[The results of oral examination and caries activity test].
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
K Ouchi
Publications and source records attributed to K Ouchi.
[Clinical trial of cefuzonam in biliary infection].
For the evaluation of efficacy of cefuzonam (CZON) on biliary infection, the drug was administered to 12 cases of hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic diseases with postoperative/post-percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) infections. The results were summarized as follows: The bacterial eradication rate was 33.3% (9/27 strains). Nine strains of bacteria appeared during the administration of CZON. MIC's of CZON against 14 strains including 4 of K. oxytoca out of 53 strains tested were below 1.56 micrograms/ml, whereas MIC's against 39 strains including 22 Pseudomonas spp. were higher than 12.5 micrograms/ml. Leukocyte counts in bile decreased in 6 cases, increased in 2 cases, and not detected in 1 case, showing no correlation with changes in bacteriology or clinical symptoms. Improvements of clinical symptoms such as reduced pain and decreased fever were noted in all cases. No case of adverse reaction was observed. The results indicated that CZON would be an antibiotic with a high efficacy and safety on biliary infections.
Adult↗
[Endotoxemia after surgery in digestive diseases].
The blood level of endotoxin after operations in patients with digestive diseases, mainly liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice, and the complications most likely related to the presence of endotoxemia were investigated. Twenty-seven patients without either liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice showed a minimal elevation of the endotoxin level in blood, as shown by 6.1 +/- 3.9 pg/ml at the first postoperative day and there was only one anastomotic leakage. On the other hand, 18 patients with liver cirrhosis showed a notable and persistent endotoxemia after surgery. The cirrhotic patients who especially underwent splenectomy and hepatectomy showed marked elevations of endotoxin level at the first postoperative day, with values of 151.0 +/- 46.1 pg/ml and 101.3 +/- 36.2 pg/ml, respectively, and one of these patients died of hepatic failure. Thirteen patients with obstructive jaundice developed endotoxemia evidenced by the value of 21.6 +/- 4.8 pg/ml at the first day after surgery. Among these patients, two had gastrointestinal bleeding and one developed DIC. The markedly high and persistent levels of endotoxin in patients with liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice may be possibly related with the development of MOF.
Cholestasis↗
[Histological appearance of carcinoma of the upper bile duct and the mode of its spread].
The histopathology of 34 resected cases of carcinoma of the upper bile duct was reviewed in relation to its mode of spread and prognosis of the patients. The patients with papillary adenocarcinoma showed 3-year survival rate of 75 percent which was better than those with carcinoma of other histologic types. There were no 2-year survivals in patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Infiltration to the serosa of the bile duct and to the liver, lymph node metastasis, and venous, lymphatic or perineural invasion of carcinoma were thought to be important prognostic factors, since the chance for survival was definitely better for patients without those factors than with those factors. In four patients with papillary adenocarcinoma, no involvement of hepatic parenchyma and lymph node metastasis was found. Three of these patients had no cancer infiltration to the serosa of the bile duct. Most cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, in contrast, had positive and extensive association of those prognostic factors. Seventy-five percent of patients with papillary adenocarcinoma and only 22 percent of those with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were microscopically considered curable by resection. It is noteworthy that histological appearance of carcinoma may be valid as a fundamental factor to determine mode of spread of carcinoma of the upper bile duct and prognosis of the patients.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Endotoxemia after abdominal surgery.
The blood level of endotoxin after operations in patients with digestive diseases, mainly liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice, and the complications most likely related to the presence of endotoxemia were investigated. Twenty-seven patients without either liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice showed a minimal elevation of the endotoxin level in blood, as shown by 6.1 +/- 3.9 (mean +/- S.E.) pg/ml at the first postoperative day and there was only one anastomotic leakage. On the other hand, 18 patients with liver cirrhosis showed a notable and persistent endotoxemia after surgery. The cirrhotic patients who especially underwent splenectomy and hepatectomy showed marked elevations of endotoxin level at the first postoperative day, with values of 151.0 +/- 46.1 pg/ml and 101.3 +/- 36.2 pg/ml, respectively, and one of these patients died of hepatic failure. Thirteen patients with obstructive jaundice developed endotoxemia evidenced by the value of 21.6 +/- 4.8 pg/ml at the first day after surgery. Among these patients, two had gastrointestinal bleeding and one developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The markedly high and persistent levels of endotoxin in patients with liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice may be possibly related with the development of multiple organ failure (MOF).
Cholestasis↗
Blood purification of bilirubin and bile acids by plasma exchange for patients with liver failure.
