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Biomedical subjects

K Kida

Publications and source records attributed to K Kida.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Heterogeneity in myasthenia gravis: HLA phenotypes and autoantibody responses in ocular and generalized types.

HLA phenotypes and autoantibody responses were studied in 71 Japanese patients with myasthenia gravis. HLA-A2, Bw61, and DRw9 were associated with ocular myasthenia gravis (corrected p [CP] less than 0.05 relative risk [RR] = 2.88; CP less than 0.02, RR = 3.60; and CP less than 0.001, RR = 4.63, respectively) and HLA-DRw8 was associated with generalized myasthenia gravis (CP less than 0.001, RR = 5.40). Neither HLA-B8 nor DR3 was found in Japanese patients. The titer of antiacetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR Ab) and the incidence of autoantibodies other than AChR Ab were higher in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis than in those with the ocular type (2.77 +/- 0.62 versus 0.17 +/- 0.03 pmol/ml, p less than 0.001; and 60.6 versus 29.0%, p less than 0.02, respectively). Patients with a high titer of AChR Ab or with autoantibodies had an increased frequency of HLA-DRw8 (CP less than 0.02, RR = 4.61, and CP less than 0.005, RR = 4.53, respectively); whereas patients with a low titer of AChR Ab or without autoantibodies had an increased frequency of HLA-DRw9 (CP less than 0.001, RR = 8.26, and CP less than 0.005, RR = 4.08, respectively). These findings suggest that ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis might have different immunogenetic backgrounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Insulin binding to circulating erythrocytes in nonobese diabetic mice.

Insulin binding to circulating erythrocytes was studied in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice which develop insulinopenic diabetes mellitus spontaneously. NOD mice with a short duration of diabetes mellitus and mild insulinopenia did not show any change in insulin binding, while those with a long duration of diabetes mellitus and severe insulinopenia showed an increase in insulin binding compared with nondiabetic NOD mice (6.85 +/- 0.38% bound vs. 4.19 +/- 0.24% bound, p less than 0.01). This increase in insulin binding was due to an increase in the number of receptors. Insulin treatment of diabetic NOD mice significantly reduced the insulin binding by 64%, which resulted from a decrease in the number of the receptors. These results indicate that insulin binding to erythrocytes in NOD mice is controlled mostly by up-and-down regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical studies of flomoxef in the pediatric field].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) was evaluated pharmacologically and clinically in its application to bacterial infections in children. 1. Pharmacokinetics: A bullous intravenous injection of FMOX at 20 mg/kg body weight gave a peak serum concentration of 114.6 +/- 34.4 micrograms/ml in 1 minute after the injection and T1/2 of beta-phase was 0.86 +/- 0.15 hours. 2. Bacteriological effectiveness: MIC of FMOX against Staphylococcus aureus except resistant strains (10(6) cells/ml) was below 0.39 micrograms/ml and against Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10(6) cells/ml) were below 0.78 microgram/ml. 3. Clinical effectiveness: Clinical effectiveness of FMOX was excellent in 14 cases, good in 2 cases and fairly good in 1 case among 17 cases of bacterial infections examined. An increase in eosinophilic leukocytes was observed in 1 case but no other clinical adverse effects were detected. These findings indicate that FMOX is a useful and safe antibiotic as a first choice against bacterial infections in children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical studies of cefuzonam in the pediatric field].

Analysis on serum concentrations of cefuzonam (CZON, L-105) in 7 children who received different doses of CZON revealed a dose-response relationship. The half-life of the drug in blood was 0.90 hour. CZON was administered to 17 pediatric patients with bacterial infections. The clinical efficacy rate was 88% (15/17), and the eradication rate of pathogens was 80% (4/5). Only one case of mild diarrhea (1/17) was observed as a side effect associated with CZON.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

AMP deaminase activity of skeletal muscle in neuromuscular disorders in childhood. Histochemical and biochemical studies.

