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Biomedical subjects

J Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to J Vincent.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Studies on the biological effects of deuteriated organic compounds. III. Antifungal activity of perdeuteriated fatty acids on dermatophytes in vivo experimental microsporie in guinea pigs.

Investigations on the antimycotic properties of perdeuteriated fatty acids were carried out on Microsporum cains infections in vivo. The study was performed on experimental microsporie in guinea pigs using four different methods, all based on the ability of M. canis to cause alopecia. Perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid showed in vivo a statistically significant enhanced antimycotic effect compared to its unlabelled analogue. This is in accordance with our previous observations in vitro conditions. The remaining perdeuteriated fatty acids (C12--C18) showed no statistically significant growth retarding effect on M. canis infections in guinea pigs when compared with their unlabelled analogues. The present study attempts to ascertain if some perdeuteriated fatty acids have any antifungal activity in vivo conditions. Our previous papers (3,4) concerning the evaluation of the antifungal activity of some perdeuteriated fatty acids on dermatophytes in vitro, demonstrated that the perdeuteriation of n-hendecanoic acid, lead to a pronounced antimycotic effect on common dermatophytes as e.g. E. floccosum, T. rubrum, M. canis and T. mentagrophytes. As our previous results indicate a decreasing of fungistasis with an increasing carbon-chain length of the perdeuteriated fatty acids, we have attempted to verify this observation in vivo conditions. A special interest was, of course, focused on the most promising compound, the perdeuteriated n-hendecanoic acid.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1976

Allergic delayed skin reactions from lipid fractions of trichophytin.

Crude trichophytin was fractionated to find out if its lipid fraction could cause inflammatory delayed allergic skin reactions in dermatophyte-sensitized guinea pigs. The following fractions were obtained: polysaccharide-peptide, total lipids, total lipids without free fatty acids and free fatty acids. The crude trichophytin and polysaccharide-peptide fraction gave rise to strong and equal allergic delayed skin reactions after 24 h. The total lipids gave statistically significant weaker, but clearly positive reactions, and of the same degree as the free fatty acid fraction. The total lipids without free fatty acids did not produce reactions in the sensitized animals, indicating that free fatty acids are responsible for the allergic skin reactions. In some cases the free fatty acids showed comparatively intense reactions. It can be concluded that free fatty acids are antigenic substances that are, sometimes, involved in the allergic delayed skin reactions in dermatophytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Contact sensitizing properties of some fatty acids in dermatophytes.

The predominant fatty acids (C10-C18) of dermatophytes were investigated by the Landsteiner-Draize test to establish their allergenicity. It was demonstrated that fatty acids can give rise to sensitization of delayed type in guinea pigs. The middle-chain fatty acids (C10-C12) showed a high allergenicity compared to the (C13-C18) acids with moderate to weak contact sensitizing properties. The fatty acids may act as contact sensitizers and, at least sometimes, be responsible for the skin lesions in dermatophytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Spark source mass spectrographic study of metal allergenic substances on the skin.

By spark source mass spectrography it is possible to trace very low concentrations of substances such as chromium, cobalt, and nickel in ethanol extracts of the skin. Chromium could be detected in abnormally high concentrations 3 weeks after one application, while nickel and cobalt reached background levels after 2 to 3 weeks. Touching a door handle containing chromium leads to a significant rise in the chromium content of the skin. Increased chromium content of the skin was evident in one case of wristwatch eczema as well.

Allergens↗
PubMed1976

Studies on fatty acids in pus of psoriasis pustulosa palmo-plantaris.

Thin-layer chromatography was used to find out if there were any quantitative differences in fatty acid content in pus from the palmar pustules in ten patients with psoriasis pustulosa palmo-plantaris (PPP) before and after long-term tetracycline therapy. No significant differences were found, indicating that it was not possible to correlate the good therapeutic effect of antibiotics reported in PPP with a decrease in the fatty acid content of pus from the pustles. However, the series was small and investigations are now in progress to establish whether small differences of significance can be demonstrated in a larger series. By combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry the fatty acids of pus in patients with psoriasis pustulosa palmo-plantaris were analysed. Stearic and palmitic acids were found to be predominant.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1975

Infrared spectroscopy for tracing of topically applied ointment vehicles and active substances on healthy skin.

