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Biomedical subjects

K Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to K Nishida.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Valvuloplasty for acute mitral insufficiency caused by torn chordae (Carpentier method): report of a case].

A 66-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with acute heart failure (NYHA III), and diagnosed as an MR + Tr. The cause of MR was torn chordae of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve. A prolapse part of the posterior leaflet was resected and sutured by McGoon's method. Valvuloplasty was performed by using a Carpentier ring. Postoperative course was uneventful. She recovered well after the operation. Histological examination of the valve showed myxomatous degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Change in levels of specific terminal sugar residues of glycoproteins in sera of patients with complication of diabetes and liver injury].

The concentrations of specific terminal sugar residues of glycoproteins were determined in sera of patients with diabetes, liver injury or complication of both diseases. A significant increase in serum galactose (Gal) concentration was found in all patients. Serum N-acetylneuraminic acid-galactose (NANA-Gal) concentration was significantly decreased in patients with complication of diabetes and liver injury, whereas a high concentration of serum N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) was observed only in diabetic patients. Thus the determination of serum Gal and NANA-Gal should be added to one of clinical tests to provide new information on the pathological conditions of diabetes and liver injury.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of chromosome abnormalities with clinical characteristics in thyroid lymphoma.

Karyotypes from seven patients with thyroid lymphoma were studied before treatment. When the cytogenetic results were correlated with the clinical data, it became evident that there are two distinct groups of patients with thyroid lymphoma. In a group of patients with solely numerical abnormalities the disease is associated with a rather long duration from the onset of goiter to the time of operation for lymphoma, with abnormal thyroid function, and with positive tests for antithyroid autoantibodies. Two of four patients in this group showed trisomy 22; the remaining two showed a loss of a sex chromosome. The other group of patients with solely structural abnormalities is associated with a short duration from the onset of goiter to the time of operation, with normal thyroid function, and with the trend of negative tests for autoantibodies. Two of three patients in this group showed a 14q+ abnormality. These results indicate that there are two distinct type of thyroid lymphoma, chromosomal changes of which are implicated as pathogenetic factors in lymphomagenesis of different mechanisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Nonrandom rearrangement of chromosome 14 at band q32.33 in human lymphoid malignancies with mature B-cell phenotype.

Chromosomes were studied in 61 patients with differentiated B-cell malignancies including 21 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), three with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), eight with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), and 29 with plasma cell disorder. Chromosomally abnormal clones were identified in 35 of 61 patients studied: all with NHL, all with HCL, three of eight with WM, and eight of 29 with plasma cell disorder. The most recurrent chromosomal abnormality, observed in 26 of the 35 patients whose chromosomes were abnormal, was a rearrangement involving chromosome 14, in which an additional segment was attached at band 32 in the long arm to form a 14q+ marker chromosome. This rearrangement was seen in 17 patients with NHL, three with HCL, one with WM, and five with plasma cell disorder. In NHL, the rearrangement correlates with histological subclasses: t(14;18) in all four patients with malignant lymphoma (ML)-follicular, mixed small cleaved and large cell; t(8;14) or its variant form, t(8;22), in all six with ML-small noncleaved cell; and t(11;14) in two of three with ML-diffuse, mixed small and large cell. A t(14;18) was also found in each patient with ML-diffuse, large cell, WM, and multiple myeloma, and a variant three-way translocation, t(5;18;14) (q13;q21;q32), in one with ML-diffuse, small cleaved cell. The donor sites for these 14q+ were assigned to oncogene loci: c-myc (8q24), bcl-1 (11q13), and bcl-2 (18q21). Moreover, the donor sites were also located near immunoglobulin light chain gene loci in each patient with leukemic ML-diffuse, mixed small and large cell, t(2;14) (p13;q32.3), and HCL, t(14;22)(q32.3;q11.2). These findings suggest that chimeric DNA formation, not only between an immunoglobulin gene and a certain oncogene, but also between the IgH gene and one of the IgL genes may be potentially relevant in malignant B-cell proliferation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Distribution of breakpoint within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) in chronic myelogenous leukemia with a complex Philadelphia chromosome translocation.

We analyzed, by Southern blot hybridization, the site of breakpoint within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) in six patients with a complex Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) translocation and in 23 unselected patients with a standard Ph. The breakpoint was found within the 5.8 kb bcr in all 29 patients. When the bcr was subdivided into four parts, fragments I-IV, based on the restriction enzyme sites, among the six patients with a complex Ph, two had a breakpoint at fragment I, three at fragment II, and one at fragment III. This distribution of breakpoints in patients with a complex Ph did not differ significantly from that in patients with a standard Ph. A deletion of an allele within the bcr was found in three patients (50%) with a complex Ph and in three (13%) with a standard Ph. The internal bcr deletion may be more common in patients with a complex Ph.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Disposition of a polymeric prodrug of mitomycin C, mitomycin C-dextran conjugate, in the perfused rat liver.

