Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kawabata

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawabata.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics. XII. Synthesis and activity of new 3-ethynylcephalosporin.

The synthesis of the orally absorbed 3-ethynylcephalosporin is described. In addition, the structure-activity relationships and oral absorption in rats of 7 beta-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2- carboxymethoxyiminoacetamido]cephalosporins having various aliphatic hydrocarbon groups at the 3-position are discussed. Of these cephalosporins, 3-ethynyl-cephalosporin exhibited better activity against Staphylococcus aureus than the other cephalosporins and showed moderate oral absorption in rats.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics. XIII. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7 beta-[(Z)-2-aryl-2-carboxymethoxyiminoacetamido]-3-vinylcepha losporins .

The synthesis, antibacterial activity and oral absorption of the 7 beta -[(Z)-2-aryl-2-carboxymethoxyiminoacetamido]-3- vinylcephalosporins are described. Of these cephalosporin derivatives, 7 beta-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-carboxymethoxyiminoacetamido]- 3-vinylcephalosporin exhibited the highest activity against Gram-negative bacteria and showed also good excretion after oral administration to rats. In addition, the effects on the antibacterial activity and oral absorption of the amino function on the thiazole ring are discussed.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

[Imaging diagnosis of head and neck cancer--diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer and cancer of the cervical esophagus by CT x-ray].

Fifty-six patients with laryngeal cancer were examined. The rate of correct diagnosis of clinical staging was 64.3%. Whereas the rate of correct diagnosis of staging by CT was markedly improved, 89.3%. In particular, CT facilitated correct diagnosis of T4. Supraglottic T3 cancer is diagnosed on the basis of deep infiltration or fixation of the hemi-larynx. Disappearance of the pre-epiglottic space or ulcer formation was recognized as a CT finding of deep infiltration. Disappearance of the paraglottic space and dislocation of the arytenoid cartilage were used as the standard for CT findings of laryngeal T3 cancer. CT allowed diagnosis to be made in 84.4% of cases which were pathologically determined to be T4. It can be said that CT is a very effective method for staging diagnosis in patients with laryngeal cancer. Fifty-seven patients with hypopharyngeal cancer and cancer of the cervical esophagus were also examined. When 40 post-surgical patients were compared according to pathological classification of T, the rate of correct diagnosis of clinical staging was 77.5% while that of staging diagnosis by CT was 82.5%. The rate of correct diagnosis by postoperative CT was 80.0% compared with the pathological determination of depth of invasion. The diagnosis of depth of invasion by CT on initial examination is thus an effective means for the determination of prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Elastofibroma of the greater omentum.

A rare case of elastofibroma developing in the greater omentum of a 76 years old woman was reported. The greater omentum was thickened in a plate-like shape to a size of 24 X 15 X 2 cm, and a firm mass as large as 5 X 4 X 3 cm was formed in a portion of the omentum. Granulomatous inflammation associated with the calcification was present in the center region of the mass. Collagen fibers and elastofibroma fibers were markedly proliferated around the granuloma. Fibrosis accompanied with the formation of elastofibroma fibers was observed not only around the granulomatous inflammatory focus but also throughout the thickened omentum. The elastofibroma fiber in this case lost its stainability to resorcin-fuchsin and orcein after 4 hours treatment with elastase. It may be inferred that not only mechanical stresses but also inflammatory stimuli contribute to the development of elastofibroma.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Anti-inflammatory activity of the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (Glyteer) (1)].

The anti-inflammatory activity of the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (GL, 0.1 approximately 10%) was investigated by its topical application to mice, rats and guinea pigs; and the effects were compared with those of betamethasone 17-valerate (BV, 0.12%), ibuprofen (IP, 5%), phenylbutazone (PB, 5%) and flufenamic acid (FA, 5%), which were all prepared with the same ointment base. GL (1 approximately 10%) showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of the increased vascular permeability induced by histamine and bradykinin in guinea pigs. GL significantly inhibited rat paw edema induced by carrageenin, but in serotonin-induced paw edema, GL showed only a weak effect. GL also inhibited the erythema formation induced by ultra-violet rays, and the activity was equal to that of PB. The inhibitory potency of GL against the erythema formation induced by arachidonic acid in guinea pigs was equal to that of IP. It is suggested from these results that the mode of action of GL is similar to that of other acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, GL did not inhibit paper disk granuloma in rats. Furthermore, GL markedly inhibited the delayed-type hypersensitivity induced by picryl chloride, and the activity was stronger than that of IB, PB and FA. Here GL showed the mode of action seen with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The present data provide evidence that GL applied externally possesses a potent effect as an anti-inflammatory drug.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Studies on beta-lactam antibiotics. IX. Synthesis and biological activity of a new orally active cephalosporin, cefixime (FK027).

