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Biomedical subjects

L B Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to L B Hansen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Basal and insulin stimulated substrate metabolism in tumour induced hypoglycaemia; evidence for increased muscle glucose uptake.

While it has very recently been reported that tumour induced hypoglycaemia is characterised by elevated production of insulin-like growth factor 2, the tissues responsible for induction of hypoglycaemia are largely unknown. We have investigated a patient with a large retroperitoneal mass and spontaneous hypoglycaemia. When compared to a reference population the patient displayed: (1) An increased glucose disposal rate and a five-fold elevation of forearm glucose uptake. (2) A decreased endogenous glucose production rate. (3) Decreased circulating levels of lipid intermediates. (4) Increased glucose oxidation and decreased lipid oxidation. (5) Low circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor 2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 and normal levels of insulin-like growth factor 1. (6) Normal insulin sensitivity (euglycaemic glucose clamp). Blood concentrations of insulin, C-peptide, proinsulin, glucagon, growth hormone and catecholamines were within normal range, but the growth hormone response to hypoglycaemia was blunted. The data suggest that the mechanisms behind tumour induced hypoglycaemia are of systemic nature and that the tissue most prominently affected is striated muscle.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1991

Inheritance of cow durability for linear type traits.

Final score and 14 linear type traits from appraisal by the Holstein Association were analyzed to assess inheritance of cow durability. Change of type scores from first to second parity (second minus first) was cow durability. Score for first parity, change of score from first to second parity, and FCM were simultaneously evaluated with a multiple-trait mixed model for each type trait. First analysis did not allow missing scores of cows for second parity, but subsequent analysis permitted missing data for second parity. When cows were required to have type scores for second parity, heritabilities for change of score were from zero (rear legs and foot angle) to 6% (final score). Genetic correlations of FCM and change of score were from -.35 (rump angle) to .24 (stature). When cows were not required to have type scores from second lactation, heritabilities for change of score were less than 8% for all traits except udder depth (17%). Except for dairy form and fore udder attachment, all genetic correlations of type scores from first lactation and change of score were positive. Seemingly, little new knowledge of linear type traits for ranking of sires was provided by appraisal of cows after first parity.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

Ketobemidone prodrugs for buccal delivery.

Various carboxylic acid and carbonate esters of the opioid analgesic ketobemidone were prepared and assessed as potential prodrugs with the aim of obtaining a ketobemidone formulation suitable for buccal or sublingual absorption. The chemical stability, enzymatic hydrolysis and lipophilicity characteristics of the esters were studied using HPLC assay procedures. All esters were rapidly hydrolyzed in human plasma, the half-lives ranging between 0.03 and 1.8 min. A marked enzymatic hydrolysis took place in whole human saliva, the half-lives of hydrolysis being in the range 3-295 min. All esters were more lipophilic than the parent ketobemidone, as determined by octanol-buffer partition experiments and by reversed-phase column chromatography. The relatively high resistance of the sterically hindered 3,3-dimethylbutyryl ester to undergo hydrolysis in saliva combined with its facile plasma-enzyme catalyzed conversion and high lipophilicity makes this ester the most promising prodrug candidate for buccal delivery.

Administration, Buccal↗
PubMed1991

[Osteomalacia of the semilunar bone].

The aetiology of avascular necrosis of the carpal lunate remains unknown. Kienböck's disease was long misinterpreted as gout, tendinitis or a sequela of subluxation. The diagnosis is obtained by x-ray of the wrist, which should not be delayed in cases of diffuse wrist pain, limitation of motion, or reduced strength in the hand. A good prognosis is closely correlated to early diagnosis. This review is focused on new biomechanical analyses and treatment methods for use in cases of Kienböck's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Achilles tendon ruptures operated on under local anesthesia. Retrospective study of 81 nonhospitalized patients.

During a 6-year period, 97 patients with an acute rupture of the Achilles tendon were operated on under local anesthesia as outpatients. At follow-up, 5/81 patients had some discomfort. A rerupture occurred in 3 patients shortly after commencing weight bearing and after substantial traumas. We conclude that there is no need to hospitalize patients with an Achilles tendon rupture.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1990

Inheritance of calf mortality for Brown Swiss cattle.

Worksheets with reports of calf mortality were voluntarily submitted by dairy producers to the Brown Swiss Cattle Breeders Association. Objective was to assess genetic and nongenetic factors influencing calf mortality of Brown Swiss. Multiple births were removed prior to analysis. Three traits recorded and analyzed were dead at birth, death through 2nd d after birth including dead at birth, and death from 1st to 7th d of life. Male calves were more likely to be dead at birth, to die through 2nd d, and to die from 1st to 7th d of life than female calves. Dead birth was greater for calves from primiparous than multiparous dams; however, death from 1st to 7th d did not differ by parity status of dam. Death from 1st to 7th d was greater from December to May than from June to November. Heritabilities for Brown Swiss were .05, .07, and .04 for dead at birth, dead through 2nd d, and death from 1st to 7th d, respectively. Mortality rates and heritabilities were similar to estimates for Holsteins from the literature. Rank correlations of sires for transmitting abilities of calf mortality and production were near zero.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Calving disorders of primiparous Holsteins from designed selection studies.

