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Biomedical subjects

K Uchiyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Uchiyama.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A study of the relationship between job type and/or position to life style and health of male white-collar workers].

The relationship between the type of job and/or position of male white-collar workers to their working life, life style, health behavior, and health condition was examined based on data obtained from a survey of 1129 male workers in a major computer manufacturing company in 1988. The results were as follows: 1. Work, life style, health behavior, and health condition of male white-collar workers are strongly affected by type of job and position when adjusted for education, income, and age. 2. Workers in the sales department and engineering department appeared to have the most problems associated with working life, life style, health behavior, and health condition. Workers in sales, especially, displayed Type A behavior and their job was characterized by a lot of business transactions in a working environment that requires them to work until late at night. This leads to an irregular diet, late bed time, and makes their family relationships worse. Workers in the engineering department had work loads that were heavy because they have the longest working hours, and the content of their jobs is a mixture of both research and sales. Consequently their health is not good. On the other hands, workers in the laboratory had the best situation, and with general workers about average in terms of working life, life style, health behavior, and the state of health. 3. The department heads have the best conditions of life and health over all, except for their diet. The chiefs of sections are generally in the middle between the department heads and ordinary workers in terms of life and health. They drink and smoke heavily and show Type A behavior characteristics. Ordinary workers appear to have the most problems in working life, life style, health behavior, and health condition. From these results it may be concluded that this is associated with the difference in work type and position of these workers compared to managerial class and also with a low level of morale.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Choledochoscopy during biliary surgery for reducing the risk of overlooked stones.

Although cholangiography is routinely performed during biliary surgery to ensure the removal of all stones, it is not always successful. Some investigators have claimed that intraoperative choledochoscopy is more effective in detecting all stones, although reports on the efficacy of this method have been contradictory. Furthermore, no study has systematically examined either of these procedures in terms of the actual incidence of overlooked stones. Thus, to evaluate the merits of intraoperative cholangiography as opposed to choledochoscopy, we studied the incidence of overlooked bile duct stones after surgery. We investigated 126 patients who had undergone surgery during which choledocholithotomy was performed within the past 10 years; 117 of these cases involved common bile duct stones and 22, intrahepatic stones. After the exclusion of 13 subjects whose stones were deliberately left for postoperative treatment due to severe complications, 126 patients were finally analyzed. Overlooked stones were found postoperatively in 13 (10%) of these 126 subjects, including 11 (14%) of 63 patients who had been inspected by intraoperative cholangiography alone and 2 (3%) of 63 who had undergone both choledochoscopy and cholangiography during surgery. Therefore, the incidence of overlooked stones proved to be significantly lower in those who had undergone choledochoscopy combined with cholangiography (P less than 0.01). Our results suggest the value of combining choledochoscopy with cholangiography during surgery for reducing the risk of overlooked bile duct stones.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Oxygen dependence of lipid peroxidation in mice.

Peroxidation of lipids in serum and tissues of mice placed in low or high levels of oxygen was examined. After exposure to 100% oxygen for 3 h, no significant differences were observed between control and exposed mice. However, exposure to 100% oxygen for 6 h resulted in a decrease in oxygen consumption, an increase in lipid peroxides in tissues and serum, and the formation of hydroxyl radicals in tissues and serum. At low concentrations of oxygen (14% or 16%), a decrease in oxygen consumption, peroxidation of lipids and formation of hydroxyl radicals also were observed. Damage to mice was great with the lower oxygen concentrations of oxygen. There was a close correlation between the consumption of oxygen lipid peroxidation, formation of hydroxyl radicals.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Adenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland.

Primary adenocarcinoma arising in the sublingual gland is very rare. In this report, we have described the details of a case of adenocarcinoma of the sublingual gland. A 27-year-old Japanese male was referred to our department with a swelling of the floor of the mouth on the right side. The patient underwent a wide resection of the lesion and dissection of the right upper neck. Twelve months after his primary surgery, he was readmitted to hospital because of a metastasis in the lower lobe of the right lung and a right lower lobectomy was performed. He has undergone periodical controls for 3 years. No sign of recurrence or metastasis has been observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography of small hepatocellular carcinomas.

Nine patients with small hepatocellular carcinomas, ranging up to 2 cm in size (phi: 1.7 +/- 0.2 cm, mean +/- SD), have been encountered, and in two of these patients the cancer was not identifiable by intraoperative ultrasonography. Thus to achieve a better detection of such small hepatic cancers, enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography was tested. Detection by enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography proved successful in all cases. These preliminary results indicate the potential of carbon dioxide as a contrast agent to enhance intraoperative visualization of small liver cancers.

Angiography↗
PubMed1989

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas associated with cystadenocarcinoma.

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor is a very rare type of pancreatic malignancy, and no more than 20 cases have been reported in the English literatures. A case of this tumor associated with cystadenocarcinoma is reported. This giant cell is undistinguishable on light microscopy from osteoclast of bone and correct diagnosis of this unusual tumor is important because of its relatively poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Producing experimental cholangiectasis in dogs by the stripping method.

