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Biomedical subjects

K Ewe

Publications and source records attributed to K Ewe.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Esophageal dysfunction and its pathogenesis in progressive systemic sclerosis.

In 25 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis esophageal involvement was studied prospectively by analysing subjective symptoms and radiological and manometric criteria. In all patients abnormal motility could be demonstrated by X-ray and/or manometry: radiologically in 18 (72%), manometrically in 22 (88%) cases. Dysphagia was present only in 11 patients (44%). Six patients (24%) had no subjective symptoms in spite of severe objective esophageal abnormalities. Therefore, the absence of esophageal symptoms does not exclude advanced affliction of the esophagus. To determine the pathogenesis of esophageal dysfunction the effects of 3.5 microgram/kg carbachol and of 0.6 microgram/kg pentagastrin i.m. on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP), on the amplitude and on the duration of peristaltic esophageal contractions were studied at random in 12 of the patients and 12 normal controls. The results suggest a primary myogenic genesis of the motor abnormalities by atrophy and sclerosis of esophageal smooth muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Ischemic bowel disease (author's transl)].

Geriatric patients are preferentially involved in ischemic bowel disease. The sudden occlusion of the large mesenteric arteries (a. mesenterica superior (more frequently) and inferior) is followed by intestinal gangrene and peritonitis with a poor prognosis and a high letality (greater than 90%). In chronic intestinal ischemia the leading clinical symptom is postprandial pain ('claudicatio intestinalis'). In some cases of acute mesenteric artery occlusion no embolus or thrombus will be found. In these cases the circulation in the arteriosclerotic vessels falls below a critical value due to cardiac insufficiency, shock, digitalis overdose and others. In less severe ischemia the mucosa is involved being most sensitive to O2 deprivation. It usually regenerates within a few days. This form is found more frequently in the colon than in other parts of the gut (about 40%): ischemic colitis. The therapy - if possible in acute, fulminant ischemia or if necessary in chronic intestinal ischemia - is surgical consisting in reconstructive procedures of the mesenteric circulation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Current concepts in the pathophysiology of the diarrhea (author's transl)].

Diarrhea can be defined as increased frequency of bowel movements (greater than 3 per day) plus decreased consistency of stools (volume greater than 200 ml per defecation). Two pathogenetic mechanisms have been intensively investigated and partially elucidated within the last years: 1. Secretion of electrolytes and water by way of induction of an augmented synthesis of cAMP in the mucosa cell. Cholera enterotoxin and other bacterial toxins as well as VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) cause diarrhea by this mechanism. 2. Certain substances such as dihydroxylated bile acids, diphenolic laxatives and probably fatty acids cause leakage of the tight junctions between mucosal cells and cause leakage of electrolytes and water back into the intestinal lumen.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1977

[Surgical and medical treatment of Crohn's disease (author's transl)].

Regional enteritis does present therapeutical problems because of the unpredictable course of this disease. 162 patients were operated upon in the Surgical Department of the University of Mainz Medical School between 1964 and 1976. Medical and surgical treatment of these patients has been rather different due to the heterogenity of the patient group. Curative therapy of regional enteritis does not exist. Medical treatment is aimed at converting the active form of the disease into an inactive, 'burnt out' form. One therapeutic regimen widely used is the combination of salazosulfapyridin and corticosteroids, another regimen is the combination of azathioprine and prednisolone. Surgery is indicated when complications arise and after medical treatment has failed. The optimal approach is resection of the afflicted part of the intestine. Even after surgery prognosis is doubtful and depends upon the activity of the disease in each individual case.

Acute Disease↗