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Biomedical subjects

L B Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to L B Hansen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Injuries caused by falling soccer goalposts in Denmark.

OBJECTIVE: A falling soccer goalpost is associated with the potential risk of serious injury that can sometimes even be fatal. The aim of the study was to analyse the extent of the problem in Denmark and focus on the mechanism of injury and prevention. METHODS: Data were analysed for the period 1989-1997 from the European Home and Leisure Accident Surveillance System, which is an electronic register of the injuries seen in the casualty departments of the hospitals of five selected cities in Denmark representing 14% of the Danish population; in addition, fatal accidents in the whole of Denmark since 1981 were examined. Forty two injured persons were interviewed about the circumstances of the accident. Attempts were made to estimate the proportion of goalposts secured by counterweight in the five different regions, compared with the proportion secured with ground stakes and those that were unsecured, by analysing data from the largest producers of goalposts in Denmark. RESULTS: In the period 1981-1988, two fatal accidents were recorded. In the period 1989-1997, 117 people were injured by a falling goalpost; six of the injuries required hospitalisation. Some 88% of the injured were under the age of 15. In a telephone interview with 42 of the injured, 50% stated that the goalpost fell because someone was hanging on the crossbar. Comparing the five different regions with respect to the proportion of goalposts secured by counterweight and the number of accidents, the following relation was found. Areas in which a high percentage of the goalposts were secured by a counterweight correlated inversely with a high number of accidents (r = -0.9; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Soccer is a widely played sport and it is important to be aware that accidents caused by falling goalposts can occur and that they presumably can be prevented by proper use of goalposts, by using secure goalposts, and by securing old goalposts with a counterweight.

Accidents↗
PubMed1999

Productive life and reasons for disposal of Holstein cows selected for large versus small body size.

Holstein cows were compared for direct and correlated responses to selection for large versus small body size. The divergent selection lines differed for body weight, body dimensions, and birth weight of calves but did not differ for production or calving ease. Also, cows in the small line required fewer services to conception during first lactation than did cows in the large line. Cows in the body size lines differed for three reasons for disposal: udder conformation, which favored cows in the large line; problems with legs and feet, which favored cows in the small line; and a miscellaneous category, which included internal infections and favored cows in the small line. Productive life to a maximum of 6 yr was 87.7 d (15.4%) longer for cows in the small line than for cows in the large line. Continued selection for larger Holstein cows in North America might not be economically justifiable.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1999

Heritabilities of teat end shape and teat diameter and their relationships with somatic cell score.

Teat end shapes were categorized for 1740 Holstein cows with 2261 lactations in nine herds. Frequencies of teat end shapes were pointed, 7%; pointed disk, 1%; round, 43%; round ring, 16%; round flat, 5%; round disk, 11%; flat, 6%; disk, 10%; and inverted, 0.8%. Teat diameters were measured 1.5 cm from the end of the teat. Teat end lesions were visually classified into four categories: no lesion, rough ring, very rough, and ulcerated, raw appearance. Repeatability estimates for teat end shape and teat diameter were 0.75 and 0.36, respectively. Heritability estimates of teat end shape for first, second, and all lactations combined were 0.53, 0.44, and 0.56, respectively. Teat diameter heritabilities were 0.23, 0.27, and 0.35, respectively. The genetic correlation between teat end shape and teat diameter was 0.64. Linear somatic cell scores (SCS) averaged across lactation and adjusted for days in milk and for month and age at calving were available for single lactations of 1506 cows. Least squares means of SCS for categorically scored teat end shapes were computed from a model that included herd date, parity, days in milk, lesion, and teat diameter. Teat end shape and teat end lesion did not significantly affect SCS. Wider teat diameters were associated with higher SCS. Predicted transmitting abilities for SCS and udder composite index scores were available for 113 sires that had five or more daughters with teat end scores. Predicted transmitting abilities for SCS were significantly associated with udder composite index but not with sire solutions for teat end shape.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Photoaffinity labeling of the human receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator using a decapeptide antagonist. Evidence for a composite ligand-binding site and a short interdomain separation.

Binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) to its cellular receptor (uPAR) renders the cell surface a favored site for plasminogen activation. Recently, a 15-mer peptide antagonist of the uPA-uPAR interaction, with an IC50 value of 10 nM, was identified using phage display technology [Goodson, R. J., Doyle, M. V., Kaufman, S. E., and Rosenberg, S. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 91, 7129-7133]. In the present study, the molecular aspects of the interaction between this peptide and uPAR have been investigated. We have characterized the real-time receptor binding kinetics for the antagonist using surface plasmon resonance and identified critical residues by alanine replacements. The minimal peptide antagonist thus derived (SLNFSQYLWS) was rendered photoactivatable by replacing residues important for uPAR binding with photochemically active derivatives of phenylalanine containing either (trifluoromethyl)diazirine or benzophenone. These peptides incorporated covalently into purified soluble uPAR upon photoactivation, and this was inhibited by preincubation with receptor binding derivatives of uPA. The intact three-domain structure of uPAR was essential for efficient photoaffinity labeling. Proteolytic domain mapping using chymotrypsin revealed a specific labeling of both uPAR domain I and domains II + III dependent on the position of the photoprobe in the antagonist. On the basis of these studies, we propose the existence of a composite ligand binding site in uPAR combined of residues located in distinct structural domains. According to this model, a close spatial proximity between uPAR domain I and either domains II or III in intact uPAR is required for the assembly of this composite binding site. Since the receptor binding properties of the peptide antagonist closely mimic those of uPA itself, these two ligands presumably share coincident binding site in uPAR.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

[Lipomas and liposarcomas. 10-year incidence in a local area].

The aim of this study was to show the clinical expression and histologic diagnosis in 105 patients, 46 males and 59 females, treated for lipomas of the extremities. The coincidence between the histological and peroperative diagnosis was also evaluated. The patients were successively treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Glostrup county Hospital in the period 1978-88. Ninety-seven patients were found to have a lipoma and eight of the patients had a malignant tumour (liposarcoma). There were no significant differences in the appearance of malignancy with respect to age or sex. Tumours greater than 100 cm2 in size were significantly more often malignant than those less than 100 cm2. There was a considerable discrepancy between the surgeon's peroperative judgement of malignancy and the histological diagnosis. The tumours were located in the humeroscapular region (39), the femoral region (30), the crural region (10), and in the forearm region (7). We conclude that diagnostic clearing and treatment ought to be centralized in regional centres, where liposarcomas might also be diagnosed. However, the liposarcomas should afterwards be treated in oncological centres. Furthermore, we conclude that histological examination of lipomas in imperative.

Arm↗
PubMed1997

Frequencies and effects of alternative DRB3.2 alleles of bovine lymphocyte antigen for Holsteins in milk selection and control lines.

Frequencies of alleles at the DRB3.2 locus of the bovine major histocompatibility complex for two genetic lines of Holsteins were compared, and allelic effects on yield and udder health traits were examined. The DRB3.2 genotypes of 186 cows and heifers were determined using DNA that had been extracted from blood samples. The cattle were from a designed selection experiment for milk yield. After edits, 173 cows and heifers with known alleles remained (54 from a control line and 119 from a selection line for milk yield). A total of 19 alternative DRB3.2 alleles appeared across the two lines, and frequencies ranged from 0.3 to 21.4%. Allelic frequencies differed significantly between the selection and control lines. Alleles 3, 8, 9, 10, 26, and 28 were more frequent in the control line, but alleles 16, 24, and 27 were more frequent in the selection line. An animal model was used to estimate gene substitution effects of alternative alleles on milk yield, fat yield, and protein yield, SCS, chronically elevated SCS, acutely elevated SCS, and mastitis incidence. First, second, and third lactations were analyzed separately. Allele 7 was associated with a significant increase in protein yield during first and second lactations and a significant increase in chronically elevated SCS and acutely elevated SCS during second lactation. Because of conflicting results with other studies and a limited numbers of cows, additional research is needed before specific alleles are confirmed to be associated with measures of yield and udder health.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Association of somatotropin (BST) gene polymorphism at the 5th exon with selection for milk yield in Holstein cows.

A selection project produced control cows from continuous matings with breed average bulls for predicted transmitting ability for milk (PTA-milk) in 1964 and select cows from matings to four of the highest PTA-milk bulls each year since 1964. Blood samples were collected in 1992 when milk yield difference of select and control line cows exceeded 3,800 kg of milk/305-day lactation. Genomic DNA from control (n = 49) and select (n = 101) cows was analyzed for the presence of variants associated with amino acid position 127 (leucine, AluI[+]; valine, AluI[-]) of bovine somatotropin (bST). Amplification of a 428 base-pair fragment of the bST gene from individual cows, subsequent restriction enzyme (AluI) digestion, and separation resulting fragments indicated three genotypes AluI(+/+), AluI(+/-), and AluI(-/-) in 110, 39, and 1 animal(s), respectively. Gene frequencies of leucine127 and valine 127 alleles were similar for control (0.867m 0.133) and select (0.861, 0.139) animals. United States Department of Agriculture-PTA values were compared between the two genotypes, AluI(+/+) and AluI(+/-). Estimated breeding value for milk (EBV-milk) and average yield deviation for milk (AYD-milk) were not associated with genotype for control animals. However, presence of the valine allele was correlated with decreased EBV-milk (P = 0.03) and AYD-milk (P = 0.16) in select animals and accounted for a decrease of approximately 170 kg of EBV-milk and 240 kg of AYD-milk.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Iliopsoas tendinitis in athletes. Diagnosis and treatment].

