Brain scintigraphy: sinus pericranii.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J R Sty.
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The authors describe the lymphoscintigraphic findings in a 4-year-old child with neurofibromatosis, the principal manifestation of which was elephantiasis neuromatosa involving the right lower extremity. The lymphoscintigram demonstrated dilated lymphatics and enlarged lymph nodes.
The authors describe the characteristic scintigraphic and ultrasonic findings of uriniferous perirenal pseudocyst (urinoma) in a neonate with ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the affected kidney.
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The authors describe an infant whose right-lower-lobe bronchus arose from the left main bronchus and bridged the lower mediastinum. Other major congenital anomalies were present as well. Possible explanations for crossed airways, which would seem to contradict the current theory of embryonic lung development, are suggested.
Five children with pneumococcal bone and joint infections are described. Three of the children were less than one year of age and two had sickle cell disease. All but one had a primary or coincident focus of acute pneumococcal infection elsewhere. In the four children with septic arthritis, osteomyelitis was diagnosed subsequently in bones contiguous to the infected joint. All patients were successfully treated, although one developed permanent joint dysfunction. Although an unusual infection, pneumococcal infection of bones and joints should be sought in the appropriate clinical setting since such infection requires specific surgical therapy and may be associated with significant morbidity.
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Although computerized cranial tomography (CT) is useful for the diagnosis of hydrocephalus and various fluid-containing intracranial cysts. CT cannot always define the functional relationship of the cyst to the normal CSF pathways. In such cases, ventriculography may be necessary to determine proper treatment. Metrizamide, a nonionic water-soluble contrast medium, has been used for myelography and ventriculography in adults and for myelography in children. Eleven children have been ventriculograms using metrizamide with conventional roentgenographic techniques. Diagnostic information was obtained in all but one study. No major complications occurred.
A child with a ganglioneuroblastoma and tumor uptake of 99mtechnetium methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) is presented. After surgical removal of an encapsulated tumor and radiation therapy, an interval bone scan demonstrated the same presurgical abnormality. Awareness of abnormal uptake of 99mTc-MDP in irradiated renal tissue prevents interpreting radiation nephritis as recurrent tumor.
The authors report three children who demonstrated unilateral displacement of the urinary bladder associated with acute iliofemoral vein thrombosis. The displacement is caused by dilated collateral veins. Th anatomic considerations are discussed. Other causes for bladder displacement are listed.
This report describes the scintigraphic features of a congenital left ventricular diverticulum in a child. The types of congenital diverticula of the heart and the possible diagnostic role of nuclear imaging is discussed.
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The scintiangiographic abnormalities associated with acute mesenteric vascular occlusion in a child are described. The examination demonstrated absence of mesenteric vascular perfusion and arterialization of the liver. The scintiangiographic examination was instrumental in the patient's management.
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With the recent improvement in instrumentation and tracers, pediatric cardiovascular nuclear medicine has become an extremely useful clinical tool. These noninvasive nuclear examinations provide clinicians with information concerning cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. This review outlines the basic diagnostic nuclear examinations used to evaluate the pediatric cardiovascular system.
Cardiovascular nuclear medicine is an extremely useful clinical tool. The full potential of nuclear techniques in pediatrics has only recently been realized. Depending on the child's problem, one may choose to perform qualitative radionuclide angiography, first-pass studies, gated blood pool studies, myocardial perfusion imaging, particle imaging, or a combination of these studies. The examinations are sensitive, noninvasive, accurate, and available on the clinical level.