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Biomedical subjects

J Ring

Publications and source records attributed to J Ring.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Photosensitizing properties of nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs in the photopatch test].

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, carprofen, diclofenac, ketoprofen, piroxicam, and tiaprofenic acid, were tested in a standard photopatch test series. The routine irradiation dose was 15 J/cm2 UV-A; in most patients additional test series were exposed to non-erythematogenic doses of UV-B and a combination of UV-B and UV-A. In the photopatch test, there were reactions to tiaprofenic acid in 43 of 175 (24.6%), to carprofen in 21 of 86 (24.4%), to aspirin in 7 of 76 (9.2%), to piroxicam in 7 of 84 (8.3%), to diclofenac in 5 of 75 (6.7%), and to ketoprofen in 2 of 53 (3.8%). In 16 patients positive photopatch test results did not start to develop until after the 3rd test day (between day 7 and day 34). In some cases there were positive reactions within the non-irradiated control series. Most of the positive photopatch test reactions could be elicited by UV-A alone; in some cases, however, combined irradiation with UV-B plus UV-A was necessary to yield positive results; only rarely did positive reactions occur exclusively with UV-B. The high incidence of positive photopatch test reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is a possible indication of a phototoxic action. However, in some cases a photoallergic pathomechanism seems probable with regard to the development of reactions after the 3rd test day, a high UV-sensitivity in the photopatch threshold test, and the results of the histological evaluation of test reactions in some patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Allergy diet: procedures in diagnosis and therapy of food allergy and pseudo-allergy].

Apart from patient history, skin tests and in vitro methods, certain in vivo techniques such as elimination or provocation tests are of great importance in the diagnosis of food allergy. A variety of dietary approaches are used: elimination diets allow the evaluation of clinical improvement after the stepwise removal of suspected foods; on the other hand, provocation diets involve introducing suspected allergenic foods under clinical control. In each individual patient, a specific selection of food provocations is desirable. Food additives are tested according to the schedule of the oral provocation test for idiosyncrasy (OPTI) by the administration of increasing doses in gelatine capsules. In order to rule out psychological influences, blind techniques should be used. For longer periods, three variably intense allergy diets are recommended: Allergy diet 1 ("allergen-free" diet) is used in patients with severe clinical symptoms over a period of up to 2 weeks. Allergy diet 2 (allergen-poor diet) consists of a positively defined mixture of few permitted foods empirically rated as being weak allergens; this diet is suitable as a baseline diet over longer periods of time in patients with marked hypersensitivity reactions. Allergy diet 3 (additive-free diet) distinguishes permitted and prohibited foods. This diet is recommended for patients with pseudo-allergic reactions to additives such as colouring, preservatives or other triggers of pseudo-allergic reactions. In all dietary procedures, the problem of compliance has to be considered, not only with respect to the patient but also with regard to the medical personnel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allergens↗
PubMed1987

[Sulfite hypersensitivity].

Sulfites are widely used as preservatives and antioxidants in foods and drugs, often without specification. Sulfite can lead to severe hypersensitivity reactions, asthma being obviously the most frequent symptom, but also urticaria, angioedema, or other anaphylactoid symptoms may occur. Furthermore, allergic leukocytoclastic vasculitis and exacerbation of an atopic eczema have been observed. The pathomechanisms of sulfite hypersensitivity have not yet been completely elucidated. Asthmatic reactions have been attributed to reflectory activation of the parasympathetic system by the irritating effect of sulfites, possibly enhanced by a deficiency of sulfite oxidase. Besides this pseudo-allergic mechanism, for at least some cases of sulfite hypersensitivity an IgE-mediated immediate-type allergic reaction has to be considered. The diagnosis of sulfite hypersensitivity is based on provocation testing, which must be done with extreme caution.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1987

Environmental influences on UVB erythema.

In 31 volunteers the superficial skin temperature of one forearm was either raised or lowered by a warm or cold water bath. Immediately afterwards the individual minimal erythema dose (MED) for monochromatic light of 300 +/- 5 nm (UVB) was determined on both arms. Compared to the control forearm, a warm water bath significantly lowered the MED (p less than 0.001), whereas a cold water bath had no influence on the light sensitivity. In 14 volunteers the MED for polychromatic UVB was determined on the lower back with and without a continuous cold air flow 5 min before and during the UVB exposure. The continuous cold air flow significantly increased the MED (p less than 0.05). Environmental factors such as warm water or cold air have modulating effects on UVB erythema. These interactions should be considered when dealing with the effects of natural sun exposure or phototherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Sex behavior and sexually transmissible diseases].

