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Biomedical subjects

K Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to K Fukuda.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

An epidemic of group A, type 4 streptococcal carriers among school children and their desk location at school.

During a follow-up study of pharyngeal carrier of beta-hemolytic streptococci among school children in three classes (ages 8-9) in Sapporo City, an epidemic of group A, T4 streptococcal carrier was observed. The epidemic started in February 1978 in class II (35 pupils) and spread to class I (36 pupils) in May. Class III developed only three carriers during the course. Information on the desk location of those children at school and those on some host factors or on several environmental factors were collected. Monthly sociometric tests were performed on those pupils and corresponding sociograms were constructed. New T4 carrier rate by month was calculated for class I and class II by pupil's desk location (adjacent vs. remote) or by degree of pupil's friendship (best friends vs. others, based on the sociogram). More new carriers were detected from susceptibles adjacent to previous carriers then from those remote to them. There was no significant difference with carrier rate between best friends and others. The T4 carriers did not significantly differ from the remaining noncarriers in terms of status with host or environmental factors examined.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1983

Changes in renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor in experimental hypertension in rats.

alpha 2-Adrenoceptors were studied in renal membrane fractions from spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), two-kidney, one clip hypertensive (2K, 1C HT) and DOCA-salt hypertensive (DOCA-salt HT) rats, using radioligand binding method. alpha 2-Adrenoceptor concentration in the kidney measured by [3H]yohimbine binding was significantly increased in SHR at 4 weeks old (41.5 +/- 2.8 fmol/mg protein, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01), 12 weeks old (54.9 +/- 2.5 fmol/mg protein, p less than 0.01) and 35 weeks old (59.8 +/- 3.4 fmol/mg protein, p less than 0.01) as compared with age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, 31.5 +/- 2.5, 40.9 +/- 1.8, 47.8 +/- 2.0 fmol/mg protein, respectively). There were no significant differences in binding affinity and 5'-nucleotidase activity (plasma membrane marker enzyme) between SHR and WKY at any age. In 2K, 1C HT rats, alpha 2-adrenoceptor concentration in the clipped kidney was higher than that of control rats, but alpha 2-adrenoceptor concentration in the unclipped kidney was unchanged. Binding affinity and 5'-nucleotidase activity showed no significant changes in renal hypertensive rats. In DOCA-salt HT rats, no significant change was found in concentration and affinity of renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor. The observed increase in renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor concentration in SHR may contribute to the pathogenesis and maintenance of hypertension through increased sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The location and course of the atrioventricular conduction system in common atrioventricular orifice and in its related anomalies with transposition of the great arteries--A histopathological study of six cases.

The location and course of the atrioventricular (AV) conduction system were studied histopathologically in 6 hearts by sectioning serially, 4 having common AV orifice (CAVO) with complete or partial transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and 2 having ventricular septal defect of the persistent common AV canal type (VSD-C) with complete TGA. Two cases of CAVO with TGA and asplenia syndrome (Cases 1 and 2) had 2 discrete AV conduction systems, being posterior and anterior to the site of the defect, respectively. In these 2 cases posterior AV conduction system well developed, whereas the anterior one was hypoplastic. In another case of CAVO with TGA and asplenia syndrome (Case 3), only the anterior AV conduction system existed near the base of the great arteries. In the other case of CAVO with TGA and polysplenia syndrome (Case 4), the posterior AV conduction system was found to have a congenital interruption of the AV bundle of His. Two cases of VSD-C with TGA but with no splenic anomaly (Cases 5 and 6) showed the posterior AV conduction system with communication-free accessory bundles. The posterior AV node, bundle of His and left bundle branch inevitably shifted postero-inferiorly, except in Case 3. The bundle branches were always distributed appropriately to their morphologically matched ventricles. The superiorly oriented vector in the mean frontal QRS axis in Cases 1, 5 and 6 seemed to be related to the postero-inferior displacement of the posterior AV conduction system, whereas those of the left-inferior oriented vector in Cases 2 and 3 were thought to be responsible for the excessively unbalanced size of ventricles. The complete AV block in Case 4 was correlated with the interruption of the bundle of His. The morphogenesis of the anterior AV conduction system was discussed in relation to the asplenia syndrome.

Atrioventricular Node↗
PubMed1983

Histopathological correlation between the QRS axis and disposition of the atrioventricular conduction system in common atrioventricular orifice and in its related anomalies.