Primiparous Holsteins from designed studies were evaluated for edema, dystocia, and retained placenta. Genetic studies were 1) selection for large body size versus small body size, and 2) milk yield selection versus control (no selection). The large body size group was mated to sires with extreme estimates of transmitting ability for tall height and deep and wide bodies. Small body size group was mated to extreme sires for transmitting short height and shallow, narrow bodies. Large and small cows significantly differed only for edema, and small cows had scores suggesting more severe udder edema than large cows. Milk selection group was mated to the four highest sires for PTA milk each year, whereas a control group was mated to 20 randomly selected AI sires that were breed average for PTA milk in 1964. Selection groups for milk yield did not differ significantly for any of the calving disorders.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Abbrevatio: a new operation for chronic mallet finger.

An old, but hitherto unpublished, method for surgical correction of chronic mallet finger was carried out in 42 patients. In the abbrevatio operation, the elongated tendon is transected and resutured, after which the developing fibrous scar tissue usually causes adequate shrinkage for correcting the drop-deformity. The D.I.P. joint is transfixed with a K wire in slight hyperextension for six weeks. Forty patients were studied. The result was excellent in 16 patients (40%), good in 20%, fair in 17.5% and poor in 22.5%. On average, the extension defect was decreased from 38.2% to 11.8%. The method is a suitable alternative in patients with annoying chronic mallet finger who refuse arthrodesis or further conservative treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prediction of the optimal perphenazine decanoate dose based on blood samples drawn within the first three weeks.

During a 3-month period, 52 paranoid psychotic inpatients were treated with perphenazine decanoate (Trilafon decanoate) in order to determine a treatment schedule ensuring perphenazine serum levels within the optimal range (2-6 nmol/L). All patients received 1 ml (108 mg) perphenazine decanoate on days 0, 7 and 21, after which the doses and intervals were individually adjusted according to the clinical condition. It was shown that the sum of 2 measurements of perphenazine concentration early during treatment, viz., on days 14 and 21, correlates strongly (r = 0.96) with the steady-state level obtained after 3 months. Consequently, a nomogram for dose and length of interval could be elaborated giving steady-state serum levels of perphenazine of about 4 nmol/L, i.e., in the middle of the optimal concentration range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Patellectomy for chondromalacia.

Fifteen patients with 17 patellectomies for chondromalacia were evaluated after an average of 5.5 years. The average age was 38 years. No knees were rated as excellent, whereas 5 were rated as good, 9 as fair, and 3 as poor. However, 10 patients, including both bilateral patellectomies, were satisfied with the results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinical versus ultrasonographic evaluation of scrotal disorders.

Clinical and ultrasonographic examinations of scrotal disorders were compared in 166 patients in order to determine their ability to distinguish between those diseases requiring surgery and those requiring clinical follow-up only. Ultrasound examinations were efficient in discriminating between normal and pathological findings. Extra-testicular lesions were readily differentiated from testicular ones. Although both clinical and ultrasonographic examinations had high sensitivity (90%) in detecting testicular cancer, the number of false positive findings was smaller after ultrasound examination. This gave a predictive value of a positive test of 53% after ultrasound examination but only 33% after clinical examination. Ultrasound examination may, therefore, reduce the number of surgical explorations in the scrotum and should be performed in patients with suspected testicular pathology based on history and palpatory findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome elucidated through Søren Kierkegaard's authorship and life.

In 1975 American scientists postulated the existence of the temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome. The authors of this paper demonstrate that the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard in "The Book on Adler" 140 years ago has given an eminent phenomenological description of this syndrome. The authors at the same time state the hypothesis that Søren Kierkegaaard's description of Magister Adler actually might be a disguised self portrait.

Denmark↗
PubMed1987

Inheritance and relationships of linear type traits for age groups of Holsteins.

Routine classifications from the linear type trait program of the Holstein Association were analyzed separately for age groups. Inheritance of linear type traits and their genetic and phenotypic relationships were evaluated. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were compared to other studies with experimental classifications from the Holstein Association and with data from artificial insemination organizations across age groups. Evaluation of sires for type traits across age groups may not properly rank sires if ages of daughters differ for sires. Future genetic evaluations of type by the Holstein Association will consider only classifications of cows closest to 30 mo, so heritabilities for linear type traits for only 2 yr olds from this study may have application. Some linear type traits are very similar genetically. Stature has substantial genetic association with final score as subjectively assigned by classifiers.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Genetic basis of secondary type traits for Holsteins.

Classifications from the Holstein Association were for secondary and primary type traits. Full linear scale of 1 to 50 was used for primary type traits, but scores for secondary type traits perceived to be midscale (21 to 29) were not recorded. Scores for midscales were randomly assigned to cows based on normalized sire distributions from percentages of daughters scored 1 to 20 and 30 to 50. Procedure for assigning scores of 21 to 29 was tested with primary type traits and judged satisfactory. Estimates of heritability for secondary type traits agreed favorably with earlier estimates. Only three secondary type traits had heritability of at least .15, and they were relative height of front end, teat placement side view, and tailhead. Heritabilities for traits of legs and feet were uniformly low, and traits of legs and feet were closely related. Little practical gain was anticipated from selection for secondary type traits.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Health care of Holsteins selected for large or small body size.

Genetic groups of Holsteins selected for large size or small size were compared for health care needs. Two groups were formed from a paired foundation population. Large group was mated to sires with extreme estimates of transmitting ability for tall height and deep and wide bodies. Small group was similarly mated to extreme sires but to those transmitting short height and shallow and narrow bodies. Predicted Differences for milk and fat of sires were above breed average. Actual expenses for veterinary treatment, health supplies and drugs, and value of labor required of animal attendants were evaluated. Large cows required significantly more health care than small cows. Digestive disorders accounted for much of the group difference, and displaced abomasums were more frequent among large cows. Small cows may have economic advantages over large cows of the same breed.

Animal Husbandry↗