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Biomedical subjects

K Ando

Publications and source records attributed to K Ando.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Studies on the anti-inflammatory activity and ulcerogenic adverse effect of thiazole derivatives, especially 2-amino-thiazoleacetic acid derivatives.

A series of derivatives of 4-arylthiazole acetic acid and 2-aminothiazole were studied with respect of their antiinflammatory effect in rat carrageenin edema. Some active compounds were found, which suppressed the paw edema formation strongly, and two compounds were selected, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylaminothiazole acetic acid (Compd. 29) and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-diethylaminothiazole acetic acid (Compd. 71) for further detailed studies. These compounds (Compd. 29 and Compd. 71) moderately inhibited the denaturation of albumin with heat-treatment. Hyperthermic lysis of erythrocytes were strongly inhibited with both Compds. 29 and 71 in the wide range of concentrations (5 X 10(-5) mol/l-5 X 10(-4) mol/l), while their related compound, Compd. 2 (fentiazac) and the reference drugs, ibuprofen, phenylbutazone and flufenamic acid, were either ineffective or stimulatory at the higher concentration. Compds. 29 and 71 inhibited strongly both trypsin and chymotrypsin activities, which differed from the above reference drugs qualitatively and quantitatively. The adverse effect on the gastrointestinal membrane was less with Compd. 29 and Compd. 71 compared with fentiazac and ibuprofen. Compd. 29 especially gave the preferable results with almost no gastric damage at the higher dosage together with its good anti-edematous activity. The characteristics of Compds. 29 and 71 are discussed in terms of the correlation between anti-inflammatory effect and ulcerogenic effect and also of the clinical application.

Acetates↗
PubMed1984

[Laboratory and clinical study of ofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial prostatitis].

Ofloxacin (OFLX), a new pyridonecarboxylic acid derivative for oral use, was administered in the treatment of 22 cases of bacterial prostatitis (acute 4, chronic 18). In advance of the clinical trial, the concentration of OFLX in prostatic fluid (PF) was determined following administration of the drug to 3 patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis at a stationary phase. Assays revealed antibiotic concentrations of a mean level of 1.34 micrograms/ml in 3 PF samples. The ratios to the plasma antibiotic level (R value) averaged approximately 1.10. In clinical use, the drug was given at a daily dosage of 300-600 mg for 5-21 days. The bacteriological response of the infections caused by gram negative bacteria, in all eight patients (100%) was complete eradication, whereas that in 14 cases (including 5 mild infections) caused by gram positive cocci, was excellent or moderate in 10 (71%) and poor in 4 cases. Adverse reactions were observed in 2 cases; complaint of diarrhea (drug administration was discontinued in 1 case). No abnormal values such as of kidney or liver functions or of peripheral hematology were encountered. From the data obtained ofloxacin was concluded to be highly effective, safe and useful in treatment of bacterial prostatitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Independent effect of a mixed-beam regimen of fast neutrons and gamma rays on a murine fibrosarcoma.

Biological effectiveness of a mixed-beam regimen of fast neutrons and photons was studied in an animal tumor system. NFSa , a spontaneous fibrosarcoma in a C3H mouse, was transplanted in the right hind legs of syngeneic male mice and locally irradiated with a single dose or five daily doses. Tumor control experiments showed that five gamma-ray doses increased TCD50 values by 20 Gy and produced a shallower slope on the dose-response curve compared to that after a single fraction. Fractionated neutron doses also increased the TCD50 value by 9 Gy without changing the slope of the dose-response curve. A mixed-beam regimen of N-gamma-gamma-gamma-N resulted in an independent effect on the tumor. Second, tumor cell survival was examined by the lung colony assay. Nembutal anesthesia reduced the tumor oxic cell fraction, resulting in a single component dose-response curve after a single gamma ray. Five fractionated doses of gamma rays increased both D0 and extrapolation number while those of fast neutrons increased only extrapolation number. The D0 and extrapolation number of the mixed-beam regimen were again identical to those values assuming that the mixed-beam effect was independent. RBEs obtained from cell survival were fairly close to those from TCD50 assays except single-dose experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical experience of Hachimijiogan for male infertility patients].

