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Biomedical subjects

J Scott

Publications and source records attributed to J Scott.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Benoxaprofen: a clinical trial with an unusual design.

Benoxaprofen is a new nonsteroidal analgesic anti-inflammatory drug with a long half-life. Preliminary studies showed that steady-state blood levels could be achieved within 24 hours of treatment using a dose of 300 mg on the first day followed by 100 mg twice daily. A double-blind cross-over trial showed that benoxaprofen was effective and well tolerated in rheumatoid arthritis. Its analgesic effect was not apparent until the sixth day of treatment. An unusual trial design was used with treatment periods of unequal duration. This design has the advantage of allowing a new drug to be given for long enough to determine the time course of its action, while sparing patients prolonged treatment with placebo.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1978

The prevalence of consolidated salivary deposits in the small ducts of human submandibular glands.

Deposits of apparently solid material were observed in the small salivary ducts in a series of non-diseased submandibular glands obtained from necropsies evenly divided by sex and adult age. The deposits were of granular or laminated structure. They were of mixed staining, the majority being predominantly eosinophilic. A small number of deposits were essentially wholly hematoxylinophilic and some of these were probably calcified. The prevalence of deposits, expressed as the number per unit sectional area, increased steadily with increasing age but was unrelated to sex. An apparently close correlation between intraductal salivary deposits and foci of obstructive adenitis in the same series of glands was shown to be mainly due to the common influence of age. The deposits probably form by precipitation of salivary glycoprotein, possibly because of parenchymal age changes. They may be related to early salivary lithogenesis but the statistical evidence of this study suggests that they are unlikely to be a major factor in the etiology of focal obstructive adenitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Sulindac. Trials of a new anti-inflammatory drug.

Trials in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis showed sulindac to be an analgesic with anti-inflammatory properties and at least as effective as aspirin. It was effective within 24 hours in doses of 300-400 mg daily. It had the advantages of twice daily administration and a lower incidence of gastric side effects than aspirin. Constipation, usually mild, occurred in 20-30% of cases. Like other anti-inflammatory drugs, it was effective in only a proportion of the patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Continuous and intermittent levamisole. A controlled trial.

A double-blind comparative trial showed that intermittent levamisole therapy (150 mg daily for 3 days of each week) was as effective as continuous therapy (150 mg daily) in rheumatoid arthritis and with slightly fewer side effects.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Factors affecting measurement of total alkaline phosphatase activity in human serum, especially wavelength accuracy.

Serum alkaline phosphatase estimations by the Selected Method [Clin. Chem. 21, 1988 (1975)] are very sensitive to small errors in the wavelength setting of the spectrophotometer. With a setting error as small as 3 nm, results can be too low by as much as 23%. The product of the reaction, 4-nitrophenol, can be prepared in very pure form and can be used to check both the wavelength and absorbance accuracy of a spectrophotometer. The molar absorptivity for 4-nitrophenol obtained in the instrument being used should be used in calculating alkaline phosphatase activities.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Rickets in adult cystic fibrosis with myopathy, pancreatic insufficiency and proximal renal tubular dysfunction.

Rickets is reported in a 19 year old white man with cystic fibrosis in whom pancreatic and hepatic involvement was advanced. There was evidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism with proximal renal tubular acidosis, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. Treatment with oral pancreatic and parenteral vitamin D supplements led to full recovery of the rachitic syndrome and the proximal renal tubular dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Multiple germ cell tumors: reports of 3 cases, 1 with 3 primary lesions.

Tumors may develop in both testes, either concomitantly or sequentially. We herein report 3 cases of bilateral testicular neoplasms. One patient had concomitant seminomas of the testes and another had sequential germ cell tumors separated by an 11-year interval. The third patient is an unusual case in that he had bilateral testicular germ cell tumors diagnosed concomitantly 8 years after irradiation of an extragonadal, histologically proved, seminoma in the mediastinum. Evidence suggests that all 3 sites, each testis and the mediastinum, were primary lesions. Standard methods of therapy should be used in the treatment of malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prevention and suppression of post-partum lactation with 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154).

Most clinical trials to date have demonstrated the effectiveness of 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine in suppressing the onset of puerperal lactation and confirmed the postulative mechanism of action by suppression of serum prolactin concentrations during its administration. The present study involving 112 patients was carried out to demonstrate the dose response and the timing of the administration. The drug was administered in two dose schedules of 1 mg t.i.d. and 2.5 mg b.i.d. commencing immediately after delivery and continued for 14 days. A third group of patients had 2.5 mg administered b.i.d. only after acute engorgement became a problem in the post-partum period. The drug was just as effective in the lower dose schedule and almost complete relief of pain and engorgement spared both the patient and the nursing staff many complaints. A dramatic relief was also obtained within 48 h even after engorgement had occurred and an overall incidence of rebound filling of 19% is similar to that reported by others.

Breast↗
PubMed1977

Deafness after bacterial meningitis.

Seventeen children with previous bacterial meningitis and 17 sib controls were examined clinically and otoscopically. They were also tested with air-conduction and bone-conduction audiometry and evaluated by tympanometry. There were no major neurological abnormalities and few otoscopical signs of ear disease. 21% of the ears showed abnormalities on air-conduction audiometry but all were normal on bone-conduction audiometry. 30% had abnormal middle-ear pressures (more negative than 100 mm water) on tympanometry and 7% had abnormal compliance of the drum. There were no significant differences on any test between the postmeningitis children and the sib controls. Population studies have confirmed that minor hearing loss due to middle-ear dysfunction is common in children, but is probably temporary in most of them. We have found no excess of middle-ear dysfunction and no sensorineural deafness in these postmeningitis children, but other workers have shown that nerve deafness may occur in association with clinical neurological damage. However, much of the deafness attributed to bacterial meningitis in other studies may well reflect population variability.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Chronic pancreatitis: a cause of cholestasis.

The bile ducts were visualised using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous or intravenous cholangiography in 38 patients with non-gallstone chronic pancreatitis. Stenosis of the intrapancreatic portion of the distal common bile duct was demonstrated in 11 patients. Ten of the 11 developed transient cholestasis during exacerbations of their chronic pancreatitis. In six cholestasis eventually persisted requiring surgical relief. Secondary biliary cirrhosis was present in one patient. No evidence of pancreatic carcinoma was found in the patients explored surgically. Ten of the patients are alive more than one year after diagnosis. Chronic pancreatitis was of alcoholic aetiology in 10 of the patients with biliary stenosis. Cholestasis and biliary stricture are common but poorly recognised complications of non-gallstone chronic pancreatitis, especially when pancreatitis is severe and due to alcohol.

Adult↗