We studied the histochemical staining and biochemical activity of AMP deaminase in biopsied muscle in Becker-type muscular dystrophy (BMD), Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy (DMD), Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (WH) in order to elucidate the change of AMP deaminase activity in muscle with neuromuscular disorders in childhood. The intensity of AMP deaminase staining did not decrease in BMD with mild pathologic change, but in DMD, FCMD and WH it decreased in parallel with the severity of the pathologic change. The biochemical activity of AMP deaminase did not decrease in muscle with mild pathologic change in patients with DMD and tended to decrease according to the progress of the disease. The activity of AMP deaminase in muscle of patients with FCMD and WH which showed severe pathologic change was remarkably low. It was demonstrated that the decrease in the activity of AMP deaminase was related to the intensity of pathologic change rather than diagnosis of a neuromuscular disorder.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1986

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefixime in pediatric field].

Cefixime (CFIX) was evaluated for pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effectiveness on infection, safety, and bacteriological effectiveness in pediatrics. The following is a summary of the results. Pharmacokinetics in 4 children, 2 each receiving a single dose of 1.5 mg or 6.0 mg per kg body weight, were examined. Peak serum CFIX concentrations after the dose of 1.5 mg/kg were 1.12 and 1.34 micrograms/ml, and the serum half-lives were 1.83 and 3.53 hours. For the children administered with 6.0 mg/kg of CFIX, the respective figures were 2.50 and 7.46 micrograms/ml, and 6.77 and 6.64 hours. The 12-hour urinary recoveries were 4.9 and 34.1% and 9.4 and 25.4% for the small and the large doses, respectively. Therapeutic effectiveness in 19 children with infections was "excellent" in 14 and "good" in 5, with an effectiveness rate of 100%. Bacteriological effectiveness was evaluated in 10 children. Classified by causative organisms, 5 cases had H. influenzae, 2 each H. parainfluenzae and S. pyogenes, and 1 mixed infection by H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae. Only the H. influenzae in the child with mixed infection resisted the therapy, and all the other pathogens were successfully eradicated. No side effects were recorded. The only abnormal laboratory test finding attributed to CFIX was eosinophilia in 2 children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Water structure in modified bovine plasma albumin (BPA) gel and bovine mercaptalbumin solution. 1H-n.m.r. studies.

Bovine plasma albumin Fr. V (BPA) has been known to contain small amounts of proteolytic enzyme. Wilson & Foster (1971) found a very limited and specific cleavage of BPA catalyzed by the enzyme with BPA in the F-form near pH 3.8, resulting in the formation of partially hydrolyzed BPA (BPA*). BPA* had a tendency to form a transparent gel at pD 4.0 (pD range of the F-form) above 8%, though proteolytic enzyme-free bovine mercaptalbumin (BMA) was in a transparent solution at pD 4.0 even at 12%. Water structures of the F-form of BMA in the solution state and of BPA* in the gel state were studied by measuring 1H-n.m.r. spectra, spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and cross relaxation time (TIS) between irradiated and observed protons. Protein concentration-dependent changes of T1 of water protons indicated that the amount of hydrated water of BPA* in the gel state is far greater than that of the F-form of BMA in the solution state. TIS values from protein protons to water protons also indicated a large amount of hydration of BPA*, strong interaction between water and BPA* and rapid exchange between bound and bulk water in the gel state.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

High-performance liquid chromatographic studies on non-mercapt in equilibrium with mercapt conversion of human serum albumin. II.

High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of human serum albumin (HSA) on a GS-520 column with 0.03 M sodium phosphate buffer-0.15 M sodium sulphate (pH 6.87) showed three peaks, the principal component corresponding to human mercaptalbumin (HMA) and the secondary and tertiary components to nonmercaptalbumin (HNA). Using HPLC analysis, the nonmercapt----mercapt conversion of HSA during haemodialysis and the mercapt----nonmercapt conversion after haemodialysis in chronic renal failure were re-confirmed, indicating that HMA is a covalent carrier protein for sulphur-containing amino acids. Fractions of HMA in various liver diseases were significantly lower than those of healthy male adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

HPLC-studies on nonmercapt-mercapt conversion of human serum albumin.