We treated 53 patients for male infertility with TSUMURA - Hachimijiogan given as a daily dose of 7.5 g for 144 days on the average. The sperm density was improved by administration to 10 X 10(6)/ml or more in 22 patients (41.5%) and lowered to 10 X 10(6)/ml or more in only 2 patients (3.8%). The sperm motility was improved by 10% or over in 29 patients (54.7%) as compared with 5 patients (9.4%) in whom it was lowered by 10% or more. The sperm motile efficiency index ( SMEI ) was improved in 40 (75.5%) of the 53 patients. Statistically significant differences were noted in the improvement in sperm density, sperm motility and SMEI . By contrast, there was no difference in semen volume, sperm morphology or sperm agglutination between the pre- and post- treatment periods. During the period of treatment, the wives of 4 patients (7.5%) conceived children. These results suggest that TSUMURA - Hachimijiogan is effective for male infertility to a certain extent and that clinical trials on its use for male infertility may be meaningful.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Peripheral resistance and red cell Li-Na countertransport in borderline hypertensives.

We have studied ouabain-resistant, external sodium-stimulated, lithium efflux (Li-Na countertransport) in red blood cells from 21 borderline hypertensives with at least one hypertensive first degree relative (BH-F), 19 borderline hypertensives without family history of essential hypertension (BH-NF), and 35 age-matched normotensive subjects. The data indicate the finding of an increased Li-Na countertransport in all BH (F+NF), but with a significant overlap between BH values and control ones: Li-Na countertransport is significantly higher only in BH-F but it is normal in BH-NF. Moreover, there is a significant correlation of Li-Na countertransport to total peripheral resistance but not to mean blood pressure in all hypertensive patients. It is suggested that in BH the increase of erythrocyte Na flux is mediated by the Na-Na exchange diffusion, and its abnormality may be associated to the hereditary trait of essential hypertension rather than the high blood pressure per se, probably resulting in the development of hypertension, through the increased vascular smooth muscle tone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Abnormalities of erythrocytes in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were studied in relation to the extracellular calcium ion concentration. The shape of fresh erythrocytes in DMD was normal and not affected by Ca++. When DMD erythrocytes were stored in buffer solution with Ca++, however, the rate of the shape change over time was enhanced compared with that of cells from normal controls. The calcium content of DMD erythrocytes stored in buffer solution with Ca++ and dextrose was also two and one-half times that of control cells. In contrast, when DMD erythrocytes were stored in buffer solution with dextrose but without Ca++, no differences from controls were observed. The adenosine triphosphate content of DMD erythrocytes stored in the buffer solution was not affected by Ca++ concentration.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Effects of phencyclidine, secobarbital and diazepam on eye tracking in rhesus monkeys.

Rhesus monkeys were trained to track a moving disk using a procedure in which responses on a lever were reinforced with water delivery only when the disk, oscillating in a horizontal plane on a screen at a frequency of 0.4 Hz in a visual angle of 20 degrees, dimmed for a brief period. Pursuit eye movements were recorded by electrooculography (EOG). IM phencyclidine, secobarbital, and diazepam injections decreased the number of reinforced lever presses in a dose-related manner. Both secobarbital and diazepam produced episodic jerky-pursuit eye movements, while phencyclidine had no consistent effects on eye movements. Lever pressing was disrupted at doses which had little effect on the quality of smooth-pursuit eye movements in some monkeys. This separation was particularly pronounced with diazepam. The similarities of the drug effects on smooth-pursuit eye movements between the present study and human studies indicate that the present method using rhesus monkeys may be useful for predicting drug effects on eye tracking and oculomotor function in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Controlled trial of thyrotropin releasing hormone tartrate in ataxia of spinocerebellar degenerations.

The clinical efficacy, dose-response relationship, and safety of TRH-T (thyrotropin releasing hormone tartrate) were assessed in 290 patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) in a 2-week, double-blind study using placebo as control. 254 patients satisfied the criteria for inclusion in evaluation of the drug efficacy. The patients were treated with TRH-T in an intramuscular dose of 2 mg, 0.5 mg or 0 mg (placebo) as TRH once a day for 2 weeks. Clinical responses to these treatments were evaluated 3 times: at the end of weeks 1 and 2 of treatment and a week after the end of treatment. The results of "global improvement rating" as well as those of "ataxia improvement rating" showed that both 2 mg and 0.5 mg TRH-T treatments were significantly superior to placebo treatment in patients with predominantly cerebellar form of SCD. The effect was well maintained a week after the end of the 2-week treatment in the patients who were given TRH-T in daily dose of 2 mg and showed improvement at the end of treatment. The results of "improvement rating of each symptom" revealed that 2 mg treatment was significantly more effective than placebo for disorders of standing, gait, speech and writing. In the patients who had no pyramidal involvement or disorder of deep sensation, the drug efficacy and dose-response relationship were evident. Adverse reactions to the drug such as headache, feeling febrile and nausea were observed in 50% of the patients on 2 mg treatment, in 38% of those on 0.5 mg treatment and in 21% of those on placebo patient, however, discontinued treatment because of adverse reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Control of T-cell-dependent antibody responses of mice to rat antigens by donor cell types.

