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Biomedical subjects

J Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Takeuchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Microangiographic evaluation of the effects of heparin on progressive Masugi nephritis.

Unilateral progressive Masugi nephritis was produced in rabbits and studied by microangiography as well as light and immunofluorescence microscopy. The following five groups were studied: Group 1. Heparin was started simultaneously with nephrotoxic serum (NTS) and was given for one week. The animals were then sacrificed along with the untreated controls. Group 2. This was the same protocol as in group 1 but with three weeks' heparin. Group 3. Heparin was started one day after NTS was given for three weeks. Group 4. Heparin was started one to two weeks after NTS and was given for three weeks. Group 5: late effect group. Heparin was started simultaneously with NTS, was given for four weeks, and the animals were then sacrificed 10 to 13 weeks later. Heparin dose was 5,000 U, s.c., per day in all treated groups. The number of glomeruli seen per unit of cortex by microangiography was significantly increased in the first through the third groups, as compared to the controls. Group 1 did not show this increase but there was some decrease of immunofluorescent fibrinogen. The late effect group (group 5) showed no modification by the treatment, suggesting that an initial improvement may have been negated by persistent immunologic insults after heparin withdrawal.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

Normotopic plus heterotopic atypical teratomas.

6 cases of normotopic plus heterotopic atypical teratomas are presented. The difficulty of making an accurate early diagnosis is stressed. Suggestions for interpreting both clinical and radiograph data are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hydraulic and hemodynamic studies on the blood flow through the cardiovascular system.

To investigate the hemodynamic aspects across a stenosis in the cardiovascular system, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies were performed. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Remarkable changes in the pressure profile were recognized downstream. The relationship between pressure gradient and flow across the stenotic orifice revealed an inverse linear relationship in in vitro studies, but showed a slight convex curve in in vivo studies. 2) The critical stenosis in vitro and in vivo studies 10% and 25%, respectively. 3) In the group of mitral valve area larger than 0.5 cm2, flow coefficient C was smaller than 1.0 and blood flow could be "vena contracta". 4) Gorlin's formula is considered to be appropriate in the cases with valve area larger than 0.5 cm2. But Gorlin's formula may over-estimate in the group with valve area smaller than 0.5 cm2.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Occlusive arteriopathy and brain tumor.

Four cases with the association of occlusive arteriopathy and brain tumor are presented. A clinical analysis of these cases and cases reported in the literature revealed that occlusive arteriopathy at the base of the brain was often associated with a slowly growing basal tumor in children. Possible causes of occlusive arteriopathy in these cases were compression of the circle of Willis by a slowly growing basal tumor, secondary artial occlusive changes by radiation therapy for a basal tumor, or vasculopathy associated with neurocutaneous syndrome. Symptoms of sudden onset or episodic nature suggest the presence of occlusive arteriopathy rather than the mass effect of a tumor. Cerebral angiography is mandatory whenever computerized tomography (CT), performed to rule out recurrence of a basal tumor, shows an ischemic lesion with low-density areas without any evidence of mass effect of the tumor. Cerebral angiography is also necessary when a basal tumor is suspected in children, particularly in cases associated with neurocutaneous syndrome and a basal tumor. Care should be taken not to scarify the abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain at the time of operation, because it is considered to be functioning as collateral circulation. The potential hazards of radiotherapy to radiation-induced occlusive changes of the circle of Willis must be considered in treating a benign basal brain tumor in children. Even in adults, repeated large doses of irradiation could cause occlusive arteriopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Suprasellar germinoma.

The clinical features of 18 cases of suprasellar germinoma were reviewed, and the following points stressed: 1) The incidence of intracranial germinoma and teratoma seems to be much higher in Japan than elsewhere. 2) Germinomas in the pineal region, the third ventricle, and the lateral ventricle were observed to be predominant in males. In suprasellar germinoma, however, males were not affected predominantly and the male:female ratio was 1:1. 3) Suprasellar germinomas caused three symptoms: diabetes insipidus, visual disturbances, and pituitary dysfunctions. 4) Pituitary functions were disturbed to various degrees. Some cases showed hypopituitarism but some showed an elevation of plasma concentrations of cortisol or luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone. 5) Some abnormalities showing a suprasellar mass were usually found on neuroradiological examination. 6) Suprasellar germinomas were very sensitive to radiotherapy and some of them rapidly disappeared on follow-up computerized tomography scanning after irradiation with as little as 1200 rads.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Interaction between alcohol consumption and drug metobolism in the liver (author's transl)].