Serial sections of the atrioventricular (AV) conduction system were microscopically studied in 12 autopsied hearts: four with complete type common AV orifice (CAVO), two with atrial septal defect of the ostium primum type (ASD-I), two with ventricular septal defect of the persistent common AV canal type (VSD-C) and four without heart disease. The anatomic findings were semiquantitatively compared with the normal control using Feldt's method and correlated to the mean frontal QRS axis on ECG. The cases of CAVO or VSD-C with left axis devation invariably showed similar patterns regarding the location and course of the AV conduction system: (1) posterior displacement of the AV node, (2) relatively short distance between the AV node and the beginning of the left bundle branch (LBB), and (3) postero-inferior displacement of the bundle of His and the LBB. The postero-inferior displacement of the LBB seemed to be responsible for left axis deviation. The cases of ASD-I showed some additional findings: (1) impaired contiguity between the AV node and the bundle of His might have caused the occasional advanced AV block in one case, and (2) the posterior radiation of the LBB traversed down through the branch-free muscle bundle, which was assumed to be related to the right axis deviation in the other case. These findings suggest that the disposition of the AV conduction system in CAVO and in its related anomalies were basically the same whatever the type of defect, and this was considered to be correlated to the established ECG pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The course and prognosis of manic-depressive psychosis: a quantitative analysis of episodes and intervals.

A quantitative analysis of episodes and symptom-free intervals in the course of manic-depressive psychosis was attempted. 1,066 patients who visited Tohoku University Hospital between 1955 and 1965 were investigated by a mail questionnaire and subsequent review of records in their care hospitals. There was no difference between the reply group and non-reply group in terms of demographic status. About 6.2% of patients were chronically ill. Eighteen percent of patients were dead at the time of study. The number of episodes was about three in depression and about seven in bipolar type during twelve years of observation. The length of symptom-free interval between episodes was about five years in depression and two years in bipolar type. There was no difference in the number of episodes or in the length of interval between 1955-1959 group and 1960-1965 group. The change of length was not confirmed between early and late intervals.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental and clinical studies of cefotiam for the treatment of otorhinolaryngological infections].

Basic and clinical studies on cefotiam (CTM) for the infectious diseases in otorhinolaryngological field were performed and the following results were obtained. The peak value in the serum level of CTM was 18.05 micrograms/ml by 0.5 g administration and 35.2 micrograms/ml by 1 g at 30 minutes after a single intravenous injection. CTM was rapidly excreted from the blood after injection and was detected a little amount in serum at 6 hours after the administration. Tissue concentrations of the drug into palatine tonsil and the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity or maxillary sinus were seen in relatively rapid and good manner. Chemotherapeutic results excepting Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections (3 cases) were excellent in 2 cases, good in 7 cases and poor in 3 cases of 12 patients with the infectious diseases in otorhinolaryngological field. No adverse effects and abnormal values in the laboratory findings were revealed in every patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Echocardiographic findings in 3 cases of mucopolysaccharidosis].

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) has been shown to cause cardiac involvements. However, echocardiographic features of MPS were not well understood. We examined echocardiographic findings in three adult patients with MPS. The diagnosis was confirmed by measuring urinary acid mucopolysaccharide and alpha-L-iduronidase activity in the white blood cell and skin fibroblast. The age ranged from 29 to 54 years. Two patients were Scheie syndrome (MPS I-S) and one was suspected to be Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (MPS VI). All patients had a systolic heart murmur suggestive of aortic stenosis, and one had an additional apical systolic murmur consistent with mitral regurgitation. The echocardiogram revealed the following findings; 1) an abnormal thickening of all aortic leaflets with reduced valve opening in all cases, 2) diffuse and marked thickening of the mitral leaflets, chordae and papillary muscles, no upward motion of the posterior mitral leaflet in spite of reduced E-F slope (13, 23 and 17 mm/sec, respectively), and slight narrowing of the mitral orifice, and 3) a slightly thickened and dilated left ventricle (IVS: 11, PW: 12, EDd: 58, and ESd 44 mm) in the case with Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome. The last finding was probably due to deposition of mucopolysaccharide in the myocardium, because the coronary arteriogram in this case did not demonstrate any significant lesions. The echocardiographic characteristics in our adult MPS cases were similar to those reported in infant or juvenile cases with Hurler syndrome (MPS 1-H) or Hunter syndrome (MPS II). However, our Maroteaux-Lamy patient may be the first case, in which myocardial involvement by mucopolysaccharide was suggested echocardiographically.

Adult↗