Administration of rat red blood cells (RBC) into mice induced a rat antigen-specific T-cell-dependent primary antibody response that was detected by a plaque assay using rat RBC as a target. This response was not induced by rat thymocytes or rat spleen cells that should share rat-specific antigens with rat RBC. We then demonstrated that rat spleen cells but not rat thymocytes, which were administered with rat RBC, partially inhibit the action of rat RBC for induction of the anti-rat response. This inhibition required live donor FcR+ cells, and seemed to be specific to rat antigens common to RBC and spleen cells. The findings supported the idea that the control by donor cell types, which was originally shown to work for T-cell-independent antibody response [3,5], should be effective for T-cell-dependent response beyond the species barrier.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of artificial and spontaneous lung metastases by preirradiation of abdomen--II. Target organ and mechanism.

We have previously reported that irradiation of the abdomen of mice before i.v. injection of both immunogenic and nonimmunogenic tumour cells is capable of suppressing their ability to form metastatic lung nodules in a time and dose-dependent fashion. Experiments with segmental exposure indicated the target organ to be located in the ventral half of the abdomen. The effect has now been shown positively to depend upon irradiation of the caecum, and can be abolished either by shielding the caecum from irradiation or by surgically removing it prior to irradiation. Further experiments have shown that the effect cannot be elicited in germ-free mice and that its magnitude is markedly reduced in animals given gut-sterilizing antibiotics. Split-dose irradiation only slightly reduced the magnitude of suppression, provided both doses were given within the time window of effectiveness of single doses. Tumour-growth retardation was observed and spontaneous lung metastases were also suppressed when tumour-bearing mice received abdominal irradiation 7 days after tumour cell transplantation into the leg. However, abdominal irradiation did not significantly reduce subsequent tumour transplantability by the s.c. or i.p. routes. The experimental data are consistent with a mechanism by which transmigration of enteric bacteria across the radiation-damaged mucous membrane of the caecum effectively results in an endogenous infusion of endotoxin.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Collagenase activity in human saliva.

Fairly high collagenase activity was initially demonstrated in human whole saliva, and the activity from patients with periodontal diseases was statistically higher than that from healthy subjects. Based on some characteristic properties, the collagenase in whole saliva appeared to be of tissue, rather than bacterial, origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Role of sympathetic nerve activity and natriuresis in the antihypertensive actions of potassium in NaCl hypertension.

Although the precise mechanism of the antihypertensive action of potassium remains controversial, the natriuretic property of potassium is thought to play an important role. Since the renal nerves have been shown to control urinary sodium excretion, the present study was performed to clarify the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the antihypertensive effect of potassium supplements in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats and in salt-sensitive hypertensive patients. Supplements of a 0.2% or a 1% KCl were able to moderate the development of the DOCA-salt hypertension dose-dependently, in combination with natriuresis. Renal norepinephrine turnover was markedly accelerated in the DOCA-salt rats as compared with the control rats, but the potassium supplements normalized it. Eleven patients, who had taken the potassium supplement (96 mEq/day) on a high-sodium diet, showed a lesser increase in mean blood pressure with sodium loading than 12 patients who did not take the potassium supplement. With a high-sodium diet, the potassium-supplemented patients retained less sodium and showed a lesser increase of plasma volume and cardiac output, and their adrenergic nervous activity was relatively lower during the early period of salt loading. Moreover, in salt-sensitive patients the potassium supplement was more effective for preventing a rise in blood pressure with sodium loading than in non-salt-sensitive ones. These results suggest that potassium may attenuate the rise in blood pressure during the DOCA-salt treatment in the rat and during sodium loading in salt-sensitive patients, mainly as a result of inhibiting sodium retention due to increased renal sodium excretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