The disposition of a polymeric prodrug of mitomycin C (MMC), mitomycin C-dextran conjugate (MMC-D), was studied in the single-pass perfused rat liver in order to clarify the effect of physico-chemical properties, such as molecular weight and electric charge, on the hepatic uptake of MMC-D. Six types of MMC-D were used: both cationic MMC-D (MMC-Dcat) and anionic MMC-D (MMC-Dan) conjugated with dextran with molecular weights of 10,000, 70,000, and 500,000. Outflow curves were analyzed using statistical moment theory. Remarkable hepatic uptake of MMC-Dcat was observed and the uptake amount increased with an increase in molecular weight (i.e., approximately 80% of the dose was taken up by the liver during a single passage of the conjugate with a molecular weight of 500,000). Intrinsic clearance (CLint,i) and apparent distribution volume (Vi) also increased as the molecular weight increased. On the other hand, almost 100% of applied MMC-Dan was recovered in the outflow regardless of molecular weight, with almost the same moment parameters as those of the vascular reference substance (VRS), 131I-labeled human serum albumin (HSA). In a repeated application, the uptake of MMC-Dcat decreased in a stepwise manner, suggesting a saturation in the hepatic uptake of MMC-Dcat, while the uptake of MMC-Dan was unchanged. The MMC-Dcat pretreatment also affected the uptake of Evans blue (EB) bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA). These results demonstrate that molecular weight and electric charge determine the hepatic disposition of macromolecular prodrugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vivo activity on murine tumors of a novel antitumor compound, N-beta-dimethylaminoethyl 9-carboxy-5-hydroxy-10-methoxybenzo[a]phenazine-6-carboxamide sodium salt (NC-190).

A novel antitumor compound, N-beta-dimethyl-aminoethyl 9-carboxy-5-hydroxy-10-methoxybenzo[a]-phenazine-6-carboxamide sodium salt (NC-190) was evaluated for its antitumor activity in experimental murine tumor systems. In the initial studies with P388 leukemia (i.p.-i.p.), NC-190 led to an increase of greater than 200% in life span (ILS), and 75% of the mice were alive on day 30, when the optimal dose (50 mg/kg, days 1-5) was given. Additionally, the compound had significant activities against i.p. inoculated mouse L1210 leukemia, B16 melanoma, M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma, sarcoma 180, mouse hepatoma MH134, and rat Yoshida sarcoma and Yoshida ascites hepatoma AH130. The optimal dose resulted in a greater than 280% ILS with a 30-day survival of 50% in mice with L1210 leukemia (100 mg/kg, days 1-5), a 156% ILS in mice with B16 melanoma (50 mg/kg, days 1-5), a 98% ILS with a 90-day survival of 25% in mice with M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma (25 mg/kg, days 1, 5, 9, and 13), a greater than 300% ILS with a 60-day survival of 50% in mice with sarcoma 180 (50 mg/kg, days 3-10), a 148% ILS with a 60-day survival of 25% in mice with MH134 (25 mg/kg, days 1-5), a 129% ILS with a 60-day survival of 12.5% in rats with Yoshida sarcoma (12.5 mg/kg, day 3-10), and a greater than 161% ILS with a 60-day survival of 50% in rats with AH130 (6.3 mg/kg, days 3-10). In the experiments with s.c. inoculated tumors, NC-190 not only inhibited tumor growth, but also increased the life span of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma or B16 melanoma. The 60-day survivors accounted for 60% and 30% in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma, respectively. The compound significantly inhibited the spontaneous lung metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma by more than 90% when eight daily i.v. injections were given. NC-190 was active by the i.p., s.c., and i.v. routes. Five consecutive daily i.p. doses (days 1-5) were more effective than a single dose (day 1), two doses (days 1 and 5), or three doses (days 1, 5, and 9). NC-190 warrants further study as a potential antineoplastic agent against human neoplasms, as it has a broad spectrum of antitumor activity and inhibits metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (M2) with chromosome abnormality trisomy 4 developing eight years after radiation therapy for breast cancer.

We report here the development, 8 years after radiation therapy for breast cancer, of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), type M2 of the FAB classification, in which trisomy 4 was detected as the only chromosomal abnormality. Simultaneous observation of cytologic and cytogenetic features of individual colonies derived from leukemic progenitor (L-CFU) and early progenitor (CFU mix) cultures in this patient revealed that all colonies examined had a normal karyotype, although the clone with trisomy 4 was predominant in the direct bone-marrow culture. These findings suggest that progenitor cells with trisomy 4 were less predominant in colony growth when stimulated by colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) than were stem cells with a normal karyotype.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Cutis laxa with ultrastructural abnormalities of elastic fiber.

A case of a congenital, autosomal recessive form of generalized cutis laxa is reported. The patient was a 27-month-old boy with generalized flaccid skin and short stature. Radiologic examination revealed that the age of the bones of the wrist was compatible with a chronologic age of only 1 year. Elastic fibers were diminished throughout the dermis, and results of electron microscopic study showed globular and unstained elastin and relatively large amounts of the microfibrillar components of elastic fibers.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Statistical moment analysis of hepatobiliary transport of phenol red in the perfused rat liver.

