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Biomedical subjects

K Ouchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Ouchi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Research on the fatigue of dentists].

Fatigue of the dentist is mainly caused by his forced working posture. Although several studies of the cause of the fatigue and its recovery way have been done, it seems that they are not practically applied to the dental field. In this study authors obtained some basic information for the fatigue of dentists and analysed them in view point of the experience year and working posture of dentists. The results were as in the following: 1) Rate of dentists to feel the fatigue after dental treatment was 26.7% in "often" on the average, and 90% including such dentists as "occasionally". There was few difference between the fatigue and the experience year and working posture, except for a number of the dentists experienced below 10 years, who felt the fatigue in "occasionally". 2) The characteristics of physical parts for appearance of the fatigue were as follows. (1) In the standing working group, "languor" of crus and back in the dentist group experienced below 10 years, and "pain" of waist in the group experienced over 30 years were recognized. The complaints of the fatigue were not so complicated. (2) In the sitting working group, "stiffness", "pain" and "languor" of waist were recognized complicatedly. The fatigue of fingers and arms were recognized only in this working group of posture. (3) In the standing and sitting combined working group, "stiffness", "pain" and "languor" of waist were recognized complicatedly in the dentists experienced over 30 years, and their rates were in high degree.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Purification and characterization of W-protein. A DNA-binding protein showing high affinity for the W chromosome-specific repetitive DNA sequences of chicken.

A protein component, which binds with high affinity to the W chromosome-specific XhoI family repetitive DNA of chicken (Tone, M., Sakaki, Y., Hashiguchi, T., and Mizuno, S. (1984) Chromosoma (Berl.) 89, 228-237), was detected in the 0.35 M NaCl extract of the female chicken liver nuclei. This protein, designated as W-protein, was substantially purified by phosphocellulose, hydroxyapatite, and DEAE-Toyopearl column chromatography. Molecular weight of W-protein was estimated to be about 72,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but it seems to form multimeric structure having apparent molecular weight of about 2.3 X 10(6) under nondenaturing conditions. W-Protein binds strongly to both 0.7- and 1.1-kb repeating units of the XhoI family, both of which show curved DNA characteristics, and weakly to the AATAT-satellite sequence of Drosophila melanogaster. Stable binding of W-protein requires greater than or equal to 300 base pairs of the 0.7-kilobases sequence, or more than 14 tandem repeats of the 21-base pair internal repeating unit of the 0.7-kilobase sequence. DNA footprint analysis and effects of some DNA-binding compounds suggest that the DNA double helix wraps around W-protein or its multimeric form contacting through A-T-rich minor grooves. A possible role of W-protein in the formation of W heterochromatic body is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ampicillin vs. placebo for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children.

For evaluation of the efficacy of early treatment with ampicillin on the clinical course of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children, 136 patients were randomly assigned to receive either ampicillin or placebo. Subjects were those who were diagnosed as having Kawasaki syndrome and those who satisfied three of the following four criteria: fever; rash; abdominal symptoms; and a history of ingestion of untreated drinking water. Fifty-six patients had evidence of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection bacteriologically and/or serologically. Twenty-six were assigned to placebo and 28 to ampicillin. Ampicillin therapy did not show a significant benefit in shortening the duration of fever, diarrhea and abdominal pain or in preventing rash, erythema nodosum and acute renal failure. After 5 days of treatment none of the patients in the ampicillin group excreted the organism in the stool whereas 19 (90%) of 21 in the placebo group did (P less than 0.001). Ampicillin did not show a clinical benefit but reduced the fecal excretion of the organism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Significance of activation of reticuloendothelial function after hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats.