Infrared spectroscopy was used to trace active substances and ointment vehicles applied on the skin. Vaseline and lanoline could be traced after 8 hrs but not olive oil. From the active substances, ethyl-4-amino-benzoate (5 per cent), clioquinol (5 per cent), parabenes (15 per cent), 5,7-dichlor-8-hydroxy-2-methyl-chinolin (5 per cent), balsam of Peru (25 per cent) and pyroleum pini (12 per cent) could be traced 1 hr after application but had disappeared after 8 hrs. Ethylenediamine (1 per cent), chlorcresol (1 per cent), pyroleum lithantracis (5 per cent), were not traceable after 1 hr, and curiously neither neomycine sulphate in spite of its high concentration (20 per cent). The reaction of the skin surface lipids, after application of different substances, was deduced from the spectra. Clioquinol and pyroleum lithantracis seem to give rise to hydrolysis of the triglycerides, the free fatty acids being clearly identifiable. It is felt that infrared spectroscopy can be used as an effective method to trace different substances such as potent allergens on healthy or diseased skin.

Balsams↗
PubMed1975

Contribution to the study on fatty acids of Epidermophyton floccosum.

The total lipid content of a dermatophyte, Epidermophyton floccosum, grown under controlled environmental conditions, varies with growth stage and represents 7.0 to 19.8% of the dry weight. The main lipid classes, determined by quantitative thin-layer chromatography, were: triglycerides, free fatty acids, sterols and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition was established with the aid of combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major components, linoleic, palmitic and stearic acids represent 42.8, 18.9 and 9.6 per cent respectively. The fatty acid biosynthesis, their taxonomic value and their role in the disease mechanism are discussed.

Epidermophyton↗
PubMed1975

[Congenital aortic arch anomalies and vascular rings (author's transl)].

The anomalies of the aortic arch are consequences of malformations in the first twelve weeks of the intrauterine life. Embryologically it is possible to explain and classify all of them. Most remain asymptomatic and do not need treatment. About one third of all anomalies are causing tracheo-esophageal compression with consequent complaints. In most cases the symptomatology starts in the first days of life. Some of them can be temporarily treated conservatively. The prognosis of patients, who need surgery is good, even in small infants. Surgery consists mainly in section of the atretic or hypoplastic part of the double aortic arch, section of the aberrant subclavian artery, section of the Botal ligament or duct and liberation of the trachea and esophagus. A normal configuration of trachea and esophagus is reached after several months or even more than a year. There are no reports on reoperations for secondary strictures. In the University Hospital of Nijmegen and Leiden we operated on 17 patients. There were 8 patients of group I A --- Edwards classification -- double aortic arch with both aortic arches open and left Botal duct or ligament; 4 patients of group I B, double aortic arch with one atretic aortic arch with a left Botal ligament; 3 patients of group II B, with a left aortic arch and aberrant right subclavian artery and a left Botal ligament; 2 patients of group III B with a right aortic arch and an aberrant left subclavian artery and a left Botal duct or ligament. Of our 17 patients one died during the operation because of a haemorrhage and overtransfusion; an other one died three weeks postoperatively from an endotracheal bleeding. All the other patients are without complaints and remained so.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Determinations of the carbon monoxide diffusion at the early stages of chronic obstructive lung disease].

The determinations of the diffusion capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (DLco) with single breath or steady state methods find their elective indication in the diseases affecting electively the alevolar-capillar membrane, particularly in the cases of fibrosis. In the course of chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathies, they are more or less disturbed by the anomalies in the distribution of lung ventilation and perfusion that coexist with them in a constant mood. Nevertheless, it has been proved that the fall in DLco and in the relation DLco/alveolar volume is one of the elements that contribute to recognize lung emphysema and to make the distinction between the same and chronic bronchitis or asthma. It is also well established that DLco is lowered in the smokers, but the meaning of this fact is presently bad known: artefact due to the presence of carboxic-hemoglobin; lesion of the alveolar-capillar membrane or anomaly in the bronchiolar permeability. DLco is also diminished in some asymptomatic subjects bearers of a deficiency in alpha-l-antitrypsin and may be also encountered in the course of beginning lung emphysema with anatomic authentication. In some cases, the fall in DLco might therefore bear witness, prior to any spirographic alteration, of the involvement of the alveolar-capillar membrane, but not of the true bronchial obstruction.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1975

[The action of 2(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole on 26 strains of bovine enteroviruses isolated in Algeria (author's transl)].

Bovine enteroviruses were first classified into two main groups on a serological basis. The ability to grow in the presence of 5 mug/ml of 2(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole (HBB) has been reported to be characteristic of the strains belonging to group I. Twenty-six strains isolated in Algeria and previously serologically grouped were submitted to the action of GBB. The viruses of our group I (similar to La Placa's group I) exhibited the same propertie, whereas the strains of our group II were inhibited by GBB as are the strains belonging to La Placa's group II.

Animals↗