Iliopsoas tendinitis is a common injury in sport. Despite of this there are only a few articles in the literature that deal with these injuries. The changes in the inflamed tendons and muscles have been difficult to determine objectively. The modernization of ultrasound devices has improved the methods of examination and made it possible to diagnose objective changes in the tendons and muscles. Recommendations for the treatment of acute and chronic iliopsoas tendinitis are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of iliopsoas tendinitis: a case report.

Ultrasound examination is a recognized advanced tool in the diagnosis of many sport-related overuse injuries. This article illustrates a new indication for ultrasound examination: the diagnosis of iliopsoas tendinitis and its treatment by ultrasound-guided local injection of long-acting corticosteroid.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1994

Gene expression and secretion of insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 from cultured sheep choroid plexus epithelial cells.

The gene expression of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) has previously been demonstrated in rat and human choroid plexus by in situ hybridization analysis. In the present study we have characterized IGF-II and IGFBP-2 transcripts and proteins in primary cultures of epithelial cells from lateral choroid plexus of sheep brain. Northern blot analysis of total RNA showed one major IGF-II mRNA of 4.8 kb and four minor IGF-II transcripts of 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 kb as well as one IGFBP-2 transcript of 1.7 kb. Radioreceptor assay of conditioned medium from the cultured choroid plexus epithelial cells showed inhibition of [125I]IGF-I and [125I]IGF-II binding to mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, the displacement curves being identical to that of unlabelled IGF-II. The conditioned medium was fractionated by gel filtration on a Bio-Gel P-60 column, and analysis by IGF-II radioreceptor assay showed two peaks of IGF-II-binding inhibitory activity of M(r) 7.5-10 and 25 kDa, suggesting the presence of both IGF-II, and an IGFBP. Western immunoblot analysis of conditioned medium with antibodies toward IGF-II and IGFBP-2 demonstrated proteins with M(r) 6 kDa and 32 kDa, respectively. Protein binding assays of the conditioned medium with [125I]IGF-I or [125]IGF-II demonstrated that the IGFBP present in the conditioned medium preferentially binds IGF-II. In conclusion, cultured sheep choroid plexus epithelial cells synthesize and secrete IGF-II and IGFBP-2, suggesting that the choroid plexus epithelium is the main source of these polypeptides in the cerebrospinal fluid.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1994

Osteosynthesis of medial humeral epicondyle fractures in children. 8-year follow-up of 33 cases.

33 children with a mean age of 12 (7-15) years had open reduction and osteosynthesis for a displaced fracture of the medial humeral epicondyle. 8 (2-15) years after the operation a clinical and radiographic examination was performed. 22/33 had a prominent scar. No patients had symptoms from the ulnar nerve. Function and range of motion of the elbow were good in all cases, albeit with 20-25 degrees of extension in 3. There were 3 cases of asymptomatic nonunion. Surgery was found to reduce the frequency of nonunion, compared to previous reports of non-operative treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of United States and Danish strains of Jerseys for yield traits.

Eleven US and 11 Danish young bulls were AI sampled in the US and Denmark. The milking daughters of these sires provided an opportunity for comparison of the US and Danish Jersey populations. Danish age and month of calving and DIM adjustment factors were developed so that Danish and US records could be compared on a standardized basis (305-d lactation, mature equivalent). Least squares and animal model analyses were used to estimate strain differences and effects of heterosis. Jerseys from the US had superiority over Danish Jerseys of approximately 1000 kg for milk and 17 kg for protein. However, Danish Jersey had an advantage of 20 kg for fat. Estimates of heterosis from crosses of US and Danish Jerseys were 1.5 to 3% of the mean for milk, fat, and protein yields. Correlations of EBV from official genetic evaluations of the US and Denmark were high, > or = .78, for the project bulls, providing little evidence of an interaction of genotype and environment.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Response of health care to selection for milk yield of dairy cattle.