A new experimental system was applied to study hepatobiliary transport of drugs. Rat livers were perfused using a single-pass technique, and phenol red was momentarily introduced to this system from the portal side. Outflow dilution patterns of phenol red were analyzed using statistical moment theory, and kinetic parameters of hepatic distribution and elimination of phenol red were calculated from moments, namely, the hepatic extraction ratio (Ei) and elimination rate constant (kel,i). A larger distribution volume (Vi) was obtained for phenol red than for 131I-human serum albumin (HSA) and 51Cr-red blood cells (RBC), indicating its extravascular diffusivity. The biliary excretion of conjugated phenol red was delayed relative to that of the free agent. The larger biliary mean transit time (tbile,conj.) represents the processes of biliary transport and intrahepatic metabolism. Further, the effects of dose and perfusion temperature on the hepatobiliary transport of phenol red were determined. With high doses or low perfusion temperatures (20 and 27 degrees C), Ei, kel,i, and intrinsic clearance (CLint,i) of phenol red and biliary recovery of free and conjugated phenol red (Fbile,free, Fbile,conj) significantly decreased. The temperature-dependent and saturable processes in hepatic uptake, metabolism, and biliary excretion of phenol red were assessable to moment analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Skin pigmentation associated with minocycline therapy.

A patient on long-term minocycline therapy developed blue-black discoloration on the legs. Skin biopsy specimens from the pigmented areas were examined by light and electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Pigmented granules were present at all levels of the dermis and subcutaneous fat tissues. Ultrastructural examination showed electron-dense granular material within the cytoplasm of dermal macrophages and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis indicated that the granules contained iron. Thyroid tissue obtained by aspiration biopsy showed the presence of fine brown granules within the cytoplasm of the follicular epithelial cells. An extract of skin from the pigmented areas was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography and minocycline was detected.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Bacterial meningitis caused by Veillonella parvula.

A three-year-old girl injured her right eyelid with a toothbrush. The wound was sutured. Swelling of the eyelid, high fever and vomiting developed in spite of oral antibiotics for seven days. The findings of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were white blood cells (WBC) 26,368/mm3 (90% polymorphs), protein 127 mg/dl, and sugar 0 mg/dl. Although Gram negative organisms were seen on the smear, aerobic culture was sterile. Later culture of CSF on admission grew anaerobic bacteria: Veillonella parvula. Intravenous administration of penicillins with cefotaxime (CTX), or of fosfomycin (FOM) were ineffective. Chloramphenicol (CP) cured the patient without neurological sequelae. There were no abnormal findings on brain CT scan. This is the first report of Veillonella meningitis. V. parvula appeared to have invaded the CSF from the abscess of the eyelid. It is necessary to consider anaerobic meningitis when there is a preceding pyogenic infection in the head.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

Myelodysplastic syndrome preceding acute myelomonocytic leukemia with dysplastic marrow eosinophilia and inv(16).

A 44-year-old Japanese male having refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) preceding acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) with dysplastic marrow eosinophilia (M4Eo in the FAB classification) is reported. Sequential cytogenetic studies revealed a specific chromosomal abnormality, inv(16) (p13q22), when RAEB was first diagnosed and again when overt leukemic transformation compatible with M4Eo was manifested. However, during the interval between the RAEB and AMMoL, an unrelated abnormal karyotype without inv(16), 47,XY,+9, was seen, when hematological data revealed remission after a low dose of cytosine arabinoside was administered. In this patient eosinophils in the marrow were involved in the leukemic process cytogenetically, because a few metaphases overlaid with eosinophilic granules had the inv(16) with other numerical abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Impact of odor hedonics on sensory odor intensity--physiological intensity and sensory intensity].

In this study, it is supposed that the human recognition system for odor intensity can be classified into systems of physiological intensity and sensory intensity. The former is the intensity based on the physiological response to olfaction, the latter is the intensity dependent on psychological properties such as odor qualities and odor hedonics. The purpose of this study is to make clear the relationship between physiological intensity and sensory intensity. In this paper, therefore, the quantitative relationships between all physiological intensities of odorous compounds were evaluated in experimental subjects by means of the sensory similarity test, and the impacts of the odor hedonics on the sensory intensity were examined based on the correlations between the measured sensory intensities and the hedonics of all subjects. As a result, it was confirmed that a linear relation was established between the psychological impacting factor alpha, which was the ratio of the sensory intensity to the physiological intensity, and odor hedonics. It was also estimated that methylamine had a maximum physiological intensity and ethyl isobutyrate a minimum one based on the equivalent sensory intensity.

Cognition↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the method of measurement of odorants dissolved in water--the simplified head space method].

An improved and simplified Head Space Method was devised for measurement of the concentration of odorants dissolved in waste water, and this method was examined to determine whether it was applicable for this purpose or not. This method is taken into consideration the variableness of liquid concentration and of gas pressure resulting from the volatilization of odorants and aqueous vapor to the atmosphere. By this method, the constants of hydrogen sulfide, dimethylsulfide and trimethylamine were measured under various temperatures and pHs. As a result of comparison with the measured values obtained by the Stripping Method and those from the heretofore used Head Space Method, this method appeared to be fairly applicable.

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration↗