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Biomedical subjects

K Dohi

Publications and source records attributed to K Dohi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Breast cancer in a man treated effectively with a large dose of tamoxifen citrate.

Breast cancer in males is comparatively rare. A 41-year-old man visited our hospital with a complaint of left breast tumor. Initial examination showed remarkably diffuse metastatic lesions in the lung field and small metastatic lesions in the surrounding skin. Modified radical mastectomy, including the surrounding metastatic skin lesions, and incisional biopsy of the lung were performed. Estrogen receptor was positive in both the primary breast cancer and metastatic cancer lesions in the lung. Postoperative medication of tamoxifen citrate, an estrogen receptor blocking agent, in a dose of 30 mg/day, was given together with fluorouracil, BCG, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate. No evident change could be seen in the lung field six months after the operation. The metastatic lesions in the lung disappeared two years after the operation when the dose of tamoxifen citrate was increased to 60 mg/day. At this writing, thirty months after the operation, the patient is in good health.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Aspiration biopsy cytology a highly diagnostic procedure for assessing neck masses, excluding thyroid tumors.

Aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) was done on one hundred and forty-five patients with cervical tumors, excluding primary tumors of the thyroid and local metastasis of thyroid cancer, during the period of 44 months from 1981-85. Surgery was done on a total of fifty-five patients with lesions evaluated to be malignant and requiring resection. A correlation was determined between the histological diagnosis based on permanent paraffin sections and the diagnosis made by aspiration biology cytology in order to evaluate ABC in terms of accuracy together with its complications and limitations. The false positive rate was 6.6 per cent and the false negative rate was 8.3 per cent. Histologic diagnosis was predictable by ABC in eighty per cent of cases, but difficulty was experienced in predicting the histologic diagnosis in cases of a poorly differentiated malignancy. A few cases of slight subcutaneous bleeding occurred, but seeding implantation of cancer cells was nil. It was confirmed that ABC is a highly diagnostic procedure for assessing cervical tumors. The method is simple, safe and economical.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1986

Correlation between stable E-rosette formation and induction of alloantigen specific MLR suppressor cells in human mixed lymphocyte culture.

The induction kinetics of human suppressor cells in unidirectional mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) and the E-receptor of the suppressor cells were studied. Suppressor cell function was measured by the degree of suppression of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). MLR suppressor cells appeared 3 days after priming MLC was started, and maintained the same suppressive effect until the 11th day. These suppressor cells were allo-antigen specific and resistant to x-irradiation up to 1000 rad, but susceptible to 1500 rad or to mitomycin C treatment. MLR suppressor cells which were obtained from priming MLC after 3 to 8 days formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees C.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1986

Role of free radicals in ischemic rat liver cell injury: prevention of damage by alpha-tocopherol administration.

The present study was undertaken to determine whether alpha-tocopherol pretreatment could modify cellular free radical metabolism during hepatic ischemia and subsequent reperfusion and prolong the viability of the liver. Although ischemia of the liver for 90 minutes did not permit survival of the animals, alpha-tocopherol administration (10 mg/kg of body weight) for 3 days increased the survival rate to 45.5%. The period of ischemia was accompanied by decreases in the hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, endogenous alpha-tocopherol, and total glutathione (reduced and oxidized) without any significant increase in endogenous coenzyme Q (CoQ) homologs (CoQ9 and CoQ10) and lipid peroxide formation. The subsequent restoration of blood flow resulted in a low recovery of ATP and marked decreases in endogenous alpha-tocopherol, total glutathione, and CoQ homologs and, on the contrary, a marked increase in lipid peroxide levels. In alpha-tocopherol-treated animals, however, resynthesis of ATP was accelerated even after 90 minutes of ischemia, and there were no changes in the levels of total glutathione or CoQ homologs or in the level of the enhanced alpha-tocopherol during the reperfusion period. The pretreatment also completely suppressed the elevation of lipid peroxide levels. These results are compatible with the assumption that cellular damage caused by hepatic ischemia can be explained by free radical reaction processes during ischemia and especially reperfusion and suggest that administration of a free radical scavenger and antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol, is effective in ischemic liver cell injury.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1985

Diagnosis of breast lesions by aspiration biopsy cytology.

From November 1981 to the end of August 1984, 456 patients with breast lesions underwent aspiration biopsy cytology (A.B.C.). This study includes 109 for whom the diagnosis was histologically confirmed at surgical biopsy. Seventy-five lesions were histologically proven to be malignant and 34 were benign. The accuracy of diagnoses with A.B.C. was; true positive 86.7 per cent (65/75) of the time, true negative 82.6 per cent (28/34) of the time, false negative 5.3 per cent (4/75) of the time and false positive 5.7 per cent (2/34) of the time. Unsatisfactory or inadequate aspirated tissue made A.B.C. diagnosis difficult in 5.5 per cent (6/109) of the cases. Three out of 7 with malignant tumors, who were wrongly diagnosed as benign by A.B.C., had tumors with a diameter of 1.0 cm or less. Two benign cases which were falsely diagnosed as malignant also had small tumors about 1.0 cm in diameter. Although A.B.C. is more reliable than other conventional supplementary diagnostic techniques (mammography, ultrasonography, etc.), it is important to carefully follow clinically questionable cases which appear negative, using A.B.C..

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Anti-nuclear RNP antibodies in two sisters.

Two sisters with clinical elements of mixed connective tissue disease were found to have anti-nuclear RNP (nRNP) antibodies. These antibodies were not found in the six other family members examined. The sisters had inherited an identical HLA haplotype A2-Bw61-Cw3-DR1 from their mother who had had Raynaud's phenomenon for several years. Analysis of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in the patients and their immediate relatives showed decreased OKT-4-positive cells in one of the patients and increased OKT-8-positive cells in both patients, their father and their brother, resulting in lower OKT 4/OKT 8 ratios in these members of the family. This is the third description of the familial occurrence of anti-nRNP antibodies and it adds further evidence for the implication of genetic factors in the development of anti-nRNP antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Interaction of proteases and their inhibitors in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis].

It was confirmed that esterolytic activity was significantly elevated in plasma of patients with acute pancreatitis, which correlated better with the stage of the disease than serum amylase level. Using the several column chromatography procedures, pancreatic kallikrein, trypsin and pancreatic elastase were separated and purified from alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) fractions of patients plasma with acute pancreatitis. From this this result, it was confirmed that kallikrein was liberated into the blood stream from the pancreas during attacks of acute pancreatitis and the liberated kallikrein combined with alpha 2-M. Furthermore, the coexistence of trypsin is required for the complex formation of alpha 2-M and pancreatic kallikrein. It was speculated that alpha 2-M might be decomposed by the excessive amount of elastase, and consequently, might release all of its combining enzymes into the blood stream. In the present study, the activation mechanism of fibrinolytic enzyme system in plasma by human pancreatic elastase was investigated. Elastase not only converted the co-existing plasminogen to low molecular weight plasminogen which could be easily activated by the activators, but also inhibited alpha 2-M and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, and consequently, induced the activation of the fibrinolytic enzyme system in plasma. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that elastase could activate plasma kallikreinogen to kallikrein.

Acute Disease↗