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Biomedical subjects

K Ewe

Publications and source records attributed to K Ewe.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Assessment of various factors influencing esophageal pressure measurement. II. Significance of physiological factors in intraluminal manometry.

In the second part of this study the effect of age, sex, body size, body weight and timing of the manometric examination (morning vs. noon) on esophageal pressure measurement was investigated in a total of 119 healthy subjects, using an electromagnetic microtransducer. Additionally intraindividual variation of pressures was studied over a period of 6 months. Of these parameters only age influenced upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure significantly: The mean UES pressure of younger subjects (20-49 years) was significantly higher (144.4 +/- 8.6 mmHg) compared to that of older subjects (50-80 years) where a mean pressure of 103.4 +/- 7.2 mmHg was recorded (p less than 0.0005). Intraindividual variation of pressures in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was considerable but exceeded only in a few cases the normal pressure range which was defined as M +/- 2 S. The results indicate that age, sex, different body weight and body size do not influence significantly the normal values obtained by a quantitative manometric method. In UES manometry however, the diminished resting pressure in the older patient must be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The effect of cathartic agents on transmucosal electrical potential difference in the human rectum.

Active ion transport in the colon is generating a transmucosal electrical potential difference (PD) of about 40 mV. Cathartic agents inhibit electrolyte and water net-absorption or cause net-secretion which should be reflected in a change of PD. In 83 normal subjects the effect of an isotonic eletrolyte solution (control) and different cathartic agents on rectal PD was tested: Laxatives (bisacodyl, rhein), bile acids (cholic and deoxycholic acid), fatty acids (oleic and ricinoleic acid) and cardiac glycosides (meproscillarin, digitoxin, digoxin). Bisacodyl, deoxycholic acid in high concentration, meproscillarin and digitoxin significantly decreased PD, while the other substances did not. Cathartics act on different transport mechanisms which together with different absorption characteristics of the proximal and distal colon may explain the difference in effecting the PD. Rectal PD measurement provides an easy and convenient tool to document effects of cathartic agents on electrolyte transport, otherwise difficult to obtain, and is applicable for clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of intravenous diazepam on human lower oesophageal sphincter pressure under controlled double blind crossover conditions.

The effect of diazepam on the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) pressure is controversial. Therefore, a double-blind crossover study was performed on 18 healthy volunteers to determine the sphincter response to intravenous diazepam--70, 140, 280 microgram/kg, which correspond to a total dose of 5, 10, and 20 mg. respectively. After the 5 and 10 mg dose no signficant effect on LOS pressure could be observed when compared with placebo. After the 20 mg dose a significant rise in pressures (deltaPLOS) was recorded for 40 minutes with a maximum deltaPLOS of + 16.2 +/- 6.6 (mean +/- SEM) mmHg after 50 minutes (P less than 0.01) (46 +/- 1.3% increase above the basal pressure). It is concluded that diazepam does not affect lower oesophageal sphincter competence and therefore does not increase the risk of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration in premedicated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Biopsy of small intestine in Crohn's disease of terminal ileum and/or colon; a histoligical and electron microscopical study (author's transl)].

Jejunal suction biopsies of 41 patients suffering from Crohn's disease of terminal ileum and/or colon were studied histoligically. No typical alteration induced by Crohn's disease were found by light microscope. In order to detect minimal alteration specimen of 7 patients were also examined by electron microscope. The substructure of epithelial cells, cellular conjunctions, basement membranes, nerves and vessels showed no remarkable changes. Only an increased infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells were observed.

Adolescent↗