A selection experiment began during 1964 to measure long-term responses to selection of dairy cattle based only on milk yield. An unselected control group of cows was maintained as part of the experimental design. The four highest sires for PTA milk that were available from active AI were mated each year to cows of all generations in the selection group. Expenses for veterinary treatment, health supplies, drugs, and labor of animal attendants were recorded for each cow and categorized as mastitis, udder, edema, locomotion, digestion, ketosis, milk fever, reproduction, respiration, and other. Cows studied were born from 1975 to 1990. Over the 16-yr period, 236 selection and 227 control cows were observed while lactating. Cows in the selection group had greater health expenses as a correlated response to increased milk yield than did unselected controls. Lactational difference for genetic groups was $28.22 from an analysis of only first lactations and $49.44 from an analysis across parities. Expenses for mastitis accounted for most of the difference between genetic groups. Most health expense occurred during the first 20 d postpartum and increased for cows with successive lactations. During the 16-yr period, expense for selection cows increased more than for controls for reproduction, digestion, and ketosis, but not mastitis, udder (nonmastitis), edema, locomotion, milk fever, respiration, and other categories. Separate analyses of heifers from birth to initial calving and of dry cows provided little evidence of differences for genetic groups during nonlactating stages of life.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1992

NNC-112, NNC-687 and NNC-756, new selective and highly potent dopamine D1 receptor antagonists.

The neurochemical properties of three novel benzazepine derivatives NNC-112, NNC-687 and NNC-756 were assessed. These compounds inhibited dopamine D1 receptor binding in vitro with low nanomolar to picomolar dissociation constants whereas those for the D2 receptor were in the micromolar range. Contrary to classical neuroleptics, but similar to the atypical neuroleptics, clozapine and fluperlapine, NNC-112, NNC-687 and NNC-756 were relatively more potent in inhibiting dopamine-stimulated adenylyl cyclase than [3H]SCH 23390 binding. Both NNC-112 and NNC-756 had high affinity for the 5-HT2 receptor whereas NNC-687 had low affinity for this receptor. The affinity for other receptors or neurotransmitter transporters was very low. In vivo, the dopamine D1 receptor selective profile of NNC-112, NNC-687 and NNC-756 was evident from the potent inhibition of D1 receptor binding whereas no effect on D2 receptor binding was apparent. In addition, the compounds blocked D1 receptor-mediated rotation in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats, but had no effect on D2-induced rotation. Thus, NNC-112, NNC-687 and NNC-756 are potent and selective dopamine D1 receptor antagonists that may be useful in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Genetic evaluation of Holstein bulls for somatic cells in milk of daughters.

Lactational means of somatic cell score from sample days of primiparous DHI cows were analyzed to compare dairy records processing centers for data properties, to examine effects of age at calving and month of calving on somatic cell score, and to calculate preliminary PTA of sires for somatic cell scores. Five processing centers contributed data but differed substantially with respect to availability of records in progress, DIM on last sample day, and length of time that data were submitted. Highest lactational means of somatic cell score tended to be in short lactations for young cows but in long lactations for older cows. Regions of the country differed substantially for effect of month of calving on lactational means of somatic cell score, but lactational means of somatic cell scores increased with age at calving for all dairy records processing centers. Standardized yields of milk, fat, and protein were included as multiple traits with somatic cell score for analysis. Heritability of somatic cell score was .08 to .16 for individual processing centers and .10 across processing centers. Phenotypic correlations of somatic cell score with yield traits were negative, but genetic correlations were positive. Selection for decreased somatic cell score on a national basis should be possible and would seem advisable to decrease mastitis infections. Response may be slow, however, because of antagonistic genetic relationships with the yield traits, which have great economic importance.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Accessory soleus muscle].

A case of an accessory soleus muscle is reported. This is a rare anomaly. Frequently, a bursa or some type of soft-tissue tumour such as a lipoma, haemangioma or sarcoma is suspected. CT scanning is diagnostic and is recommended before surgical excision on account of different types of insertion.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Purulent coxitis after blockade treatment].

A case of bacterial arthritis of the hip in a 23 year old male athlete following local injections is presented. The patient was admitted with history of pain in the buttock and femur for 14 days but no fever. The diagnosis was made with bone scintigraphy and needle aspiration. Following surgical drainage and antibiotic treatment, rapid recovery was observed. At four months follow up there were no clinical or radiographic signs of involvement of the hip.

Adult↗