To evaluate the efficacy of blood purification by plasma exchange in patients with liver failure, blood levels of total bilirubin and total bile acids, known to be a part of protein-bound toxins, were measured before and after plasma exchange. With one plasma volume exchange the percent reduction was 39 for bilirubin and only 25 for bile acids. The declining of the reduction efficiency appeared to be well correlated with the prolongation of the treatment time for bilirubin and the augmentation of the initial concentration for bile acids. These data suggested that the equilibration between intra-and extra-vascular pool takes place slowly for bilirubin and comparatively rapidly for bile acids, though they are both mostly bound to albumin in the blood. In addition, the presence of protein-bound toxins like bile acids, predominantely accumulated in the tissue, may make it more difficult to support patients with liver failure by only blood purification therapy with plasma exchange.
Adult↗
[Killer phenomenon in yeast: biosynthesis and mode of action of the killer toxin].
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Base Sequence↗
[Carcinoma of the gallbladder--a clinical appraisal and review of 40 cases].
Prognosis of 40 patients with gallbladder carcinoma who had undergone curative resection was investigated. Five-year survival rate calculated from Kaplan & Meier's method was 67% in 16 cases in Stage I, 43% in 8 cases in Stage II and 22% in 10 cases in Stage III, respectively. In 6 cases, classified as Stage IV, no case survived more than 2 years postoperatively. Most patients in Stage I had the tumors of papillary type in macroscopic appearance, papillary adenocarcinoma, and negative vascular and perineural invasions and showed better prognosis. In Stages II, III and IV, in contrast, most tumors were infiltrative or nodular type, tubular adenocarcinoma, and positive vascular and perineural invasions and demonstrated poorer prognosis. Patients in Stage I who had undergone simple cholecystectomy showed 5-year survival rate of 57%, and who underwent cholecystectomy with wedged resection of the gallbladder bed of the liver and regional lymphadenectomy (extended cholecystectomy) showed that of 100%. Extended cholecystectomy, therefore, is the procedure of choice in patients in Stage I. In patients in Stages II, III and IV, extended cholecystectomy yielded 5-year survival rate of 33%. More radical procedure or combined modality therapy must be indicated in advanced stage of the disease.
Adult↗
[Spreads of gallbladder carcinoma: significance of histological classification of the tumor].
Mode of spread of the primary gallbladder carcinoma was investigated in 40 curatively operated and 91 non-curatively operated patients. Fifty-seven percent of curatively operated patients showed papillary adenocarcinoma (pap.) and 44% of non-curatively operated patients did poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma in histology. The curatively operated patients who showed pap. had the best prognosis, showing 5-year survival rate of 67%. It could be pointed out that pap. tended to limit in the gallbladder wall, since 61% and 74% of pap. showed negative serosal infiltration and hepatic invasion, respectively. Tubular adenocarcinoma (tub.), in contrast, tended to spread to adjacent viscera, since only 23% of cases showed negative serosal infiltration. In non-curatively operated patients, there was no significant difference in the survival period among different histological types of the tumor. Even in pap. with advanced stage, incidences of lymph node metastasis, invasion to the bile duct and peritoneal dissemination were closely similar to those in tub.. In conclusion, histological type of the tumor strongly influenced the spread of carcinoma and an outcome of the patients, consequently.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Determination of vitamin K3 in plasma by differential pulse polarography].
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Humans↗
Alternations of liver pathophysiology in experimental hepatic failure treated by two forms of plasma purification procedure.
Plasma cross-circulation which resembles plasma exchange and plasma perfusion over charcoal and resin adsorbents were carried out using rats with galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatic failure to investigate the effects of those plasma purification procedures on damaged liver function. Twenty-four hr after the injection of GalN, the plasma treatment procedures were performed at a plasma flow rate of 0.1 ml/min for 6 hr. Forty-eight hr after the injection of GalN, ATP synthesis in liver mitochondrial function, and ATP and total adenine nucleotide contents in the liver, which were markedly reduced by the GalN administration, were increased by both plasma cross-circulation and plasma perfusion over adsorbents. These results suggest that both plasma purification procedures improve the deterioration of mitochondrial phosphorylation activity and produce an augmented high energy status in the liver. In the histological study of the liver, volume ratio of hepatic parenchyma in the GalN-treated liver to that in the normal liver was significantly higher in rats treated with plasma perfusion than those with sham-perfusion. An efficient removal of the hepatotoxic metabolites from the plasma, therefore, decelerates the progress of GalN induced-liver tissue necrosis, if rats with GalN-induced hepatic failure are treated in an early stage.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
Superselective arterial embolization of the rat liver.