Human mercaptalbumin (HMA) and nonmercaptalbumin (HNA) could be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at neutral pH. Using HPLC, the present authors found the nonmercapt-mercapt conversion (HNA----HMA) during hemodialysis and the mercapt-nonmercapt conversion (HMA----HNA) after hemodialysis in chronic renal failure, indicating HMA as the covalent carrier protein for sulfur-containing amino acids.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1985

Circular dichroic and fluorometric studies on the acid-induced isomerization of bovine plasma albumin--1 -anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate complex.

The acid-induced isomerization (the N-F transition) and expansion of bovine plasma albumin--1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate complex, BPA-ANS1.0 complex (molar ratio of added ANS to BPA = 1.0) were studied by measuring fluorescence and induced CD spectra of ANS. Decrease in the reciprocal of fluorescence polarization, increase in fluorescence intensity and blue shift of fluorescence of ANS in BPA-ANS1.0 complex were correlated with the initial part of the N-F transition and/or the N-F1 transition. Induced CD spectra of ANS showed positive bands at 250-258 and 320-350 nm and one negative band at 280 nm. Most of changes (decreases) in -[theta]280 were also correlated with the initial part of the N-F transition and/or the N-F1 transition. Changes in fluorescence parameters and induced CD spectra of ANS (-[theta]280) might indicate the conformational changes around a strong ANS binding site in the N-terminal domain (Reed et al. (1975), Jonas & Weber (1970) and Brown & Shockley (1982].

Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical studies of cefminox in the pediatric field].

The in vitro antibacterial activity of cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was nearly equal to that of CTX, LMOX, CMZ and CPZ against the 4 species of clinically isolated strains. CMNX was applied to a total of 17 patients including 11 cases of bronchitis, 4 cases of pneumonia and 2 cases of urinary tract infection. The results showed an efficacy rate of 94% (16/17). In the 4 patients from whom the isolation of pathogenic organisms was possible, the bacteriological response to CMNX was appreciable the efficacy rate being 80% (4/5). No side effect of the drug was observed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical use of ceftizoxime suppositories in pediatric infection].

Ceftizoxime suppositories (CZX-S) were given to 5 children comprising 3 with acute bronchitis, 1 with acute bronchitis complicated by enteritis, and 1 with acute urinary tract infection, in doses of 12.5 12.5-17.4 mg/kg with 1 suppository containing 125 mg or 250 mg (potency) given 3 times a day. The clinical response was "markedly effective" in 2 and "effective" in 3. Microbiologically CZX-S caused a eradication of 1 strain each of S. aureus and E. coli and caused a decrease of organisms in 1 strain of S. aureus. There were no adverse reactions or abnormal laboratory test findings attributable to CZX-S. In conclusion, CZX-S proved to be a clinically useful antibiotic preparation for the treatment of infection in children not suited to treatment with oral or intravenous preparations.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical studies on aspoxicillin in the pediatric field].

Studies on efficacy and safety of aspoxicillin (ASPC) were carried out to 14 cases of pediatric infections, and the following results were obtained. Clinical efficacy of ASPC to 10 respiratory infections, 1 urinary tract infection and 1 otitis media was excellent in 6 cases (50%) and good in 6 cases (50%). The efficacy rate was 100%. Bacteriological effect of ASPC to 6 cases which detected the causative organisms (S. aureus, E. faecalis, H. influenzae and P. mirabilis) was eliminate in 3 cases (50%) and replace in 3 cases (50%). The bacterial eliminated rate was 100%. Side effects of ASPC to 14 administered cases were observed in 2 cases, that were urticaria in 1 case and elevation of GOT in 1 case. From the above results, it was concluded that ASPC was the useful and secure antibiotic drug for treatment of infections in pediatric field.

Amoxicillin↗