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Biomedical subjects

J Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to J Vincent.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Evaluation of a culture procedure for identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

A new rapid culture technique (Microcult GC) for identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was compared with a standard culture procedure in 151 patients (59 males, 92 females) suffering from urethritis and/or cervicitis. In 86.8% of the patients identical results were achieved when the new and the standard culture techniques were compared. In 4% the new culture technique revealed N. gonorrhoeae, confirmed by Bram-stain microscopy, when the standard culture was negative. However in 9.1% the reverse was true. In conclusion the new technique showed a decrease of 5% compared with the standard culture method. None of the methods gave rise to detectable false reactions. The new culture procedure might be a complement in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea because of its ease and rapidity (results are available after 24 h) but the method should not be used as a single diagnostic as it suffers from an unacceptable non-specifity especially in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Bronchiolo alveolar carcinoma. 9 cases (author's transl)].

The authors try to define the criteria for the diagnosis of this unusual variety of bronchio pulmonary adenocarcinoma. They studied only 9 patients, 8 of whom had surgery which allowed to make a correlation between X-ray and morphological findings. The pathologist encountered the usual problems in the diagnosis of a primitive tumor since some metastasis have the same macroscopic and microscopic aspect. The relation between the radiographic image and the anatomical findings is emphasised. From a symptomatic and radiological point of view, the most frequent distinction was between the opaque round intra-pulmonary image and the chronic alveolar opacity. Other radiological types occurrence less frequently, such as the nodular or the hollowed type. The authors emphasize the pronostic importance of distinguishing the localized form, with a generally good prognosis following surgery, form the diffused form, which have a very poor prognosis. Even under the best of conditions, a radiological study must be supported by both surgery and pathology to be sure that the tumor in question is, in fact, strictly localized. The histogenesis of bronchio-alveolar carcinoma is briefly discussed in a study of histology and pathology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary gas exchange, diffusing capacity in natives and newcomers at high altitude.

At high altitude, in resting conditions, no differences have been observed between High Altitude Natives (HAN) and acclimatized Sea Level Natives (SLN) in AaDO2, aADCO2 or venous admixture. In acclimatized SLN, AaDO2 is smaller than at sea level because of: (1) The minor effect on arterial oxygenation of the probably constant venous admixture. (2) The reduction of VA/Q inequality as shown by a smaller aADCO2. In HAN, DLCO is greater than in SLN; the contribution of DM or VC in this difference remains unsettled, mainly because of the difficulties of measurement of DM and VC in HAN suddenly exposed to acute hyperoxia. In SLN, in acute hypoxia, DLCO increased transitorily. Asynchronous mechanisms of adaptation to high altitude are evoked.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1978

Gas exchanges during exercise in normoxia and hyperoxia.

Exercises of constant workload (90 watt) have been carried out during normoxia or hyperoxia FIO2 = 0.45). It has been shown that, in spite of a significant dispersion in the values of O2 deficit and O2 debt calculated, these values are related to the increased blood lactate level which contributes to the marked acidosis observed in both conditions of oxygenation. Hyperoxia reduces lactate level as well as the O2 debt. In addition to the significant increase in arterial [H+] and PCO2, exercise provokes a slight decrease in PO2. It is suggested that the significant variations of these humoral factors might contribute to the control of ventilation during exercise in both conditions of oxygenation.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1978

Erythromycin stearate in acne vulgaris: its effect on the skin surface lipids and on the activity of purified pancreatic lipase.

To study the mechanism of action of erythromycin stearate in acne vulgaris, the composition of the skin surface lipids was analyzed before, during and after treatment (500 mg daily for 1 week, 250 mg daily for 2 months) in 17 patients. Quantitative thin-layer chromatography showed that the fatty acid fraction in the skin surface lipids decreased significantly during the treatment period. The clinical effect was good in 14 of 17 patients. Further investigations were performed on the effect of erythromycin stearate on purified pancreatic lipase. The enzyme activity was not inhibited by exposure to the drug.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

[Adaptation of blood sugar regulation during muscular activity. Effects of training].

Our aim was to study the adaptation of energetic metabolism to muscular activity and the effects of training upon these adaptations. So we realized swimming and running tests on young healthy adults, selected in "trained" and "untrained". The effects of muscular activity were reflected by a raise of serum F.F.A., clearly noted in "untrained" subjects ; the levels of glucose and growth hormone both raised, but especially in "trained" subjects. Cortisol level raised in varying degrees while insulinemia presented little changes.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1978

Effect of tocopherol on photooxidation rate of human erythrocyte membrane in vitro.