The synthesis and some biological properties of 7 beta-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(carboxymethoxyimino) acetamido]-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (3, FK027) are described. Diphenylmethyl 7-amino-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride (8), the cephem precursor to FK027 was prepared from 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) by two parallel routes differing primarily in the protection of the 7-amino group. Compound 8 was alternatively prepared from deacetylcephalosporin C sodium salt (DCCNa) with improved yields. Two pathways for the conversion of 8 to FK027 are provided. The new orally active cephalosporin, FK027, possesses a widely expanded antimicrobial activity and high stability to beta-lactamases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical demonstration of lysozyme in normal, reactive and neoplastic cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system.

Using the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method, lysozyme (LZM) was shown to exist in normal, reactive and neoplastic cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), but was not detected in histiocytosis X cells. Immunostaining for cytoplasmic LZM by the PAP method is useful for identification of mononuclear phagocytes and for diagnosis of the diseases in which these cells participate.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis↗
PubMed1983

[Autopsy case of malignant carcinoid tumor of the ascending colon].

A 72-year-old female operated for ascending colon cancer was histologically diagnosed as having co-existing goblet cell-like carcinoid and rosette-forming carcinoid. The tumor cells were positive for the argyrophil reaction, but negative for the argentaffin reaction. A few tumor cells had both argyrophil granules and sulfated acid mucin in their cytoplasm. Despite combination chemotherapy she expired 10 months after the operation. Autopsy revealed local recurrence and metastases to the liver, lung, pancreas, left adrenal and many lymph nodes.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Seeding of gallbladder carcinoma along the tract after percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopy.

An implant metastasis developed along the tract after percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy 5 months after initial placement of the catheter into the gallbladder. Percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy is conducted by insertion of choledochofiberscope into the gallbladder through the dilated sinus tract established around a catheter inserted into the gallbladder. The catheter had been placed for total of 15 days. Two days after the removal of the catheter, cholecystectomy supplemented by partial resection of the liver was carried out because of the extent of a gallbladder carcinoma. The choledochofiberscope used was Olympus CHF type 4B, with a thinner flexible part 5.0 mm in diameter. It is not surprising that carcinoma of the biliary tract or pancreas may seed along the tract of a biliary drainage catheter, but only few reports describing such incidence related to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage have previously been published. Physicians should be aware of this complication whenever a firm nodule develops at the site of previous entry of a biliary drainage catheter in a patient with malignant obstruction.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as intrabile duct tumor growth: a clinicopathologic study of 24 cases.

We describe the features of 24 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with prominent intrabile duct tumor growth seen among 238 autopsy and 21 surgical cases of HCC. Progressive obstructive jaundice occurred during the course of most cases and was the presenting sign in nine. A fluctuating rise and fall of the total bilirubin was seen in two cases. The average survival time of the cases was significantly shorter than that of HCC patients without intrabile duct tumor growth (Mann-Whitney's U-test, one-tailed, P less than 0.05). The average survival time after the development of severe jaundice (total bilirubin over 10 mg/dl) was only 16 days. Intrabile duct tumor casts were located in the hepatic and/or the common bile ducts in 19 cases (79%) and in five cases were seen in the peripheral (medium to small-sized) bile ducts. Hemobilia developed in five cases (21%) and was regarded as the immediate cause of death in one. Grossly all the cases presented infiltrative or mixed (infiltrative and nodular) growth pattern. Intrabile duct tumor growth and associated marked obstructive jaundice may frequently herald the terminal phase of HCC in certain patients. In our series, approximately 40% of patients with HCC and significant jaundice had gross evidence of extensive intraductal tumor growth. In the absence of intraductal tumor growth, jaundice in HCC usually was seen in a setting of progressive terminal hepatic failure.

Adult↗