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are no longer limited to the classic venereal diseases. A great number of viral and bacterial infections can be transmitted by sexual intercourse. Changes in social structures and advances in medicine in recent decades have resulted in greater liberality among the heterosexual and homosexual populations. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has introduced a new dimension to discussions on sexual behavior.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Skin levels of arachidonic acid-derived inflammatory mediators and histamine in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Since the biochemical events leading to cutaneous inflammation in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are unknown, we studied the levels of arachidonic acid-derived mediators of inflammation as well as histamine in the suction blister fluid obtained from lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with these dermatoses. Mediator levels were determined radioimmunologically. Skin from healthy controls and uninvolved skin from patients contained very low or unmeasurable levels of the 5-lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid, leukotriene (LT) B4. In contrast, higher levels of LTB4-like immunoreactivity were detected in suction blister fluid from lesional atopic dermatitis skin, and even higher concentrations occurred in psoriasis lesions. LTB4-like immunoreactivity from atopic dermatitis suction blister fluid cochromatographed on reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography with authentic LTB4, thus excluding cross-reaction of the LTB4-antibody with arachidonic acid or monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. In contrast, suction blister concentrations of the cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid prostaglandin (PG) E2 showed no significant differences between lesional and nonlesional patient skin and healthy control skin. PGD2 determined as a stable metabolite could not be detected in these samples. Histamine concentrations in lesional skin were within normal range. The elevated levels of the potent proinflammatory and immunomodulating mediator LTB4 could be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous inflammation in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. In addition, they might explain the therapeutic efficiency of glucocorticosteroids, which among other actions inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from phospholipid stores by blocking the enzyme phospholipase A2. However, the specificity of disease expression in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis must be due to factors other than cutaneous LTB4 elevation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Psychosomatic aspects of parent-child relations in atopic eczema in childhood. I. Psychodiagnostic test procedures in parents and children in comparison with somatic findings].

A total of 23 children with atopic eczema and 13 control children suffering from non-atopic dermatological disorders were studied. For children between 8 and 14 years the "Hamburg neuroticism and extraversion scale for children and adolescents" (HANES-KJ) was used. In this test no statistically significant differences were observed between children with atopic eczema and children with other dermatological disorders. The mothers and fathers of atopic children were examined for personality profiles using the "Freiburger personality inventory" (FPI). In the FPI, mothers of children with atopic eczema were shown to be less "spontaneous", more "under control" and less "emotional" than the normal population. The fathers of atopic children showed now significant differences compared with the normal population; however, there was a trend towards increased "irritability". In a comparison of FPI profiles within couples with atopic children, mothers showed less "somatic emotional response" in the FPI profile, while the feature "emotional control" was more prominent in the mothers as compared with the respective fathers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

LAV/HTLV-III infection and atopy: serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies to environmental allergens.

The incidence of atopic diseases and IgE production was investigated in 69 patients of the AIDS outpatient clinic. In LAV/HTLV-III infected homosexuals there was a trend to lower serum IgE levels and decreased frequency of atopic diseases. The incidence of patients with positive RAST against common environmental allergens was significantly lower in LAV/HTLV-III-infected versus non-infected homosexuals.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Psychosomatic aspects of parent-child relations in atopic eczema in childhood. II. Child-rearing style, the family situation in a drawing test and structured interview].

To evaluate the style of education in this group of children, "scale versions" according to Stapf were used. Mothers of atopic children were found to be significantly more "strict" in their educational approach compared with control mothers (P less than 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups of fathers. In particular, mothers of atopic children significantly more often favored "grown-up" behavior in their children and the capacity to enjoy the joy of children was significantly less pronounced compared with controls. In the children's drawings, children with atopic eczema lacked the "friendly atmosphere" expressed in drawings of control children. Fathers of atopic children were drawn significantly smaller than the respective mothers. In animal drawings, children with atopic eczema mostly selected unpleasant or dangerous animals to describe their parents, brothers, or sisters. From the structured interviews, the following points were remarkable: atopic children more often display aggressive thoughts or behavior against their parents than do controls. Mothers of atopic children react less spontaneously and less emotionally to children's emotions. Maternal affection often takes place as a hygienic ritual or in a body and achievement-oriented fashion. Mothers of atopic children like them to behave in a "grown-up" manner.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Total IgE levels in the serum in dermatologic diseases].

A total of 2,951 determinations of total IgE serum levels in dermatologic patients revealed significantly elevated geometric mean values in 18 of 25 diagnostic groups. The highest IgE concentrations (geometric mean greater than 100 kU/l) were found in atopic diseases (atopic eczema, extrinsic asthma, allergic rhinitis), scabies, ichthyosis vulgaris and diseases of the prurigo group. Furthermore, total IgE was elevated in acute, chronic, and physical urticaria, in patients with immediate-type allergies, in various kinds of eczema, in patients with characteristic features of atopy (typus atopicus), in psoriasis, in pyogenic skin infections, and alopecia areata. The range of individual IgE values was wide: in all diagnostic groups individual IgE levels beneath the normal adult geometric mean of 14 kU/l were found; the maximum concentrations were 340-47,000 kU/l, thus exceeding the upper limit of 100 kU/l for individual values. Knowledge of the patient's clinical condition is a prerequisite for the diagnostic interpretation of an individual total IgE serum level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) in a 4-year-old girl.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) with erythematous skin lesions and bulla formation developed in a 4-year-old girl. An accurate diagnosis using the cryostat technique on the top of a bulla was available within 1 h of hospital admission. The course was unusually mild, probably because of early treatment with corticosteroids. Skin prick tests revealed salicylamide as the agent responsible for inducing the disease. The patient was advised to avoid this substance for the rest of her life.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase activity in psoriasis.

5-lipoxygenase-derived products of arachidonic acid are implicated in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, a common hyperproliferative and inflammatory skin disease. We therefore examined whether there is an activation of this enzymatic pathway in extracutaneous tissues. For this purpose, we measured the conversion of 14C-arachidonic acid by polymorphonuclear leukocytes from psoriatic patients and controls. No significant difference in the generation of leukotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid by polymorphonuclear leukocytes was noted between the two groups. We conclude that in psoriasis there is no enhanced activity of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Adult↗