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Biomedical subjects

K Shindo

Publications and source records attributed to K Shindo.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Plasma levels of leukotriene E4 during clinical course of bronchial asthma and the effect of oral prednisolone.

To investigate the relationship between circulating leukotriene E4 and bronchial asthma, we tried to measure the concentration of leukotriene E4 during the clinical course of bronchial asthma with or without oral prednisolone treatment. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between the LTE4 levels and FEV1 (percent predicted) and PaCO2 (mm Hg) concomitantly. Two milliliters of blood were drawn from the femoral artery of eight patients on three occasions: (1) during remission; (2) during an attack treated without prednisolone; and (3) during an attack treated with prednisolone. Leukotriene E4 was detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. In eight asthmatic patients, mean (SD) leukotriene E4 levels on the three occasions were 11.8 (2.61), 48.4 (18.2), and 32.6 (8.28) pg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the mean leukotriene E4 level of ten normal control subjects was 11.8 (4.49) pg/ml. Leukotriene E4 levels differed significantly between remission and attack treated without prednisolone, and between attacks treated with and without prednisolone. Mean FEV1 values were 85.5 (3.07), 50.5 (9.58), and 65.9 (7.44) on the three occasions, respectively; corresponding mean PaCO2 values were 31.7 (2.74), 55.5 (5.81), 48.9 (2.56), respectively. Leukotriene E4 was significantly correlated with FEV1 and relatively with PaCO2 during an attack without prednisolone. We suggest that leukotriene E4 levels in arterial blood reflect the severity of asthmatic attacks and orally administered prednisolone may affect the leukotriene E4 levels.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[A case of central pontine myelinolysis and extrapontine myelinolysis during rapid correction of hypernatremia].

A 69-year-old woman was admitted because of severe dehydration due to anorexia. Consciousness disturbance was found to be due to severe abnormalities of serum electrolyte balance, but recovered quickly by correcting the hyperosmolality. While the initial serum sodium value of 186 mEq/L was corrected to 139 mEq/L in 5 days, locked-in syndrome, bilateral hand tremor and tetraparesis appeared. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrically high signal intensity areas on T2-weighted images and low signal intensity areas on T1-weighted images in central part of pons and bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles. One and a half month later, these neurologic symptoms were improved and the MRI abnormalities also disappeared. Auditory brain stem responses which showed prolongations of III to V wave peak to peak latency at the onset returned to normal. It is noted in this case that central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and extrapontine myelipolysis (EPM) appeared during the period of rapid correction of hypernatremia. Although it is known CPM and EPM are caused by hypernatremia or the rapid correction of hyponatremia, there has been reported only one case of CPM and EPM after rapid correction of hypernatremia. According to the hypothesis of Norenberg, rapid rise in serum sodium may cause CPM and EPM, but if CPM and EPM are caused by the rapid correction of hypernatremia in this case, CPM and EPM may be caused by another pathogenesis of the disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[MultiCycle software for cell cycle analyses].

MultiCycle software (M-cycle), a computer cell cycle analysis program that has a background debris and aggregation compensating function, was utilized in this study to prove the usefulness of the M-cycle. The S phase fraction (SPF) calculated by the M-cycle was compared to that of bromodeoxyuridine labelling index (BLI) using colorectal carcinoma cell lines. The SPF value was slightly lower using the M-cycle than that of the BLI in Colo 201 and Colo 320 and lower significantly in Widr. This may indicate that the M-cycle effectively compensated for the background existing in the DNA histogram. The SPF value was computed both by the M-cycle and the sum of broadened rectangles model (SOBR). The SPF value of these cell lines showed a lower figure in the M-cycle than in the SOBR. The SPF value of paraffin-embedded material through the M-cycle and the SOBR was compared according to DNA ploidy patterns. The SPF value computed by the M-cycle was significantly lower in both ploidy patterns than that of the SOBR. In conclusion, the M-cycle is a useful tool for cell cycle analyses of simple DNA flow cytometric histograms obtained by paraffin-embedded material.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1993

Adrenal metastasis from carcinoma of the colon and rectum: a report of three cases.

