Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Dohi

Publications and source records attributed to K Dohi.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Clinical and experimental study of pancreatic exocrine function after pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma.

The residual pancreatic exocrine function before and after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for periampullary carcinoma was studied clinically as well as experimentally. In clinical instances (n = 35), the N-Benzoyl-L-Tyrosil-p-Aminobenzoic Acid test (BTPABA test) before and within two months after PD revealed reduction of the function compared with those in the control study. However, the test result one year after PD was improved compared with those before and within two months after operation, without differences from that of the control group. In new canine PD models in which drainage of the pancreatic duct, 50 per cent pancreatectomy and duodenojejunectomy were performed after three months of pancreatic duct obstruction, fibrosis surrounding the pancreatic duct was disclosed. However, the results of examination five months after PD revealed a milder degree of pancreatic fibrosis without aggravation of the lesion. The aforementioned findings indicated that the exocrine pancreas before PD was impaired due to obstructive pancreatitis and that the postoperative pancreatic function was well preserved at the level close to that in the control group even after approximately 50 per cent resection of the pancreas, if pancreatic duct drainage was effectively performed.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1988

[Changes in the levels of lipid peroxides in regenerating rat liver and the effect of pretreatment with CoQ10].

The present study was undertaken to determine whether CoQ10 pretreatment could modify cellular free radical metabolism in regenerating rat liver and enhance hepatic DNA synthesis. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used. Partial 70% hepatectomy was performed according to Higgins and Anderson. CoQ10 (6 mg/kg body weight) and its solvent as a placebo were injected intravenously 1 hour before operation. Twenty-four hours or 48 hours after 70% hepatectomy resulted in 55% or 50% decreases of hepatic ATP, and marked decreases of endogenous CoQ homologs (CoQ9 and CoQ10), alpha-tocopherol and reduced glutathione (GSH) in remnant liver and was accompanied by 2.5-fold increases in lipid peroxides. However, in CoQ10-treated animals synthesis of ATP was accelerated after 48 hours after partial hepatectomy. There were no changes in the levels of CoQ9, alpha-tocopherol, or GSH or in the level of the enhanced CoQ10 in regenerating liver. The pretreatment also completely suppressed the elevation of lipid peroxide. Moreover, CoQ10 administration markedly increased hepatic DNA synthesis at 48 hours after partial hepatectomy. These results indicate that cellular damage during hepatic regeneration is in part due to lipid peroxidation, and suggest that CoQ10 is effective in the pretreatment of liver resection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Natural history and effects of dextran sulfate.

We evaluated 246 cases having clinically primary chronic glomerulonephritis and histologically mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis of varying degrees. 190 patients conservatively followed with serial measurements of GFR served as delineating the natural history. The remaining, randomly selected 56 subjects were treated with Dextran sulfate, a mild anticoagulant, for 7 to 56 months (average, 25.4). 55 cases underwent repeated renal biopsy at the mean interval of 3.3 years. It became evident clinically and morphologically that the severity of diffuse mesangial proliferation and the presence of focal and segmental lesions in more than 20% were two critical determinants of the natural history. All cases with mild mesangial proliferative alteration alone survived more than 10 years, but none of the patients with global sclerosis in more than 50% in the initial biopsy did. 10-year survival rates in mild, and moderate or greater mesangial proliferation with the focal-segmental lesions were 45.0% and 19.3%, respectively. In the treated group, renal function improved or was maintained, along with histologic confirmation in some, during the follow-up period. Moreover, the survival rate of subjects with global sclerosis in more than 50% ameliorated beyond the natural history. Thus, Dextran sulfate appeared promising for a possible suppression of the coagulatory process associated with the focal-segmental lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Ischemic damage prevention by coenzyme Q10 treatment of the donor before orthotopic liver transplantation: biochemical and histologic findings.

