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Biomedical subjects

K Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to K Ohara.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of endurance training on thermoregulation in females.

Thermoregulatory responses to heat have been evaluated at rest in 27 university students; 11 female competitive athletes, 8 male non-athletes, and 8 female non-athletes. They rested for 2 h in an ambient temperature of 32 degrees C, 40% RH with their legs immersed up to the knees in a stirred water bath of 42 degrees C. Sweat rates of the female athletes were higher than the female non-athletes, but lower than the male non-athletes. Core temperature threshold for sweating was significantly lower in the female athletes than in the male and female non-athletes. The slope in sweat rate/core temperature relationship of the female athletes was nearly parallel to that of the female non-athletes. The thermoregulatory responses observed in the female athletes are thought to be comparable to those produced by heat adaptation. Comparing the heat responses in male and female non-athletes, no distinct sexual differences were observed in the rise in core temperature, mean skin temperature, and the core temperature threshold for sweating. On the other hand, the slope in the sweat rate/core temperature relationship was significantly steeper in males than in females. The beneficial modifications of heat responses demonstrated in the present study in female athletes are similiar to those observed in male athletes.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Secondary malignant neoplasms following radiotherapy of a mouse mammary carcinoma.

Long-term observations were made for the development of secondary neoplasms following radiotherapy of animal tumors. Experimental tumors were 3rd generation isotransplants of a mammary carcinoma which arose spontaneously in a C3Hf/He mouse. A single dose of TCD20-TCD98 was followed by weekly observations. Most recurrences were observed in the first 150 days, while only a few were seen in the subsequent 150 days. Secondary neoplasms developed frequently following this period, i.e., 41 out of 67 animals surviving more than 300 days developed secondary neoplasms. They were osteogenic and soft tissue sarcomas, and half the new tumors were found within 490 days after radiotherapy. The results obtained were compared with literature reports of secondary neoplasms following postoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast and treatment of retinoblastomas. Most of these secondary human neoplasms were nonepithelial sarcomas as in the present study. Secondary carcinomas have been reported following radiotherapy of carcinoma in other locations, i.e., the cervix or head and neck; however, only a limited number of studies have been reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy. Activity of arylsulfatase A in serum of patients and family.

Arylsulfatase A (ASA) activity in urine and serum was assayed on two 21-month-old monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), their parents, and kin. The patients showed a marked reduction in ASA activity in both urine and serum. The twins' parents and 11 kin, a total of 13 persons, were examined for ASA activity in serum, but it was not possible to delineate heterozygous carriers of MLD by the present study. The assay of ASA activity in serum promises to be useful for diagnosis of MLD.

Cerebroside-Sulfatase↗
PubMed1978

Transapical aortic perfusion with a double-barreled cannula.

The transapical aortic perfusion method is a new approach to cardipulmonary bypass and is performed with an infusion cannula placed in the ascending aorta through the left ventricular apex. The technique is applicable to almost all varieties of open-heart surgery, and is the most efficient method in infants and small children. A double-barreled forked cannula performs the two functions of aortic infusion and left ventricular decompression. With a Bakelite obturator, its cannulation to the aorta is very quick and easy. The transapical aortic perfusion method with a double-barreled cannula has been utilized in 156 open-heart operations with 17 perioperative fatalities and 1 late death. The 138 surviving patients have done well for periods up to four years. The perfusion method was developed from the left heart bypass and assisted circulation technique independently invented by Chardack's group and by us in 1966 and 1969, respectively.

Adolescent↗