Effect of hepatectomy on the prognosis of cirrhotic rats prepared by oral administration of thioacetamide was studied from the standpoint of the reticuloendothelial function and energy metabolism of the liver. OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, was used to activate reticuloendothelial functions. Administration of OK-432 to cirrhotic rats prior to 70% hepatectomy significantly prevented the elevation of serum GOT, GPT and LDH, the prolongation of blood coagulation and the decrease of serum complement level. Hepatic ATP synthesis and RNA content were significantly increase by the use of OK-432. These findings suggest that activation of reticuloendothelial functions at the time of massive hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats may diminish hepatic injury, maintain serum complement level, and improve protein synthesis of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of perioperative nutritional support and activation of the reticuloendothelial system on the resection of the cirrhotic liver].

The cirrhotic patients were in poor nutritional condition and deteriorated reticuloendothelial function, which were further aggravated after hepatic resection. Preoperative nutritional repletion treatment as well as preoperative administration of OK-432 improved the nutritional condition and reticuloendothelial function of the patients, resulting in uneventful postoperative courses. In experimentally induced liver cirrhosis, however, an excessive amount of glucose administration in the early postoperative period induced the reduction of hepatic energy charge and ATP content. An adequate amount of glucose should be administered in a period associated with marked glucose intolerance. To determine daily glucose disposal rate rapidly, blood glucose curve obtained from intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) was analyzed in hepatectomized cirrhotic rats. It was possible to calculate prospected values of glucose disposal rate by the analytic index of IVGTT and ITT. An adequate perioperative nutritional support and the activation of the reticuloendothelial system are thought to have important therapeutic value to prevent complications of liver cirrhosis after resection.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Nuclear DNA pattern and various prognostic factors of the gallbladder cancer].

Nuclear DNA patterns which was obtained by the Feulgen staining and microspectrophotometric measurement in the gallbladder cancer were analyzed. DNA score was determined by the peak ploidy unit and decided numbers of frequency in each ploidy unit and compared with the various factors influencing prognosis of the patients. DNA score was significantly lower in cancer with papillary form and limited involvement to the mucosa compared with that with other forms and involvement beyond the proper muscle layer. DNA score was also significantly lower in cancer without hepatic infiltration, vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis than that with those characteristics. In experimental studies VX2 cancer cells which were implanted in the gallbladder subserosa in rabbits, DAN score did not show any changes with the growth of carcinoma implanted. Biologic nature of the tumor which was evaluated with nuclear DNA pattern of cancer cells was fundamental to define the spread of carcinoma and the prognosis of the patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[The pathogenesis of perineural tumor invasion--a computer reconstruction study on its relation with a lymphatic spread in human and experimental carcinomas of the bile duct].

The way in which tumors reach the perineural space of the nerves from adjacent tissues has been studied by a computer 3-D reconstruction of a bile duct wall invaded by a carcinoma, from the case histories of two patients with a bile duct carcinoma and from rabbits given a VX2 tumor that had been transplanted. It was found that while carcinomas readily grew along the perineural spaces in an axial direction these carcinomas also had, simultaneously, abundant connections with tumors growing outside, especially with lymphatic tumors. Thus it was likely that tumors reach the distant nerves mainly via this lymphatic connection, i.e., first forming satellite lymphogenous foci around the nerves and then, as a second step, breaking into the perineural space.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of superselective arterial embolization and chemoembolization on energy charge and total blood flow of the rat liver.

The superselective transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and chemoembolization (TAC) of the periphery of the left and median lobes of the rat liver were performed using 1.5 mg of gelatin sponge dissolved in saline solution and mitomycin (MMC) at a dose of 1.6 mg/kg b.wt. The energy charge (EC) of the embolized and chemoembolized lobes decreased after the embolization but was restored 3 h later. The total hepatic blood flow (THBF) was reduced to about one half and required 1 week to be restored to the preembolization levels in both groups. Microscopic centrilobular necrosis and vacuolization were found. The addition of MMC did not produce marked untoward effects. Thus, the normal liver is able to restore its energy pool despite a reduction in the THBF after superselective arterial embolization, and this recovery is not altered even by the use of a high dose of MMC.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1987

The significance of activation of reticuloendothelial function on hepatectomy.