Study indicates that tocopherol's ability to prevent erythrocyte photohemolysis is a result of selective chemical trapping of the photooxidation-generated oxidant, singlet oxygen, before it can cause peroxidation of the essential unsaturated lipids in the erythrocyte membrane. The data provide fundamental information that support the purported clinical efficacy of tocopherol in the treatment of congenital erythrocyte membrane oxyhemolysis.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1978

[Anatomical aspects of the elements of interpretation of lateral chest radiographs of adults].

Anatomo-radiological study of the thorax based on 110 lateral chest radiographs and 11 necropsies of normal adults. The authors show the interest of this lateral projection which has been too long considered as a simple contribution to the anterior-posterior projection. This incidence exhibits many anatomical details, which could not be seen on any other standard incidence.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Influence of some inflammatory or antiinflammatory substances on skin biopsies investigated with microcalorimetry and respiratory techniques.

Thermal effects were achieved from skin biopsies (epidermis, corium, subcutis) measured by batch-microcalorimetry, after exposure to potent inflammatory or antiinflammatory substances (compound 48/80, histamine, serotonine and hydrocortisone phosphate). Exothermic effects were achieved from 48-80, histamine and hydrocortisone phosphate, when exposed to the skin and lasting for varying time. From serotonine initial endothermic signals were achieved but after about 50 min there was stabilizing of the thermal reaction at the baseline. To analyze the nature of these non-specific thermal effects, determinations of O2 consumption and CO2 production were performed, using Warburg technique on exactly matched tissue pieces exposed to the same substances and run parallely with the microcalorimetrical determinations. An increased respiration, probably as an indicator of increased metabolism was registrated for all test substances acting on the skin. It felt, that the thermal effects reflect an increased metabolism of the tissue exposed to the test substances.

Basal Metabolism↗
PubMed1977

[Intrarenal localisation of renorenal collaterals in the dog. Observations on renal arteries as end-arteries (author's transl)].

One of the two main branches of the left renal artery was slowly occluded in four dogs. Repeated angiography was carried out from 45 to 61 days postoperatively; this made it possible to observe the development of collaterals between the normal and constricted branches of the renal artery, i.e. intrarenal renorenal collaterals. These collaterals developed predominantly from preexisting vessels of the extraglomerular system in the vicinity of the renal pelvis and calyces and, to a lesser extent, from medullary vessels and from forating capsular arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Degradation and liquefaction effect of streptokinase-Streptodornase and stabilized trypsin on necroses, crusts of fibrinoid, purulent exudate and clotted blood from leg ulcers.

Necrotic materials most frequently found in leg ulcers, including crusts with fibrinogen, pus and blood clots, were exposed to solutions of streptokinase-streptodornase and stabilized crystalline trypsin respectively. The investigations were performed at the temperatures of 26 degrees and 33 degrees C, representing the extreme values of the temperature range found in leg ulcers (arteriosclerotic ulcers, stasis ulcers) and at the pH corresponding to that of the enzyme preparations in wet dressings. Streptokinase-streptodornase demonstrated in vitro a more potent proteolytic activity than crystalline trypsin on necroses, crusts of fibrinoid and purulent exudate, which were more rapidly and thoroughly broken up. Both enzyme preparations were, however, equally effective on three-day-old blood clots.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the biological effects of deuteriated organic compounds. I. Antifungal activity of perdeuteriated fatty acids on dermatophytes in vitro.

The antifugal activity of some perdeuteriated fatty acids, with normal chain 11 to 18 carbon atoms, was investigated on common dermatophytes Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum under in vitro conditions. These studies were performed by dilution technique and with respiratory measurements, Perdeuteriation of some fatty acids increases their inhibitory effect on the dermatophyte growth. Perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid proved to be the most active of the substances tested. Possible mechanisms behind the enhanced antifungal activity due to the perdeuteriation of fatty acids are discussed.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the biological effects of deuteriated organic compounds. II. Morphological changes of Epidermophyton floccosum exposed to perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid studied with interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy.

In order to visualise the morphological changes of Epidermophyton floccosum associated with exposure to perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid, the architecture of the dermatophyte was investigated by means of interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy. The morphology of mycelia grown on substrate containing perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid, or the unlabelled analogue, was compared. The perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid produced a characteristic undulant effect of the hyphae. The characteristic wave-like appearance of the mycelia looked similar to the curling effect occuring after treatment of dermatophytes with griseofulvin, but was not so pronounced. Perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid, unlike the unlabelled analogue, also seems to cause a reduction of the number of chlamydospores perforations of the macroconidia. The changes in the morphological structure of Epidermophyton floccosum exposed to pereuteriated n-hendecanoic acid have been investigated. Morphological examination of mycelia exposed to this substance by interference contrast microscopy demonstrated a picture of defect hyphae and macroconidia. By the aid of scanning electron microscopy we have attempted to obtain a better visualization of these changes at ultrastructural level.

Chemical Phenomena↗