Alcohol interacts with a number of drugs in a paradoxical way; when alcohol and drugs are coingested, effect of drug on the body appears to be prolonged and enhanced, not only by additive process at the target organ but also by means of impaired absorption and metabolism of drug (= drug tolerance). By contrast, chronic alcoholics, who have proliferated endoplasmic reticulum and adaptively induced drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver, when sober, require larger doses of drug than usually in order to produce a proper effect (= drug tolerance). The induction of drug-detoxifying enzymes by alcohol, however, could result in the enhancement of the hepatotoxic effect of some chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride. Clinical importance of alcohol-drug interactions is such that physician must be cautious about the ingestion of alcohol by his patients taking other medications and that he should rely heavily on careful patient observation to determine efficacy or toxicity of drug prescribed for alcoholic patients.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Primary IgA glomerulonephritis and Schönlein-Henoch purpura nephritis: Clinicopathological and immunohistological characteristics.

A comparative analysis on clinicopathological and immunohistological characteristics was performed of 205 cases with primary IgA nephritis and 35 with Schönlein-Henoch purpura nephritis (purpura nephritis). Diagnostic criteria for primary IgA nephritis were set out so that IgA was either the most prominent immunoglobulin or, at least, equal to IgG and/or IgM, if present, irrespective of mesangial or peripheral localization. In primary IgA nephritis, one half of the cases were discovered by asymptomatic proteinuria, and one-third presented recurrent upper respiratory tract infection and gross hematuria, one-fourth abdominal pain and a few cases joint pain, while purpura nephritis was associated with a significantly higher incidence of such systemic symptoms as abdominal and joint pains, in addition to purpura. Both diseases shared a tendency toward conspicuous hematuria in contrast to the modest proteinuria, with normal renal function in three-fourths to two-thirds. Moreover, four of 35 with purpura nephritis showed preceding proteinuria and had been regarded as primary IgA nephritis until purpura appeared. The glomerular pathology had a common feature in that there was frequent occurrence of mesangial proliferative and focal and segmental lesions. The immunohistology in the two diseases was indistinguishable with regard to the glomerular immunoglobulins and mediators, whether purpura was present or absent. Thus, we propose a unifying concept that, by analogy with SLE, primary IgA nephritis may be regarded as 'sine lupo,' lying on one side of the nosological spectrum with less systemic symptoms, whereas purpura nephritis may occupy the other side with more systemic aspects. Furthermore, we confirmed the epimembranous granular deposition of IgA in both diseases as the most characteristic morphological expression of circulating immune complexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The measurement of serum proteins with rapid turnover for early diagnosis of fatal hepatitis.

An attempt was made to find reliable indices for the early recognition of fatal cases of acute viral hepatitis, using the values of serum proteins with rapid turnover. Prealbumin and alpha2-HS-glycoprotein were measured in the sera of 44 cases by immunodiffusion method before the appearance of hepatic coma and/or gastrointestinal bleeding. The difference of the mean values of prealbumin between fatal and surviving cases of subacute form of fulminant hepatitis was not statistically significant. In contrast to this, there was statistically significant difference between both groups in the mean values of alpha2-HS-glycoprotein (p less than 0.05). The present results indicate the possibility of differentiating fatal cases from surviving ones at an early stage, using the reduction of alpha2-HS-glycoprotein by a simple and reproducible immunodiffusion method.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1977

Radiation therapy of craniopharyngioma.