The superselective transcatheter arterial embolization has currently become an accepted treatment of hepatic tumors. We have developed an experimental model for the evaluation of this therapy in the rat liver. Using the retrograde catheterization of the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, only the peripheral intrahepatic arterial branches and sinusoids of the median and left lobes of the liver were embolized with 1.2 and 1.5 mg of Gelfoam powder. This method resembles the clinical practice because the superselective embolization could be performed adequately and allows the comparative evaluation of the responses of the embolized and non-embolized lobes.
Animals↗
[Basic knowledge of maxillo-mandibular growth and the total development of the body].
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Child, Preschool↗
[Significance of cross-circulation on obstructive jaundice in rats with special reference to the mitochondrial function of the liver and kidney].
Cross-circulation was performed to investigate the mitochondrial respiratory function of the liver and kidney in rats after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of biliary obstruction. Serum bilirubin and total bile acids concentration in blood in rats with biliary obstruction markedly decreased with 3 hours cross-circulation. There demonstrated, however, no significant change in mitochondrial function in the liver after cross-circulation. In contrast, mitochondrial function in the kidney showed significant improvement after 3 hours cross-circulation. Mitochondrial respiratory function in normal partner rats cross-circulation with jaundiced rats demonstrated temporal deterioration in the kidney and prolonged deterioration in the liver. It can be concluded that cross-circulation or plasma exchange might be useful for the prevention of renal failure in obstructive jaundice, since cross-circulation induced persistent improvement of the mitochondrial respiratory function in the kidney deteriorated by biliary obstruction.
Animals↗
Effects of homologous plasma cross-circulation on liver function in galactosamine-induced hepatic necrosis in rats.
Plasma cross-circulation that resembles clinical plasma exchange was carried out in rats with galactosamine (GalN)-treated hepatic failure to investigate its effect on the damaged liver function. Twenty-four hours after the injection of GalN, plasma cross-circulation was performed at a plasma flow rate of 0.1 ml/min for 6 h. At 48 h after the injection of GalN, survival was obtained in 6 of 8 GalN-injected rats treated with plasma cross-circulation as compared with 4 of 10 GalN-injected rats treated with sham circulation. State 3 oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis (mitochondrial respiratory function) and ATP, ADP, and total adenine nucleotide contents in the liver were significantly higher in the former group than in the latter group at that period, as determined by sacrificing the surviving animals. Although the survival rate was not significantly improved, evidence suggests that plasma cross-circulation enhanced mitochondrial phosphorylative activity and produced an augmented high-energy state of the liver, which had been markedly reduced by GalN administration. An efficient removal of toxic metabolites as well as an influx of a large amount of fresh plasma by plasma cross-circulation would be beneficial for the regenerative process of the necrosing liver tissues.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
Nuclear DNA pattern of the gallbladder cancer.
Nuclear DNA of the gallbladder cancer was stained by the Feulgen method and analyzed using a new concept of DNA score. DNA score was determined by the peak ploidy unit and decided numbers of frequency in each ploidy unit. As the result, a significant correlation between DNA score and the depth of cancer invasion was demonstrated. The depth of cancer invasion, as reported already, has close correlation to the prognosis of the patients of gallbladder cancer. These results indicate that the nuclear DNA analysis is useful for the determination of malignancy and the prediction of the prognosis of the patients.
Cell Nucleus↗
Efficacies of whole blood and plasma cross circulation on galactosamine induced hepatic failure rats.
Galactosamine induced hepatic failure rats were treated by whole blood and plasma cross circulation. While no significant improvement in survival rate was achieved by means of these 2 procedures, oxygen consumption in state 3 and ATP synthesis of mitochondrial function were significantly improved as compared to the sham circulation groups. Maintenance of mitochondrial functions as by extracorporeal perfusion techniques may be advantageous in acute hepatic failure.
Animals↗
[Long-term cross-circulation on galactosamine induced hepatic failure rats].
Cross-circulation was carried out in between galactosamine treated hepatic failure rats and normal rats and its efficacy was mainly evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiratory function of the liver. Twenty-four hours after the injection of galactosamine, cross-circulation was performed at a blood flow rate of 1 ml/min for 8 hours. Survival rate of the rats in 48 hours and 60 hours after the injection of galactosamine was 86% and 57% in a cross-circulation group and 66% and 23% in a sham-circulation group, respectively. In a cross-circulation group, there showed significant increases of ATP synthesis per 100 gr. body weight, turnover number of phosphorylation and Cyt a (+a3) which were markedly reduced in a sham-circulation group. These appear to suggest that cross-circulation provides augmented mitochondrial energy supply in the liver and contributes higher survival rate of the rats.
Animals↗