year-season variance was much smaller than for yield. Effects of age within parity were significant for yield from ordinary least-squares analysis. Age adjustment factors were obtained for measures of yield. Repeatabilities of first- and second-parity yield ranged from .40 to .61 whereas repeatabilities of fertility were .03 to .13. Repeatabilities of virgin heifer and first-parity fertility were .01 to .03, suggesting heifer and cow fertility may not be related.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Yield and fertility relationships in dairy cattle.

Measures of yield and fertility were obtained from breeding receipts of artificial insemination and records of test-day yield. Estimates of heritability were by Henderson Method 3, maximum likelihood, and restricted maximum likelihood. Heritabilities for measures of yield varied, but most were within the range of earlier estimates. Measures of fertility had heritabilities from 0 to .03. Alternative upper bounds were placed on days open, number of services, and service period, and always the measure with the lesser bound had higher heritability for first parity. Measures of yield for early stages of lactation had slight positive phenotypic correlations with fertility whereas those for measures of cumulative yield later in lactation increased in relation to effect of gestation. Genetic correlations of first-parity yield and most measures of fertility were positive and less influenced by stage of lactation than phenotypic correlations. Antagonism moderated for second parity. Most genetic correlations were not significantly different from zero for third parity. Considerable genetic antagonism of yield and fertility may be of limited consequence because estimates of genetic variance of fertility were near zero.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Association of heifer fertility with cow fertility and yield in dairy cattle.

Genetic correlations of heifer fertility and first-parity yield usually were negative and opposite in sign from genetic correlations of first-parity fertility and yield. Most estimates of genetic correlation between heifer and first-parity fertility were not significantly different from zero. Increasing yield may improve genetic potential for fertility, but stress of increased yield may overcome genetic potential for improved fertility. Days open and 305-day yield for first parity were considered with index selection; sires were evaluated on daughter performance. Days open had a small influence on the selection index; genetic gains in days open for first parity were largely offset by correlated losses in service period for heifers. Restricted index selection, holding days open constant, required considerable economic importance of days open.

Animals↗