The histories of 32 patients with craniopharygioma who had received radiotherapy after surgery were reviewed to assess the effect and adequacy of the radiation dose. The survival rates were 69% at 5 years and 60% at 10 years in all cases, but depended markedly on sex and age. Symptomatic improvement and histological changes in the irradiated tumor are also discussed. Radiation therapy with a dose ranging from 5500 to 6000 rads (approximately 1700 rets) after the first surgical intervention definitely improves the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Period of freedom from relapse as an indication of cure in minimal change nephrotic syndrome in adults.

17 adult-onset nephrotic patients with minimal-change glomerular lesions experienced 39 relapses in all. The relationship between the remission period t (expressed in months) preceding each relapse and the rate of relapse (relapse rate) F (t) was proven to correspond closely to Weibull's distribution function as follows (chi 2 = 1.72, 0.5 less than p less than 0.75): In In (formula - see text) From the equation, the time when 99% of relapsing patients have relapsed is 39.3 months. This means that adult-relapsing nephrotic patients with minimal-change lesions will experience a relapse within 39.3 months of remission. They should be free from relapse and considered cured with a 99% reliability when remission has continued longer than 39.3 months, i.e. beyond the 'period of freedom from relapse'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. Part I: Insulin test, lysine-vasopressin test, and rapid ACTH test.

For the assessment of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in the presence of pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas, insulin tests, lysine-vasopressin tests, and rapid ACTH tests were performed and plasma cortisol was assayed. Rapid ACTH test and lysine-vasopressin test, which examine adrenal and mainly pituitary function respectively, showed normal function in ten among 14 cases. But insulin test, which examines the whole hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function, showed various levels of abnormality in eight among 14 cases. Frequent association of functional disturbances of this axis in these diseases was stressed.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1977

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. Part II: insulin test and clinical features.

For the assessment of hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) secretory function, insulin test, lysinevasopressin test, and rapid ACTH test were performed and plasma crotisol was assayed. Disturbances of CRH secretory activities were found not to be related with the degree of suprasellar extension of tumors, contents of tumors, the degree of visual disturbances, or the duration of symptoms, and it was supposed that more complex mechanisms were responsible for CRH secretory abnormalities.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1977

Cell surface glycosaminoglycans of cell line MDCK derived from canine kidney.

Morphological observations and biochemical analysis were made on glycosaminoglycans produced by MDCK cells of dog kidney origin growing on a glass surface as a mosaic of epithelium with many multicellular hemishperical vesicles. MDCK cells synthesized glycosaminoglycans, which consisted mainly of heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid. The majority of the substances were contained in a cell-surface component removable with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-trypsin. In the radioautograph of tissue sections, high radioactivity of 35SO4 was observed on the medium-bathed cell surface, where Alcian blue-strained material could be observed. Ultrastructurally, the surface of microvillous processes which were abundant on the cell surface in contact with the medium was stained with ruthenium red. A small amount of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfates were also synthesized. After 24 hr, the majority of chondrotin [35S] sulfates newly formed were secreted into the cultured medium, whereas haparan [35S] sulfate was released much less, remaining as a cellular component. The biological roles of glyconsaminoglycans produced by epithelial cells are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of dialysis programmes on different molecular prescriptions: a preliminary study.

Five dialysis and/or adsorbent therapy programmes were compared to examine the biological toxicity of both small and middle molecular fractions from the clinical viewpoint. With combination of various surface areas, diffusion pool sizes, or use of charcoal, what can be called a 'molecular prescription' is possible. The programmes were designed to bring about different degrees of removal of both fractions. Ultrafiltrates obtained with Amicon XM-10 hollow fibre filters before and after a programme were examined for levels of BUN, creatinine, and methylguanidine, inhibitory effect on pyruvate kinase, G-6-PDH, and LDH, and on the cell mortality rate of rat embryo liver cell monolayer culture. The worst results were obtained in those programmes which retained small molecular fractions and removed the middle molecular fractions efficiently. The biological toxicity of the small molecular fraction, from the viewpoint of maintaining the 'milieu intérieur', seems to be much stronger than that of the middle molecular fraction. A dialysis or adsorbent therapy programme removing the middle molecular fraction only, but leaving the small molecular fraction should be considered as putting the cart before the horse.

Blood Urea Nitrogen↗