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Biomedical subjects

K Kano

Publications and source records attributed to K Kano.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Studies on Paul-Bunnel (P-B) antigen-antibody system. I. Two distinct P-B antigens.

The multiple nature of heterophile, Paul-Bunnel (P-B) antigen has been suggested by our previous studies as well as those of others. In the present study, two distinct antigens of P-B specificity were defined by means of hemagglutination and immunodiffusion tests in agarose gel; one antigen (BS) was shared by bovine (BRBC) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and another antigen (B) was limited to BRBC. Both anti-BS and anti-B antibodies were shown to be present in sera of 106 patients with infectious mono-nucleosis (IM) whereas they were virtually absent from the sera of the vast majority of patients with diseases other than IM and normal sera. Absorption and agglutination inhibition tests demonstrated the presence of BS and B antigens on horse erythrocytes. Goat erythrocytes were also shown to possess BS antigen, however, B antigen was found on erythrocytes of some but not all individual goats. By means of the previously established procedure, BS antigen was extracted from stromata of BRBC, SRBC and erythrocytes of horse and goat, and B antigen from BRBC and erythrocytes of some goats. BS and B antigens were also extracted from bovine lymphocytes and murine thymus and spleen tissues but not murine erythrocytes.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Studies on Paul-Bunnell (P-B) antigen-antibody system. II. P-B antigens in extracts of lymphoma-leukemia spleens and pathologic sera.

Preparations obtained by the chloroform-methanol extraction procedure from spleen tissues of patients with Hodgkin's disease, lymphomas, and leukemias, as well as from peripheral blood buffy coat of infectious mononucleosis (IM) patients were studied for the presence of 2 Paul-Bunnell (P-B) antigens; BS antigen shared by bovine red blood cells (BRBC) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and another, B antigen characteristic for BRBC. Both BS and B antigens were demonstrated by means of agglutination inhibition tests in over 40% of these extracts. None of the extracts from spleens, tonsils, and buffy coat of apparently normal human beings contained these antigens. P-B antigens of lymphoma-leukemia extracts were further purified by DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography. The purified fractions of some of these spleen extracts formed a precipitation line with IM sera, which merged into a reaction of identity with the lines formed by P-B antigens of BRBC. In studying various pathologic sera, B antigen was detected in sera of 28% of lymphoma-leukemia patients, 15% of patients with carcinomas of internal organs, and 3% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. On the other hand, BS antigen was found in only 3% of lymphoma-leukemia sera. These results confirmed our previous observations and indicated that both BS and B antigens are expressed as neoantigens on the patient's spleen cells as a result of pathologic processes in lymphoreticular malignancies.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1980

Energy transfer in artificial membrane systems. Singlet-singlet energy transfer from alloxazines to isolloxazines in dipamitoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes and dialkylammonium chloride vesicles.

The singlet-singlet energy transfer from alloxazines to isoalloxazines has been investigated in dialmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes and dioctadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (2C18NC) vesicles to clarify the role of the artificial membranes in the energy transfer phenomenon. The structures of the artificial membranes were divided into two types: the single-walled (sonicated DPPC) and the multi-compartment vesicles (unsonicated DPPC and sonicated 2C18NC). In the DPPC single-walled liposomes, the energy of the donor lost by quenching is efficiently transferred to the acceptor via the Förster-type dipoledipole interaction. In the case of multi-compartment liposomes of DPPC, the mean distance between donor and acceptor is so small because the external surface of a bilayer is in the vicinity of the internal surface of another bilayer. As a consequence, efficiencies both of energy transfer and of energy loss were greater than those in single-walled liposomes. The fluid property of the 2C18NC bilayer allowed the preferential collisional quenching. The marked reduction in the efficiencies of both energy transfer and energy loss were attributed to the elongation of donor-acceptor distances due to the increase of the size of liposome.

Energy Transfer↗
PubMed1980

Age and seasonal variations in the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in normal humans.

Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and 24,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D [24,25-(OH)2-D] were measured in lipid extracts of 1 ml of human sera by a competitive protein binding assay. 25-OH-D and 24,25-(OH)2-D were isolated from th lipid extracts by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The 24,25-(OH)2-D fraction on the Sephadex LH-20 columns were further purified by high pressure liquid chromatography prior to assay. Serum levels of 25-OH-D and 24,25-(OH)2-D in normal males were similar to those in normal females throughout each age group. Serum levels of 25-OH-D and 24,25 (OH)2-D in newborns were 8.28 +/- 1.68 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) and 0.55 +/- 0.16 ng/ml, respectively, which were significantly (p<0.001) lower than those in adults (21.3 +/- 4.8 ng/ml of 25-OH-D and 1.55 +/- 0.31 ng/ml of 24,25-(OH)2-D). A seasonal variation was demonstrated in serum levels of 24,25-(OH)2-D as well as those of 25-OH-D. Serum levels of 24,25-(OH)2-D were highly correlated (gamma=0.884, p<0.001) with those of 25-OH-D in normal human subjects, and the percentage ratio of 24,25-(OH)2-D/25-OH-D was 7.4 +/- 1.4% (mean +/- SD), irrespective of age or seasonal variations.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1980

Heterophile antibodies in Japanese patients with various diseases including infectious mononucleosis.

Sera of Japanese patients with various diseases including patients with lympho-proliferative disease similar to infectious mononucleosis (IM) were studied for the presence of heterophile antibodies. Antibodies to sheep erythrocytes were demonstrated in 9 of 19 such patients whereas similar antibodies were found only in 28 of 3570 (0.8%) patients with various other diseases. Adsorption studies revealed that these antibodies in patients with IM-like syndrome are of Hangantziu-Deicher or Forssman nature. On the other hand, Paul-Bunnell antibody characteristic for IM in Caucasians was not demonstrated in Japanese suffering from IM-like syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in patients with various types of renal disease.

Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) in patients with various types of renal disease were measured by a competitive protein binding assay. There was a significant (P less than 0.001) inverse correlation between serum levels of either 25OHD or 24,25(OH)2D and the degree of proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis or idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The ratio of 24,25(OH)2D to 25OHD was relatively low in patients with creatinine clearances (CCr) less than 30 ml/min/1.48 m2, while the ratio was higher in those with clearances greater than 85 ml/min/1.48 m2. There was a linear correlation (r = 0.783, P less than 0.001) between the ratio and the CCr in patients whose CCR ranged from 30 to 85 ml/min/1.48 m2. The 24,25(OH)2D/25OHD ratio also appeared to be correlated significantly (P less than 0.001) with the PSP-test. The serum levels of 25OHD and 24,25(OH)2D were lowered in nephrotic patients during treatment with prednisolone. The serum levels of 24,25(OH)2D were increased by 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 treatment in patients with chronic renal failure.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1979

Mixed agglutination in microtiter U-trays.

The principle of mixed agglutination with cell cultures was applied to those cells which could not be obtained as monolayer cell cultures. Artificial monolayers of freshly isolated cells from various tissues were prepared in poly-L-lysine-coated wells of a microtiter U-tray. By means of this technique, murine alloantigens, H-2 private specificities and Thy-1 antigens were demonstrated on cells from thymus, brain, spleen, kidney and liver. Ia.2 antigen was detected on splenocytes but not on thymocytes or fibroblast L cells. Evidence was also presented that HLA A and B locus antigens could be demonstrated on human thymocytes. Sensitivity of this test was shown to be at least 100 times higher than that of the standard lymphocytotoxicity test for detection of HLA antigens.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Paul-Bunnell antigen in malignancies and rheumatoid arthritis.

By means of agglutination inhibition test, Paul-Bunnell (P-B) antigen was demonstrated in sera of patients with cancer (5%), lymphomas or leukemias (12.5%) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (1.4%) as well as in synovial fluids from RA patients (27%). In contrast, none of 124 normal human sera gave positive results. P-B antigen was also demonstrated in 3 of 12 perchloric acid extracts of cancer tissues and 2 of 11 saline extracts obtained at 100 degrees C from spleens of lymphoma-leukemia patients. Extracts of apparently normal tissues from 16 individuals gave negative results.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