Despite the general belief that cholangiectasis is caused by biliary stenosis, clinical cases of cholangiectasis exist which do not seem to have biliary stenosis. The purpose of this research was to produce cholangiectasis models without stenosis, and it was found that stripping the surrounding supportive tissues from the extrahepatic bile duct resulted in cholangiectasis without biliary stenosis. The maximum diameter and intraluminal pressure of the bile duct were specifically examined in 24 mongrel dogs before and 4 weeks after stripping. The mean diameter of the bile duct was 2.44 mm before stripping but 6.47 mm 4 weeks after stripping, the latter being significantly larger than the former (p less than 0.001). There were no significant differences in biliary passage according to cholangiomanometry performed before and after stripping, which indicated an absence of biliary stenosis. Histological examination of the bile duct wall and duodenal papilla after stripping showed only mild inflammatory changes. These models could thus be used for the analysis of cholangiectasis without biliary stenosis. Moreover, these models clinically suggest that there are cases of cholangiectasis without biliary stenosis and that sphincteroplasty or choledochojejunostomy should not be applied blindly. In other words, these techniques should only be applied when biliary stenosis has been observed after careful examination.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Experimental detachment of the canine bile duct to evaluate mechanisms of the dilated bile duct.

The factors inducing biliary dilatation were studied morphologically and functionally by cholangiography and cholangiomanometry in experimental models of chronic biliary dilatation. These models were produced by four methods: Constriction of the lower bile duct (Group 1), formalin infusion into the duodenal papilla (Group 2), detachment of the extrahepatic bile duct (Group 3), and sphincterotomy (Group 4). Biliary dilatation was observed in the first three groups but not in the fourth group. An increase in the intraductal pressure due to blockage of the biliary outflow tract was considered to be the cause of biliary dilatation in Group 1 and 2. In Group 3, the function of the lower bile duct, including the papilla was intact, and reduced resistance of the bile duct wall and due to the loss of the support from the surrounding connective tissue was considered to have induced biliary dilatation. These results suggest that experimental chronic biliary dilatation can be produced by two approaches: 1) Blockage of bile flow in the papilla or the bile duct, and 2) detachment of the bile duct without disturbing bile flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The question mark ear (congenital auricular cleft): a familial case.

We describe here 2 patients with question mark ears in one family. They had the peculiar auricular deformities bilaterally. Both patients had a cleft between the helix and earlobe respectively. The upper portion of the auricle showed marked prominence. The mother also showed notching between the helix and earlobe. The literature is reviewed and discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Pericholecystic abscess: classification of US findings to determine the proper therapy.

Sixteen patients with a pericholecystic abscess were classified into three groups according to the sonographic findings: Nine patients had an abscess in the gallbladder bed, three in an intramural location in the gallbladder, and four in an intraperitoneal cavity. In the gallbladder bed group, six patients with a localized abscess responded well to conservative therapy, followed by an elective operation. Two patients with a complicated abscess were initially treated with ultrasonically (US) guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and then with percutaneous transhepatic aspiration of the liver abscess, followed by an elective operation. A patient with a communicating abscess underwent an elective operation because the abscess completely disappeared after percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage under US guidance. One of the three patients with an intramural abscess needed an immediate operation, and the other two were treated conservatively, followed by an elective operation. All four patients with an intraperitoneal abscess needed an emergency operation. Because each type of abscess received differing and successful treatments, the authors' method of classification of US findings seemed to provide a useful way to select the specific therapeutic procedure to achieve optimal results.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

A Ca2+-dependent DNA primase-like activity from HeLa cells.

Novel DNA primase-like activity was partially purified from human Hela cells, and the activity was clearly separated from DNA polymerase alpha by phosphocellulose column chromatography. The enzyme did not show significant activity in the absence of Ca2+, and was dramatically activated by the addition of Ca2+; so it was designated as C-primase. The C-primase showed a molecular weight of 20,000 estimated by gel filtration and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.5 S by glycerol gradient centrifugation. These results, together with the other properties of the C-primase, suggest that this primase like-enzyme is distinct from the authentic eukaryotic primase in the DNA polymerase alpha/DNA primase complex.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of a human monoclonal antibody with broad reactivity to malignant tumor cells.

Lymphocytes from mediastinal lymph nodes of 9 patients with primary lung cancer were fused with murine myeloma cells (P3U1). One of the clones (4G12) was stable for secretion (10 micrograms/ml) of human IgM lambda for 24 months. The antigen detected by 4G12 was sensitive to both trypsin and periodic acid-Schiff treatment. It immunoprecipitated a glycoprotein with an Mr of 65,000 upon analysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reduced conditions. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that 4G12 possessed a high reactivity to squamous cell carcinomas of the lung (29 of 29) and also reacted with other lung carcinomas [adenocarcinomas (14 of 20) and large cell carcinomas (3 of 8)] and with some nonpulmonary malignant tumors (15 of 56). However, it did not react with small cell carcinomas of the lung. No benign tumors (0 of 26) so far tested have been positive. 4G12 did not react with most of the normal tissues; an exception was that it was weakly reactive on the glandular cells of the trachea and bronchi and on the proximal tubular cells of the kidneys. Thus 4G12 showed a broad reactivity to malignant tumors (68% of lung carcinomas, 27% of nonpulmonary carcinomas, and 0% of benign tumors). The reactivity of 4G12 on tissues from squamous cell carcinomas of the lung indicated that the expression of the antigenic determinant was much more in the well-differentiated grade than in the poorly differentiated grade. Thus the antigen detected by 4G12 appears to be related to tumor differentiation. Moreover, fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated that the expression of the antigen epitope depended on the cell cycle (G2-M). These data suggest that the 4G12 monoclonal antibody detects a new tumor-associated antigen that is recognized by the human immune system.

Adenocarcinoma↗