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Biomedical subjects

K Yano

Publications and source records attributed to K Yano.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Alkylating activity of processed fish products treated with sodium nitrite in simulated gastric juice.

The alkylating activity of extracts from several fish products with or without sodium nitrite in simulated gastric juice has been investigated. Some of the extracts had strong alkylating potency which may be due to the action of the formed N-nitrosamides. These compounds were not derived from nitrosation of methylguanidine and agmatine or from pyrolysis products of the processed fish. The results suggest an urgent need for a comprehensive investigation of nitrosation of various foods in simulated gastric juice.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1980

Alcohol and mortality: the Honolulu Heart Study.

It has been shown previously that coronary heart disease was less likely to develop in Japanese men in Honolulu who drank alcoholic beverages than in those who abstained, and that the more they drank (up to about 60 ml/day of ethanol) the lower the risk. In this report on the same men, it is shown that the same sort of relation holds for mortality from coronary heart disease but that the reverse is true for death from cancer and from stroke. Men who drank were more likely to die from these causes than those who abstained, and the more they drank the greater the risk of death. Men who drank relatively large amounts were more likely to die from cirrhosis of the liver than other men. The resultant curve for total mortality is u-shaped, the lowest risk being for men who consumed from 1 to 10 ml/day of ethanol. Even at that low level of consumption, however, the risk of death from cancer or stroke was greater than it was for nondrinkers. In short, for this population of Japanese men, alcohol consumption appears to have some benefits and some hazards with regard to mortality, and the benefit or hazard depends on which cause of death is being considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

pKJ1, a naturally occurring conjugative plasmid coding for toluene degradation and resistance to streptomycin and sulfonamides.

Pseudomonas sp. TA8 isolated by m-toluate enrichment from an aqueous sample metabolized toluene and m- and p-xylenes via the meta cleavage pathway, and manifested specific resistance to streptomycin and sulfonamides. A variety of experiments revealed that the pKJ1 plasmid of about 150 megadaltons carried by TA8 specified both the toluene and xylene degradative function (the Tol function) and streptomycin/sulfonamide resistance. The deletion of a segment of pKJ1 (about 22 megadaltons) resulted in the loss of the Tol function. pKJ1 was not assigned to Pseudomonas incompatibility group P-1, P-2, P-3, or P-9.

Conjugation, Genetic↗
PubMed1980

A heterophile antigen associated with experimental toxoplasmosis.

The biological characteristics of a heterophile protein (HP) in peritoneal exudate from mice, hamsters, rats, and guinea pigs infected with Toxoplasma gondii were studied by immunofluorescence, immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion techniques using specific antisera raised in rabbits. HP of mice had the highest antigenicity, HP of hamsters and rats had intermediate antigenicity and HP of guinea pigs had the lowest antigenicity. HP was found in normal peritoneal exudates from mice, hamsters and rats inoculated with paraffin oil instead of T. gondii and in normal guinea pig serum. HP was detected by the fluorescent antibody technique on the surface of T. gondii in peritoneal exudates of mice, but not on mouse peritoneal cells, and by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique on L cells infected with T. gondii and on free Toxoplasma derived from them, but not on uninfected L cells. T. gondii could make host cells produce HP to cover its surface for protection. The relation between HP from host cells and T. gondii is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunological analyses of antigens associated with experimental toxoplasmosis.

By immunoelectrophoresis of periotoneal exudates and toxoplasma cell antigens from mice and hamsters infected with Toxoplasma gondii, using their corresponding rabbit antisera absorbed with serum of uninfected animals, eleven precipitating antigens were distinguished and named No. 1--11 in order of increasing electrophoretic mobility. Monospecific rabbit antisera against two of these antigens (antigen No. 1 and 11) were prepared by immunization with antigen purified by zone electrophoresis, and were used for immunochemical analyses: the component with higher mobility on immunoelectrophoresis, antigen No. 11, was detectable only in association with toxoplasma infection of mice, hamsters, rats and guinea pigs. Antigen No. 11 was also detectable as a single major antigen in the medium of cultures of L cells infected with T. gondii, RH strain. In contrast, antigen No. 1 was detectable in uninfected mice in peritoneal exudates, and homogenates of thymus, liver and spleen, but not of brain or lymphocytes. In the latex agglutination test (LAT) for toxoplasmosis, anti-No. 1 serum gave a positive reaction, but anti-No. 11 gave a negative one. In 31 anti-toxoplasmosis sera examined, there was no correlation between the number of precipitating antibodies detectable by immunoelectrophoresis and the LAT titer.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Childhood cultural experience and the incidence of coronary heart disease in Hawaii Japanese men.

Possible effects of cultural variables on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined in 7705 men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii. The six-year incidence of CHD was related to birthplace (Japan or elsewhere), number of years spent in Japan, ability to read and write Japanese, ability to speak Japanese, and to an index of preference for a traditional Japanese diet. Statistically significant inverse relationships were found between CHD incidence and all of these variables which reflect the degree of exposure to Japanese culture during childhood. In multivariate analyses where the major CHD risk factors were taken into account, years spent in Japan and ability to read and write Japanese remained significant. Hence, exposure to Japanese culture during childhood appears to protect against CHD in adulthood. This may explain, in part, the gradient of CHD frequency among Japanese in Japan, Japanese-Americans, and Caucasians that could not be entirely attributed to the established risk factors.

Acculturation↗