This study was undertaken to determine whether pretreatment of the donor rat with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) would protect against hepatic ischemia induced for 30 minutes at normothermic body temperature. Fresh liver transplants were used as controls (minus warm ischemia of 30 minutes) and gave a 1-week survival rate of 84.6%. CoQ10 was administered intravenously (10 mg/kg body weight) to the donor rat 1 hour before induction of warm ischemia (group A). In another group (B), the same dose was given intravenously not only to the donor rat but also to the recipient rat 1 hour before grafting. None of the placebo group survived more than 2 days. The 1-week survival rates of the groups pretreated with CoQ10 were 45.5% for group A and 50% for group B. There was no significant difference between groups A and B. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated between the placebo group and both CoQ10-treated groups (p less than 0.05). It was therefore assumed that CoQ10, accumulated in the donor liver, was a primary factor in improving survival. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP), total bilirubin, and total protein were measured by means of light and electron microscopic examination of the liver 6 months after transplantation. Long-term-surviving rats with transplanted, ischemically damaged liver that was pretreated with CoQ10 showed a decrease in the activity of SGOT and SGPT and an increase in levels of total protein to the normal range (as well as to those levels exhibited by fresh-liver-transplanted rats) with practically no change in levels of SALP, total bilirubin, or in histologic findings. These results indicate that donor pretreatment with CoQ10 is useful for increasing survival after warm ischemic damage of rat liver grafts.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Natural killer activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in primary glomerular diseases.

This study was performed to investigate the role of cell-mediated immunity in primary glomerular diseases (PGD), by estimating natural killer (NK) activity from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) assayed against K562 cells, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity from PBMC assayed against chicken red blood cells. The proportion of PBMC was examined by flow cytometry using the monoclonal antibodies OKT and Leu series. NK activity in patients with nephrotics of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) was significantly lower compared to those of the normal controls. In addition, ADCC activity in patients with nephrotics of MPGN was significantly lower compared to the normal controls. The sera from patients with diminished NK activity inhibited NK activity of PBMC from healthy individuals. Furthermore, OKM1 positive lymphocytes were significantly higher in the MCNS, MGN and MPGN patients and Leu7 positive lymphocytes were significantly higher in the MPGN patients. These data suggest that several mechanisms contribute to the defects of NK and ADCC activities in patients with PGD, and the defects in NK and killer cells are common in patients with nephrotics of MCNS, MGN and MPGN, and may be important in the pathogenesis of PGD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Serum levels of bone Gla-protein in normal humans and in patients with chronic renal failure.

Levels of serum bone Gla-protein (BGP) were evaluated in 372 normal Japanese subjects (164 males, 208 females), ranging in age from 14 to 87 years, and in 194 patients with chronic renal failure, 181 of whom were on maintenance hemodialysis. The age-dependent serum BGP levels (mean +/- SD) determined by radioimmunoassay in normal subjects under 20 years old were 27.1 +/- 20.5 ng/ml, and 10.2 +/- 5.8 ng/ml in older subjects. Mean serum BGP increased significantly in patients with hemodialysis (35.1 +/- 24.3 ng/ml) and in patients with nonhemodialysis chronic renal failure (20.6 +/- 14.2 ng/ml). The mean BGP levels showed a trend toward higher values in the younger renal failure patients. However, the difference to the values of older patients did not reach a level of statistical significance. There was a significant (r = 0.84, p less than 0.001) positive correlation between serum BGP and serum creatinine for the nonhemodialysis group alone, but not for hemodialysis patients alone. A correlation was also observed between serum BGP and serum C-PTH in hemodialysis patients. Our results suggest that the serum BGP elevation in patients with chronic renal failure probably reflects not only decreased renal clearance but also increased bone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The role of lipid peroxidation in endotoxin-induced hepatic damage and the protective effect of antioxidants.

Intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, [LPS]) to mice at a dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight resulted in a survival rate of 31% 48 hours after administration. Simultaneous intramuscular administration of (10 mg/kg) coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) increased the survival rates of LPS-administered mice to 69.7%. When LPS administration was increased to 30 mg/kg, no survivors were observed in the placebo group. Simultaneous intravenous injection of CoQ10 (10 mg/kg) or alpha-tocopherol (20 mg/kg) restored the survival rate to 52.9% or 42.9%, respectively. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level in the liver, which is the best index of the energy state, decreased gradually to 70% of the control ATP level 24 hours after LPS (15 mg/kg) administration. The lipid peroxide level in the liver increased fivefold 16 hours after LPS administration and then decreased to the control level in 8 hours. Simultaneous treatment of mice with antioxidants, such as CoQ10 or alpha-tocopherol, completely suppressed the lipid peroxide level in the liver and preserved the hepatic ATP level in the normal range. These results indicate that LPS induced hepatic damage in mice because of lipid peroxidation and that antioxidants suppressed lipid peroxidation, preserved energy metabolism in the liver, and enhanced survival of endotoxin-administered mice.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