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Biomedical subjects

J Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to J Yoshida.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Deranged metabolism of cyclic nucleotides in liver diseases.

To clarify the factor(s) responsible for changes in the plasma cyclic GMP concentration in liver diseases, we measured the plasma levels of cyclic GMP, along with cyclic AMP, in various clinical stages of chronic liver diseases and acute hepatitis. The level of cyclic GMP was found to increase significantly in the early stage of acute hepatitis, in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis, and in malignant diseases. In the former two states, it is postulated that decreased hepatic mass is responsible for the changes in the plasma cyclic GMP concentration. The retention rate of indocyanin green (ICGR15) was highly correlated with the plasma cyclic GMP level. The result suggests that the determination of plasma cyclic GMP is useful as an index of the reserve function of the liver in disease states.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

[Extraneural metastasis of malignant glioma through a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt: growth in peritoneal cavity as ascitic form].

This is the first report of extraneural metastasis of malignant glioma through V-P shunt tube and growth in peritoneal cavity as ascitic form. The patient was a 43-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital with occipital headache. CT scan showed enhanced cystic tumor mass at left temporal lobe. Craniotomy and partial excision of the tumor was done and the histology of tumor tissue showed a malignant astrocytoma. Following this treatment, the patient received the adjuvant therapies of radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy with interferon, and also recraniotomy three times. In the mean time, a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was set up for internal hydrocephalus. One month later, abdominal bulging appeared and yellowish ascites could be obtained with peritoneal tap. In the ascite, tumor cells with glial fibrillary acidic protein were observed at the concentration of 5-10 x 10(4) cells/ml. The patient died three months after extraneural metastasis to the abdominal cavity as ascitic form. At autopsy, solid metastatic mass lesion was not found in extraneural region include abdomen.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Combination therapy with HU IFN-beta and ACNU against malignant brain tumors, Part 1. Experimental study in vitro].

Augmentation of cytotoxicity against malignant glioma using a combination of Hu IFN-beta and ACNU was analyzed in vitro from the points of cell growth inhibition and alteration of the DNA histogram. Cytotoxicity was tested by exposing 13 human glioma cell lines to ACNU at a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml and/or Hu IFN-beta at a concentration of 10(3) IU/microliters. These concentrations were considered to be clinical doses. Additive or synergistic effects of the combination of the two agents were observed in all cell lines tested. The cytotoxic effect of two log kill was seen in two cell lines given ACNU treatment alone, one cell line treated with Hu IFN-beta alone, and nine treated with the combination. Flow-cytometry studies of the DNA histogram showed accumulation in the G2+M phase with ACNU and in the S phase with Hu IFN-beta. On the other hand, marked accumulation using the combination in the S phase followed by the G2+M phase was observed and this accumulation lasted for over a week. The present results show an augmentation of antitumor activity and suggest the effectiveness of combined Hu IFN-beta/ACNU therapy in the treatment of patients with malignant glioma.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

Purification and characterization of an antitumor principle from Streptococcus hemolyticus, Su strain.

An antitumor principle (SAGP) has been purified from cell-free crude extract (CE) of group A Streptococcus hemolyticus, Su strain. The antitumor activity of each fraction was evaluated by measuring the in vitro growth inhibitory effect on transformed hamster embryonic lung cells (THEL). CE was subjected to thermal treatment, streptomycin precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromatography on octyl-Sepharose CL-4B, DEAE-cellulose, and Sephadex G-200 in that order. The active fraction from the last chromatography was dialyzed against distilled water. The resulting precipitate was removed and the supernatant was lyophilized (SAGP). SAGP is a homogeneous glycoprotein as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gel filtration, immunodiffusion, and PAS-staining. The molecular weight of SAGP was determined to be 140,000 to 150,000 by the gel filtration technique. SAGP is composed of subunits, each of which has a molecular weight of about 50,000. The isoelectric point of SAGP is 4.3. Amino acid analysis revealed an abundance of aspartic and glutamic acid residues in SAGP. The 50% growth inhibitory dose of SAGP on THEL was 0.062 micrograms/ml. Intraperitoneal administration of SAGP (20 mg/kg/day X 4) to ICR mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells increased their life span to 254% of the control.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

[A randomized controlled study of adjuvant immunotherapy with N-CWS for head and neck malignancies].

