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Biomedical subjects

K Kaneda

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaneda.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Structure and molecular species composition of three homologous series of alpha-mycolic acids from Mycobacterium spp.

Three homologous series of alpha-mycolic acids (dicyclopropanoyl acids, monocyclopropanoyl monoenoic acids and dienoic acids) from 16 rapidly growing and 14 slowly growing mycobacteria were separated by argentation thin-layer chromatography and analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of their trimethylsilyl ether derivatives. Mycobacterial species were separated into five groups. Strains of group A contained similar amounts of even and odd carbon-numbered dienoic acids, with a methyl branch on the odd acids and a C24-alpha-unit, as typified by Mycobacterium fortuitum and M. chitae. Group B strains possessed similar amounts of even carbon-numbered dicyclopropanoyl alpha-mycolic acids and odd carbon-numbered unsaturated acids with C22- and C24-alpha-units, as found in M. phlei and M. diernhoferi. Group C strains contained mainly even carbon-numbered dicyclopropanoyl acids with C22- and C24-alpha-units, as shown by M. vaccae and M. aurum. Group D strains possessed mainly odd carbon-numbered dienoic acids with a methyl branch and a C24-alpha-unit, as seen in M. triviale and M. nonchromogenicum. Group E strains had mainly even carbon-numbered dicyclopropanoyl acids with C24- or C26-alpha-units, as found in M. avium and M. tuberculosis. Many rapidly growing mycobacteria also produced alpha'-mycolic acids which were shorter in the length of the main carbon chain but whose alpha-units were the same as those in alpha-mycolic acids from the same species. These alpha'-mycolic acids had either one or two double bonds and showed variations in both their unsaturation and overall size, which may be useful in taxonomic studies.

Carboxylic Acids↗
PubMed1988

A case of lung infection caused by an unusual strain of Nocardia farcinica.

A case of lung infection caused by an unusual strain of Nocardia farcinica is reported. This is the third case of the N. farcinica infection in this country. The strain failed to utilize rhamnose as sole carbon source, but could be identified by a numerical identification method. The mycolic acids contained 1-3 double bonds and the numbers of the carbon atoms of the mycolic acids were 50 to 60, average 56.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Cytology and arrangement of enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the human stomach.

Serotonin containing enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the human gastric mucosa were observed using serial semithin sections immunostained by Sternberger's PAP method and reconstructed by computer-assisted methods. In oxyntic glands, EC cells displayed a marked pleomorphism which suggests their plasticity or active movement. They sometimes possessed multipolar cytoplasmic processes directly contacting the neighboring epithelial cells and/or gastric lumen. In the antropyloric glands, they are exclusively the "closed-type," which fails to contact the lumen, and are often arranged touching other EC cells (cluster formation), apparently exhibiting polynuclear enterochromaffin syncytia. This syncitium-like arrangement is interpreted as the morphological counterpart of a possibly synchronized function of these cells. The morphological differences of EC cells in their shape, luminal endings and arrangement between both regions may be indicative of regional differences in their functions. Furthermore, the present study provides the first three-dimensional visualization of EC cells in the human stomach.

Chromaffin System↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasonographic measurement of prenatal fetal liver.

A total of 290 measurements of the size of the fetal liver in utero were made from 19 through 42 weeks of gestation. The right hepatic lobe circumference and area, considered to be the liver size, increased linearly with the advance of gestation. A statistical analysis of these results showed a highly significant correlation between liver size and gestational age (0.87, 0.77: p less than 0.001). The liver size also closely correlated with such growth parameters as biparietal diameter, femur length, and abdominal circumference (0.86, 0.76; 0.85, 0.76; 0.85, 0.73; p less than 0.001). When the liver size of normally grown fetuses was compared with that of growth-retarded fetuses, the liver of the growth-retarded fetuses was found to be significantly smaller (p less than 0.01). We conclude from this study that the measurement of fetal liver size aids in assessing the intrauterine growth of the fetus.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Radiological diagnosis of chronic spinal cord compressive lesion at thoraco-lumbar junction].