We report herein three cases of patients with adrenal metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Recurrent disease was suspected following markedly elevated levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and adrenal metastases were confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scanning in all three patients. The adrenal metastasis was solitary in one patient and this patient is still alive and free from disease 1 year after undergoing complete removal of the adrenal metastasis. On the other hand, metastatic disease was not limited to the adrenal gland in the other two patients and both died of recurrent disease, 33 months and 4 months after undergoing removal of the adrenal metastases, respectively. Thus, although the prognosis of adrenal metastasis from colorectal cancer is usually poor, we believe that patients with a solitary adrenal metastasis will benefit from complete removal of the metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Microneurographic analysis of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity by (microneurograph) blood pressure and heart rate has been studied in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in age-matched normal subjects (controls) at rest and during head-up tilt. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients was significantly increased at rest unlike controls. There was no correlation between muscle sympathetic nerve activity and age in the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity was present mainly in younger patients. There were no differences between blood pressure or heart rate in either group at rest or during head-up tilt in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity following tilt in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients was less than in the controls, but they had no postural hypotension. The possible reasons for this observation of increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity at rest in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus following renal transplantation: review of the literature.

We report on 4 male patients with acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus following renal transplantation. These patients showed symptoms of gross hematuria, urinary frequency, burning urination and fever. Adenovirus was isolated in all patients and 3 were positive for serotype 11. Complement-fixing antibody was positive for adenovirus in all cases. Acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus was self-limiting and reduction of immunosuppression was not required for its resolution. Clinical presentation of these patients is described and the literature is reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Effects of acupuncture on somatosensory evoked potentials: a review.

Although acupuncture has a long history of analgesic effects, the mechanisms underlying its effects are still unclear. Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) methodology has been adopted in the research of acupuncture since the 1970s. In research on the effects of acupuncture on the conventional SEP, variable results have been observed, and two different opinions concerning the presence or absence of acupuncture effects on the conventional SEP are discussed. Since the conventional SEP is mediated mainly by fast conducting sensory nerve fibers, the conventional SEP methodology, especially that for recording short-latency SEP, may be inadequate for studying acupuncture mechanisms. In the case of the long-latency cortical SEP, there are too few data available to judge the effects of acupuncture analgesia (AA). Studies on the effects of AA on pain SEPs demonstrated that AA has a suppressive effect on amplitude of the pain SEP (and affecting the latency as well in some experiments) in both animals and humans, being accompanied by increased pain threshold. Thus, acupuncture seems to have analgesic effects that are probably related to activation of the antinociceptive system, and application of the pain SEP methodology to the study of mechanisms of AA may be promising.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging in kainic acid-induced limbic seizure status in cats.

Magnetic resonance imaging before, during, and after kainic acid (KA)-induced limbic seizure status in cats demonstrated the bilateral hippocampi as slightly high-intensity areas on the T2-weighted images during the limbic seizure status, and isointensity areas 1-2 weeks after KA injection when the limbic seizure status subsided. However, the hippocampi again became high-intense 1-3 months after KA injection. Histological study suggested that the high-intensity area during the limbic seizure status resulted from regional edema, and in the chronic period from marked gliosis and/or atrophic change as a consequence of tissue damage in the hippocampus.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1993

Phenazoviridin, a novel free radical scavenger from Streptomyces sp. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation and biological properties.

Phenazoviridin is a newly discovered free radical scavenger from microorganisms. It was isolated from the culture of Streptomyces sp. HR04. The structure of phenazoviridin was determined as 6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenazine-1-carboxylic acid 6-deoxy-alpha-L-talopyranose ester on the basis of its spectroscopic and physico-chemical properties. The novel substance showed strong inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate and exhibited antihypoxic activity in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Thiazohalostatin, a new cytoprotective substance produced by Actinomadura. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activities.

Thiazohalostatin has been isolated from the culture broth of Actinomadura sp. by a screening program designed to find novel cytoprotective substances. It was purified by use of column chromatography on silica gel, reversed phase HPLC and then isolated as colorless powder. Thiazohalostatin prevented cell death caused by calcium overload and exhibited an inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1993

Rumbrin, a new cytoprotective substance produced by Auxarthron umbrinum. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activities.

Rumbrin has been isolated from a fungus, Auxarthron umbrinum, by a screening program designed to find microorganism-produced cytoprotective substances. It was purified by use of column chromatography on silica gel, reversed phase HPLC and then isolated as fine red needles. Rumbrin prevented cell death caused by calcium overload and exhibited a potent inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