The nonspecific adjuvant immunotherapeutic effectiveness of the cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra (N-CWS) was studied in patients with head-and-neck malignancies. This study involved 390 patients seen from March 1980 to July 1982. The patients qualifying for statistical analysis were limited to 276 with squamous cell carcinoma without a vestige of tumor after four months of radical therapy. They were divided into two background-factors matched groups of 132 immunotherapy and 144 control patients. The overall two-year nonrecurrence rate was 70.4% for the immunotherapy group and 67.1% for the control. This difference, however, was amplified, when the patients' stages were limited to III and IV: 66.6% for the immunotherapy group and 55.3% for the control.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Analysis of various factors related to the prognosis of medulloblastoma].

Thirty-three patients with medulloblastoma were treated in our department by surgical resection of tumor and radio-chemotherapy, and obtained 40.1% of 5 year survival. The present study analyzed the various factors related to the prognosis from clinical and pathological points of view in our series. Good factors were extensive resection of tumor and completement of whole CNS radiationtherapy. In contrast, poor factors were the presence of subarachnoid dissemination of tumor and identification of differentiated cells in tumor tissue histologically. The protection and treatment of subarachnoid dissemination was difficult with any kind of therapy. With surgical specimens obtained from 26 patients, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were stained immunohistochemically. Two cases out of 12 with GFAP and/or NSE positive cells are alive and their mean survival time is 27 months. On the other hand, eight cases out of 14 without GFAP nor NSE positive cells are alive and their mean survival time is 44 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Human glioma associated and related antigens, identified by monoclonal antibodies.

Tumour specific and various tumour-associated antigens expressed on human glioma cells were reported from many laboratories. These have been identified by xeno-, allo-, or auto-sera and more recently by utilizing monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma technique. In this article, the results of reports are summarized comparing the studies with conventional antisera and monoclonal antibodies. The present and future clinical applications of these monoclonal antibodies are described.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of antispasmodic effect of synthetic lysolecithins with various fatty acid moieties on guinea pig ileum.

Non-competitive antispasmodic effects of 8 kinds of synthetic L-alpha-lysolecithins (1-O-acyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, LPC) with various fatty acid moieties were examined upon the spasmodic actions of histamine and acetylcholine on guinea pig ileum. Five-min pretreatment of the gut with the synthetic LPC was required to be effective. With increase of the concentration of a synthetic LPC for pretreatment of the ileum, the slope of the dose-response curve of histamine or acetylcholine added cumulatively became more gentle, the maximal contraction was suppressed apparently, and which were associated with the shift of the curve to the higher concentration of the stimulants. Of LPCs with saturated fatty acid palmitoyl-LPC showed the strongest effect, followed by myristoyl-, stearoyl-, lauroyl- and decanoyl-LPCs in order. Incorporation of cis-double bond into the C18 fatty acid chain of LPC resulted in slight decrease of the antispasmodic effect. The relaxating effect of LPCs on perfused rabbit ear vessel preparations was similar in order.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1984

Phosphorus-free antihypertensive lipid from dog peritoneal dialysate, Peritoneal Dialysate Depressor-II.

A phosphorus-free lipid with a transient antihypertensive effect was found in a dog peritoneal dialysate by a modified procedure. On silicic acid chromatography of the crude extract, a new hypotensive factor and a new hypertensive factor were separated besides the known antihypertensive phospholipid resembling lysolecithin (Peritoneal dialysate depressor-I). The new antihypertensive factor was purified almost completely by gel filtration on a Sephadex LH-20 column, and found to contain no phosphorus. It was tentatively named Peritoneal Dialysate Depressor-II. The main spot detected on preparative thin-layer chromatography by charring with ethanolic sulfuric acid reagent was found to be responsible for the antihypertensive action. This factor caused a sharp decrease in systemic arterial blood pressure of rats, cats and guinea pigs when injected into the femoral vein. There was no significant change in the heart rate during this hypotension. The hypotensive activity was not affected by previous treatment of the rats or guinea pigs with antimuscarinic, antihistaminic, beta-adrenergic-blocking or ganglionic-blocking agents. The antihypertensive effect of the factor was unaffected on rats pretreated with yohimbine, indomethacin or theophylline. In spinal or reserpinized rats, no detectable reduction of the depressor activity was observed. The factor did not affect isolated guinea pig ileum. Its depressor activity was not changed significantly by its treatment with proteases. No prostaglandin E or F series compounds were detected in the preparation by fluorometric assay with 15-hydroxyprostanoate oxido-reductase and resazurin. The hypotensive factor caused no aggregation of cat or rabbit platelets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