Radiological findings in five cases with chronic spinal cord compressive lesion at thoraco-lumbar junction were reported. Three cases had spondylosis and two cases had ossification of yellow ligament (OYL). The levels of the lesions were T12/L1 in three cases and T11/12 in two cases. Two out of three spondylotic patients had also OYL at the same level. The five cases consisted of three men and two women. The ages ranged from 42 to 60 years old with a mean age of 53 years old. Neurologically, every patient showed flaccid paresis and sensory disturbance of the legs. Two cases had sensory disturbance of stocking type. The intervals from the onset of the symptoms to the final diagnosis were 6 months, 7 years, 8 years, 11 years and 12 years. Myelography showed anterior spinal cord compression by bony spur in spondylotic patients, and posterior compression by OYL in other cases. Myelography in flexion posture disclosed the cord compression by bony spur more clearly in two out of three spondylotic patients. Delayed CT-myelography showed intramedullary filling of contrast material in two cases, which indicated degenerative change or microcavitation due to long term compression of the spinal cord. MRI was taken in three spondylotic patients and could directly show compression of the spinal cord. Difficulty in detecting abnormality at thoraco-lumbar junction on plain roentgenogram, and similarity of the symptoms to peripheral nerve disease often lead to a delay in diagnosis. The significance of dynamic myelography and delayed CT-myelography when dealing with such a lesion was discussed here.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study of rokitamycin dry syrup in pediatrics].

A total of 22 patients with acute pediatric infections was treated with rokitamycin (TMS-19-Q, RKM) dry syrup, a new macrolide antibiotic developed by Toyo Jozo Co., Ltd., Ohhito, Japan, to investigate its clinical efficacy. 1. A girl of an age 4 years 2 months (weighing 16.5 kg) was administered orally 10 mg/kg of RKM, and a boy of an age 8 years 7 months (weighing 24.5 kg), 15 mg/kg, and blood concentrations of RKM in these subjects were measured to investigate its absorption and excretion. Blood concentrations of the drug reached a peak of 0.84 microgram/ml in an hour after the administration in the girl, 0.72 microgram/ml in 30 minutes in the boy, with T1/2 of 0.86 and 1.82 hours, respectively. Their 6-hour cumulative urinary recovery rates were 2.79 and 2.13%, respectively. 2. A total of 20 patients was treated with RKM dry syrup. These patients included 3 with acute pharyngitis, one with acute tonsillitis, 4 with hemolytic streptococcal infections, 7 with acute bronchitis, 2 with pneumonia, another 2 with pertussis, and one with Campylobacter enteritis. The treatment was effective in 18 of them with a clinical efficacy of 90.0%. 3. Bacteriological responses to RKM dry syrup were as follows: eradication of pathogens in 5, pathogens decreased in 3, and no changes were observed in 3 of 12 patients from whom pathogens had been isolated prior to the treatment, thus the eradication rate was 45.5% with the exception of 1 patient whose bacteriological response was unknown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Results of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

From 1976 to 1985, transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy was applied to 58 hips of nontraumatic necrosis of the femoral head. Of these, 52 hips were available for the present study. The follow-up periods ranged from one to ten years (average, 5.1 years). Satisfactory results were obtained in 69%, as there was no evidence of progressive collapse of the head. Hips that had had no collapse or slight collapse before osteotomy had a significantly better prognosis, compared with those that had marked collapse of the head. The extent of the lesion as depicted on the preoperative lateral roentgenogram also influenced the eventual function. Patient satisfaction was significantly greater when these lesions were less than 70% (31/37), compared with greater than 70% (5/15).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Results of the treatment of malignant lymphoma of the brain--a report of Japan Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Group (JLRTG)].

Retrospective analysis of patients with malignant lymphoma of the brain was carried out. All cases were mainly treated with radiation therapy. Overall survival was 44% and 37% at two and five year. Survival was statistically better for patients with diffuse medium-sized cell or diffuse mixed type compared with diffuse large cell type by the LSG classification, for the age group less than 50 years compared with greater than or equal to 50 years, and for the group with Karnofsky Index greater than or equal to 50% compared with less than or equal to 40%. In 11 of 15 patients the first recurrent site was the central nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Recurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: local control failures and regional recurrences].

From 1972 to 1982, 563 patients with Stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma received radiation therapy in the department of radiology which belongs to the JLRTS group. Local control failures were seen in only 5 cases (0.9%). The regional recurrences were found in 30 cases (5%). 17 of recurrences occurred during the first 5 years. 17 cases had remissions again, and 5 cases had 5 year survivals.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

[Recurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: late recurrences].

563 patients with Stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated by radiotherapy. 34 recurrences that occurred after 3 years from initial treatment were seen in those patients. 15 (44%) of 34 recurrences occurred after 5 years. 20 patients (59%) had remission by re-treatment, and 13 (38%) survived more than 2 years. 20 (59%) of recurrences were seen on head and neck lesions and superficial lymph nodes.

Adult↗