The prognosis of patients after massive hepatectomy is poor in certain cases whose hepatic reserve, including reticuloendothelial function, is deteriorated. We administered OK-432 before 70% hepatectomy on rats to activate the reticuloendothelial function and studied its effect on postoperative course. The elevations in plasma endotoxin, GOT and GTP were attenuated, and the deterioration of the complement activity after hepatectomy was greatly improved by OK-432 treatment. The RNA content in the liver was significantly increased by OK-432 administration. These findings suggest that activation of the reticuloendothelial function at the time of massive hepatectomy enhances endotoxin clearance from blood and thereby contributes in lessening the magnitude of hepatic injury, maintaining the serum complement, and improving liver protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Activation of reticuloendothelial function for prevention of endotoxemia after hepatectomy in cirrhotic patients.

In order to prevent endotoxemia after hepatectomy in cirrhotic patients, we administered OK-432 before and after hepatectomy to activate the reticuloendothelial function and studied its effect on postoperative endotoxemia. In the cirrhotic group without OK-432 administration (7 patients), the value of endotoxin increased significantly after hepatectomy, compared to the cirrhotic group which received OK-432 administration (5 patients) and the non-cirrhotic group (12 patients), and the endotoxin level was still higher than the preoperative value even on the 14th day. On the other hand, the cirrhotic group with OK-432 administration and the non-cirrhotic group showed minimal increases of endotoxin levels at the first day, which returned to the preoperative values at the third day. Base on these findings, it is suggested that activation of the reticuloendothelial function bears substantial significance as one of the therapeutic modalities for prevention of endotoxemia after hepatectomy in cirrhotic patients.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1987

Prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma.

A clinical and pathologic review was undertaken of 36 patients with primary carcinoma of the gallbladder who could tolerate curative resection. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with tumor exposed to the serosa (n = 17) was significantly lower than that of the patients with tumor limited to the mucosa (n = 7), muscularis (n = 7), or subserosa (n = 5). Macroscopically, all tumors limited to the mucosa and 6 of 7 limited to the muscularis were of the papillary form, which was associated with a better patient survival (p less than 0.05) than the nodular or infiltrative form present in 11 of 17 tumors that penetrated to the serosa. The papillary or well-differentiated carcinoma--present in all patients with tumors superficial to the gallbladder subserosa--had a higher survival (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01) than the moderately or poorly differentiated carcinoma present in 7 of 17 tumors with spread to the serosa. Incidences of venous, lymphatic, or perineural invasion were higher in tumors that spread beyond the serosa than those limited to the mucosa (p less than 0.05), and survival differed between patients with and without these characteristics (p less than 0.001). Analysis for nuclear DNA pattern of those tumors limited to the mucosa revealed its lower cellular malignancy. Patients with tumors superficial to the subserosa survived longer after undergoing extended cholecystectomy than those who underwent simple cholecystectomy (p less than 0.05). The prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma was highly influenced not only by the biologic nature of tumor but by the surgical procedures used.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[FT, 5-FU and uracil concentrations of the blood, bile and tissue of hepatoma with liver cirrhosis after oral administration of UFT].

UFT was orally administered to eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with liver cirrhosis and to five patients with normal liver. The concentrations of FT-207 (FT), 5-FU, and uracil in blood, tissue and bile were then respectively determined. The FT level in cancer tissue and non-cancer tissue was almost identical in patients with HCC. On the other hand, the 5-FU level in normal liver tissue was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than that in cancer tissue, and the uracil level in normal liver tissue was lower than that in cancer tissue (P less than 0.05). Transportation of FT from blood to liver was significantly correlated with clearance of indocyanine green from the blood (ICGK). These results suggested that transportation of FT from blood to liver and activation of FT were impaired in HCC with liver cirrhosis. However, the 5-FU level in the cancer tissue of HCC tended to be higher than that in non-cancer tissue. The 5-FU level in the tissue had a significant correlation with the FT level in the tissue. In addition, it was presumed that cancer tissue was able to produce 5-FU from FT more quickly than non-cancer tissue.

Administration, Oral↗