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Biomedical subjects

K Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohara.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with cefoxitin in pediatric field (author's transl)].

Cefoxitin was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 6 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of cervical purulent lymphadenitis, 1 case of streptococcosis and 1 case of omphalitis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 16 cases out of 20 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 11 strains out of 15 strains. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with eruption and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that cefoxitin is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Effects of heat acclimation of distance runners in a moderately hot environment.

Five distance runners (H groups) performed a 60 min bicycle exercise at a load of 60--70% VO2max in a moderately hot environment (Ta: 33.5 degree C, 60% RH). Following a period of heat acclimation with bench-stepping at a load equal to about 25--30% VO2max, in a hot environment (Ta: 45--50 degree C, 30--40% RH) for 9 days, the work test was repeated. Two control subjects (R) performed the same work tests with no heat acclimation. Heat acclimation increased performance time. Rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, heart rate, and Na+ concentrations in sweat were lower in H and, with one exception, sweat rate was higher after heat acclimation. All H subjects demonstrated that the linear relationship between sweat rate and rectal temperature was shifted to a lower temperature (threshold shift). This shift correlated with a lowering of resting rectal temperature. The magnitude of the reduction in those two temperatures due to heat acclimation was identical. The observed improvement of work performance in moderate heat following heat acclimation to a higher temperature is attributed to a more efficient thermoregulatory mechanism.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1980

Diurnal variation of thermal resistance in rats.

Effects of photoperiod on heat resistance were studied in 88 rats by observing their survival times in a hot environment (42.5 degrees C). Prior to the experiments individual rats were exposed to a given heat (42.5 degrees C) at a definite time of day and a "predicted survival time" in a given heat in individual rats was obtained. Rats were then divided into eight groups (with nine rats in each group) so as to ensure intergroup homogeneity regarding their predicted survival time and were exposed to heat at different times of day (every 3 h) until they were exhausted. It was found that the heat resistance varied with the time of day. In the eight groups kept under a normal light-dark cycle (L, 0700-1900;D, 1900-0700), heat resistances were observed to be significantly higher in the light phase than in the dark phase. Lethal body temperature was not correlated with the heat resistance. In two other groups (n = 8) kept under conditions reversed from the normal lighting cycle, resistance was higher in the nighttime (corresponding to the light phase when the rats were kept in the reversed lighting cycle) than in the morning (corresponding to the dark phase), these changes being accompanied by a phase shift of the diurnal changes in body temperature.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Relationships between hypothalamic catecholamines, blood pressure and body temperature in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Rectal temperature, catecholamine contents in the hypothalamus, and blood pressure were measured in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). SHR had a significantly higher rectal temperature than WKY. Noradrenaline contents were lower in SHR than WKY. Noradrenaline was inversely correlated with the blood pressure and body temperature in SHR. In subgroups of SHR, differences in values of the parameters mentioned above were also observed.

Animals↗