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Biomedical subjects

K Yano

Publications and source records attributed to K Yano.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of 201Tl-accumulation in lung--imaging of 201Tl in the extravascular space (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate 201Tl-accumulation in lung, 201Tl imaging was performed using a scintillation camera coupling to a small digital computer, and blood clearance of it was examined. After the injection of 74 MBq(2mCi) of 201Tl-chloride, the serial images and static images were obtained. In order to obtain the image of 201Tl in the extravascular space [TE(x, y)], a subtraction technique was performed as follows; after 2 anterior views of 201Tl were obtained using a 20% window centered at 80 keV [T0(x, y)] and 140 keV [T140(x, y)] respectively, and blood sample was taken, radionuclide angiocardiography with 185 MBq (5 mCi) of 99mTc-human serum albumin and it's static image were done in the same supine position and blood sample was taken too. The radioactivity of 201Tl(T) and 99mTc(HB) in the blood was counted by a autogamma scintillation counter. Then the image of TE(x, y) was obtained by the following formula; TE(x, y)=T0(x, y)-[H(x, y)-T140(x, y)]TB/HB. Following results were obtained; (1) The disappearance of 201Tl from the blood was rapid and 15 min after the injection only 10 approximately 15% of the activity after 1 min was present in the blood. (2) The lung activity in the time activity curve decreased rapidly to reach plateau within 100 approximately 150 sec after the injection. (3) The image of 201Tl in the extravascular space was nearly equal to the original one as regard to the radioactivity of 201Tl in lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[A technique for quantifying lung uptake of 201Tl on the scintigram with 201TlCl].

On intravenous administration of 201TlCl (74 MBq (2 mCi), initial transit of it through the heart as well as subsequent uptake by the chest were recorded in the supine position using a scintillation camera coupling to a small digital computer, and remaining the patient in the same position perfusion scintigram with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) or transmission scintigram with a point source of 99mTcO4- too. The radioactivity of total injected dose of 201Tl (T) was calculated from the entire region on the initial transit of the tracer bolus through the heart, and that of unilateral lung (L) was done from the anterior image of 201Tl on which isocount map of the perfusion image or transmission one was superimposed. By these procedures, the lung uptake ratio of 201Tl was calculated by ratio of L/T, and expressed as percentage per entire unilateral lung and mean value (%) per pixel. The average values of the lung uptake ratio in circulatory diseases were 4.0 +/- 1.2% in the right lung, 2.7 +/- 1.2% in the left lung, and in respiratory diseases 4.5 +/- 2.1% and 2.3 +/- 1.0%, respectively. This technique is useful to quantify the lung uptake of 201Tl on the lung scintigram with 201TlCl.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum cholesterol and mortality in a Japanese-American population: the Honolulu Heart program.

The authors have examined the relation of baseline serum cholesterol level to subsequent 9-year mortality in a cohort of Japanese-American men. The baseline serum cholesterol level was positively related to coronary heart disease mortality. It was inversely related to total cancer mortality and to mortality from cancers of the esophagus, colon, liver and lung and to malignancies of the lymphatic and hematopoietic system. When mortality in the first two years after examination was removed from consideration in an attempt to allow for existing clinical or subclinical disease, the inverse relation to cancer persisted but was statistically significant only for colon cancer and lung cancer among the common sites as well as for malignancies of the lymphatic and hematopoietic system. When known prevalence cases of cancer were eliminated from the computation, the inverse relation between cholesterol level and cancer mortality persisted significantly only for colon among the common cancer sites. The relation of baseline serum cholesterol level to total mortality in this cohort was quadratic; that is, there was an excess of deaths associated with serum cholesterol level at the high end of the distribution (mainly due to coronary heart disease) and at the low end (mainly due to cancer).

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of new broad-spectrum cephamycin, YM09330, parenterally administered to various experimental animals.

The pharmacokinetics of YM09330, a new semisynthetic cephamycin, were determined after intravenous and intramuscular administration to experimental animals. Mean plasma levels of YM09330 at 30 min after intravenous administration of 20 mg/kg were 5.5 micrograms/ml for mice, 17 micrograms/ml for rats, 24 micrograms/ml for rabbits, 42 micrograms/ml for dogs, and 76 micrograms/ml for monkeys; plasma half-lives were 13.0, 15.9, 30.5, 55.5, and 75.6 min, respectively. The half-lives of YM09330 were longer than those of cefmetazole in all species tested. In monkeys, plasma levels of YM09330 were higher and more prolonged than those of cefazolin. In rats and dogs, the concentrations of YM09330 were highest in the kidneys, followed by the liver, plasma, lung, spleen, and heart in that order; they were similar to those of cefazolin in rats. Urinary excretion of YM09330 within 48 h of intravenous administrations was 67% of the dose in mice, 52% in rats, 74% in rabbits, 53% in dogs, and 60% in monkeys. In rats, 48% of the dose of YM09330 was detected in the plasma, urine, or bile. However, small amounts of an antibacterially active tautomer of YM09330 were recovered in the urine of mice, rats, and dogs, whereas large amounts of the tautomer were recovered in the urine of rabbits and monkeys. Serum protein binding of YM09330 was 30% of rats, 51% for rabbits, 39% for dogs, 87% for monkeys, and 91% for humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Transfer of sisomicin to unborn and suckling guinea pigs.

When guinea pigs received a single intramuscular injection of sisomicin (25 mg/kg) at week 8 of pregnancy, fetal sisomicin concentration at 2 h was highest in the kidneys, followed by the plasma and the cochlea; at 4 h it was not detected in the plasma or the cochlea. When dams were treated with 25 mg/kg during weeks 1-5 of pregnancy, fetal sisomicin concentration in the kidneys was 9 times greater than in the cochlea; in 3-week-old animals, a drug concentration of 4 microgram/g was detected only in the kidneys. When dams were treated during weeks 5-9 of pregnancy, the neonatal drug concentration was highest in the kidneys and the cochlea; no plasma concentration was detected. At 3 weeks of age, the concentration was highest in the kidneys and the cochlea. When lactating dams received sisomicin, only kidneys of suckling animals contained sisomicin at 0.4 microgram/g.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A double antibody radioimmunoassay for measurement of IgG, IgA and IgM synthesized by human lymphocytes in vitro.

To investigate cellular interactions between human T and B lymphocytes in various diseases, we established a technique to prove terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulin synthesizing and secreting cells. We also established a double antibody radioimmunoassay to measure the amount of IgG, IgA and IgM synthesized and secreted in culture supernatants. Purified immunoglobulins were obtained from sera of patients with myeloma or macroglobulinemia. The peripheral blood lymphocytes from 25 normal individuals had the geometric mean synthetic rates of 1886 ng for IgG, 1607 ng for IgA and 1173 ng for IgM per 1 X 10(6) cells when cultured for nine days in the presence of pokeweed mitogen. The method is simple and sensitive, and is thought to be useful for examining human lymphocyte function in vitro.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: the Hawaiian experience.

Data from the Honolulu Heart Program indicate that there is an inverse relation between alcohol intake (up to 60 oz of ethanol/month) and the risk of coronary heart disease incidence and mortality. Alcohol intake is positively related to levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and to hypertension as defined by the criteria of the World Health Organization. Alcohol intake is not related to the incidence of cerebral infarction, but is positively related to the incidence of hemorrhage. Alcohol intake is also related to mortality from cirrhosis of the liver and from various types of cancer.

Aged↗